Books

Lists and classifies the plants of Syria, Palestine, and Egypt.

This book provides a comprehensive overview of the diagnosis and management of Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) and Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatis (NASH). Basic principles of disease progression, the genetic and nutritional basis of NAFLD and NASH are explained along with the proteomic principles underlying biomarker development. Chapters cover both biochemical and imaging biomarkers used in elastrography and ultrasound and discuss how these are applicable to early diagnosis and monitoring of NASH and NAFLD. This is a useful resource for hepatologists, primary care providers with an interest in metabolic disease, diabetologists and endocrinologists in their daily clinical practice.

"This book is designed to meet the need for a concise, easy-to-read text on how to approach and manage patients with nail diseases. The book opens with a description of nail anatomy and physiology, followed by a review of nail symptoms, divided according to the part of the nail apparatus involved. Non-invasive and invasive tools for the diagnosis of nail disorders are then described and insights provided into their appropriate use. Subsequent chapters review the various nail diseases, covering inflammatory, infective, environmentally and auto- induced, drug-induced and neoplastic conditions as well as disorders due to systemic diseases. An additional chapter addresses nail conditions commonly seen in toenails. Informative high-quality illustrations are included for each disorder and boxes helpfully summarize the most important features, clues to diagnosis, necessary examinations, and treatments. Nail Disorders: A Practical Guide to Diagnosis and Management will be an invaluable, ready source of information for students in dermatology, clinical practitioners and podiatrists."--Publisher's website.

Nail psoriasis is very common and causes considerable morbidity to patients. With the aid of informative illustrations, this book presents the clinical signs suggestive of nail psoriasis and describes the differential diagnosis of nail abnormalities. Newer methods of diagnosis are considered, and advice is provided on the use of severity evaluation indexes. The available treatments are extensively discussed, with information on the latest options. Selection of the appropriate treatment may be a challenge, so guidance is provided on all factors that should be taken into consideration and on choice of treatment for special categories of patient, such as children and pregnant women. Contributors have been selected from across the world, offering an international perspective on the condition. Nail Psoriasis will be an invaluable up-to-date source of information for dermatologists and will also be of interest to rheumatologists and general practitioners, given that recognition of nail signs can lead to earlier diagnosis of arthropathic disease.

A comprehensive introduction to nano- and biomaterials shining light on the different research disciplines from various perspectives. The straightforward and well-structured concept is designed to cater for entrants as well as experienced researchers in the field of nanotechnology. The initial chapters introduce nanomaterials, their classification and synthesis techniques, while subsequent chapters discuss the various characterization tools as well as mechanical properties and their applications in biotechnological and biomedical fields. Further understanding of the topic is supported by case studies used for practical purposes. The book concludes with a look at future technology advances. With its explanation of a wide variety of materials, this is an essential reference for chemists, physicists, materials scientists and biomedical engineers.

In this age of population explosion and depleting natural resources, this book offers new techniques to produce more from agricultural crops at a lower cost. The field of agronomy addresses this issue and interacts with the fields of agriculture, botany, and economics. Nanotechnology and nanoparticles play a role in agronomy. This book joins techniques from both fields into once comprehensive volume. Students of agriculture, physics, nanotechnology, and plant sciences will benefit equally from this work.

Encapsulating proteins in nanoparticles: batch by batch or one by one -- Enzyme adsorption on nanoparticle surface probed by highly sensitive second harmonic light scattering -- Armoring enzymes by metal-organic frameworks by the coprecipitation method -- Enzyme armoring by an organosilica layer: synthesis and characterization of hybrid organic/inorganic nanobiocatalysts -- Strategies for biophysical characterization of protein-polymer conjugates -- Guide to the preparation of molecularly imprinted polymer nanoparticles for protein recognition by solid-phase synthesis -- Armored urease: enzyme-bioconjugated poly(acrylamide) hydrogel as a storage and sensing platform -- Armored enzyme-nanohybrids and their catalytic function under challenging conditions -- Approaches for conjugating tailor-made polymers to proteins -- Nanoarmoring of enzymes by polymer-functionalized iron oxide nanoparticles -- Expression of cellulytic enzyme as a fusion protein that reacts specifically with a polymeric scaffold -- Nanoarmoring of proteins by conjugation to block copolymer micelles -- Semisynthetic enzymes by protein-peptide site-directed covalent conjugation: methods and applications -- Transgultaminase-mediated nanoarmoring of enzymes by PEGylation -- Polymer-based protein engineering: synthesis and characterization of armored, high graft density polymer-protein conjugates -- Nano-armoring of enzymes: rational design of polymer-wrapped enzymes -- Nanoarmored enzymes for organic enzymology: synthesis and characterization of poly(2-alkyloxazoline)-enzyme conjugates -- Preparation and applications of dendronized polymer-enzyme conjugates -- Nanoarmoring of enzymes by interlocking in cellulose fibers with poly(acrylic acid) -- Author index -- Subject Index.

Magneto-controlled enzyme reactions / Paolo Bollella and Evgeny Katz -- Functionalization of multiwalled carbon nanotubes for enzyme immobilization / Ram Sarup Singh and Kanika Chauhan -- Immobilization of enzymes on iron oxide magnetic nanoparticles : synthesis, characterization, kinetics and thermodynamics / Abhijeet B. Muley, Ketan H. Mulchandani, and Rekha S. Singhal -- Strategies to rationalize enzyme immobilization procedures / Diego E. Sastre, Eduardo A. Reis, and Caterina G.C. Marques Netto -- Fibrous polymer functionalized magnetic biocatalysts for improved performance / Veli C. Ozalp, Gulay Bayramoglu, and M. Yakup Arica -- Improvement in biochemical characteristics of cross-linked enzyme aggregates (CLEAs) with magnetic nanoparticles as support matrix / Nithyakalyani Doraiswamy, Mahalakshmi Sarathi, and Gautam Pennathur -- Magnetic bead-based semi-automated phage display panning strategy for the directed evolution of antibodies / Angela Chiew Wen Ch'ng, Zoltán Konthur, and Theam Soon Lim -- On-bead enzyme-catalyzed signal amplification for the high-sensitive detection of disease biomarkers / Wenjiao Fan, Wei Ren, Liping Zhu, and Chenghui Liu -- Organophosphonate functionalized Au/Si@Fe₃O₄ : versatile carrier for enzyme immobilization / Sunaina Kaul, Vishal Singh, Rajat Sandhir, and Nitin Kumar Singhal -- Bioelectrocatalysis at carbon nanotubes / Paolo Bollella and Evgeny Katz -- Molecular wiring of glucose oxidase enzyme with Mn polypyridine complex on MWCNT modified electrode surface and its bio-electrocatalytic oxidation and glucose sensing / Natarajan Saravanan and Annamalai Senthil Kumar -- Use of functionalized carbon nanotubes for the development of robust nanobiocatalysts / Michaela Patila, Nikolaos Chalmpes, Evangelia Dounousi, Haralambos Stamatis, and Dimitrios Gournis -- Biocatalytic hydrogenations on carbon supports / Lisa A. Thompson, Jack S. Rowbotham, Holly A. Reeve, Ceren Zor, Nicole Grobert, and Kylie A. Vincent -- Nano-immobilized cellulases for biomass processing with application in biofuel production / Reinu E. Abraham and Munish Puri -- Few biomedical applications of carbon nanotubes / Neelam Yadav, Manshi Tyagi, Shikha Wadhwa, Ashish Mathur, and Jagriti Narang -- Multiwalled carbon nanotubes bound beta-galactosidase : it's activity, stability and reusability / Maryam Khan and Qayyum Husain -- Exfoliated and water dispersible biocarbon nanotubes for enzymology applications / Ankarao Kalluri, Megan K. Puglia, Mansi Malhotra, and Challa V. Kumar -- Stabilization of phytase on multi-walled carbon nanotubes via covalent immobilization / Mohammad Pooya Naghshbandi and Hamid Moghimi -- A simple magnetic nanoparticle-poly-enzyme nanobead sandwich assay for direct, ultrasensitive DNA detection / Lorico D.S. Lapitan, Jr. and Dejian Zhou -- Enzymes immobilization onto magnetic nanoparticles to improve industrial and environmental applications / Osama M. Darwesh, Sameh S. Ali, Ibrahim A. Matter, Tamer Elsamahy, and Yehia A. Mahmoud.

This book comprehensively documents the application of Nanobiomaterials in the field of bio-medicine and diagnostics technologies by involving classical concepts/examples. Nanobiotechnology is an emerging area which encompasses all the facets of research of nano and biomaterials with their interaction with biological systems. The book summarises design and development of various nanobiomaterials and their composites for diagnostics and therapeutic applications. It skilfully reviews the utilization of the nanomaterials alone or in combination with other bio-molecules as a contrast enhancer in in-vivo imaging, Nano-Theranostics, drug delivery, and sensing transducer matrix. It also discusses the current research on designing of the new Nanobiomaterials and their implementation in numerous fields including bio-medicine and diagnostics. Finally, it summarizes the future prospects and the commercial viability of Nanobiomaterials in the human health care.

Written by an international team of editors and contributors from renowned universities and institutes, this book addresses the latest research in the field of nanobiomaterials, covering nanotechnologies for their fabrication, developments in biomedical applications, and the challenges of biosafety in clinic uses. Clearly structured, the volume defines the scope and classification of the field, resulting in a broad overview from fundamental principles to current technological advances, and from materials synthesis to biomedical applications along with future trends.

This book provides a comprehensive overview of the recent trends in various Nanotechnology-based therapeutics and challenges associated with its development. Nanobiotechnology is an interdisciplinary research that has wide applications in the various fields of biomedical research. The book discusses the various facets of the application of Nanotechnology in drug delivery, clinical diagnostics, Nanomedicine and treatment of infectious and chronic diseases. The book also highlights the recent advancements on important devices and applications that are based on Nanotechnology in medicine and brief the regulatory and ethical issues related to nanomedical devices. It also reviews the toxicological profile of various nanomaterials and emphasizes the need for safe nanomaterials for clinical use. Finally, the book discusses the recent developments of potential commercial applications of Nanotechnology.

[v. 1]. Concepts, applications, and perspectives -- 1 . Biocompatible inorganic devices / Thomas Sawitowski -- 2. Microfluidics meets nano : lab-on-a-chip devices and their potential for nanobiotechnology / Holger Bartos, Friedrich Götz, and Ralf-Peter Peters -- 3. Microcontact printing of proteins / Emmanuel Delamarche -- 4. Cell-nanostructure interactions / Joachim P. Spatz -- 5. Defined networks of neuronal cells in vitro / Andreas Offenhäusser and Angela K. Vogt -- 6. S-Layers / Uwe B. Sleytr ... [et al.] -- 7. Engineered nanopores / Hagan Bayley ... [et al.] -- 8. Genetic approaches to programmed assembly / Stanley Brown -- 9. Microbial nanoparticle production / Murali Sastry ... [et al.] -- 10. Magnetosomes : nanoscale magnetic iron minerals in bacteria / Richard B. Frankel and Dennis A. Bazylinski -- 11. Bacteriorhodopsin and its potential in technical applications / Norbert Hampp and Dieter Oesterhelt -- 12. Polymer Nanocontainers / Alexandra Graff ... [et al.] -- 13. Biomolecular motors operating in engineered environments / Stefan Diez, Jonne H. Helenius, and Jonathon Howard -- 14. Nanoparticle-biomaterial hybrid systems for bioelectronic devices and circuitry / Eugenii Katz and Itamar Willner -- 15. DNA-protein nanostructures / Christof M. Neimeyer -- 16. DNA-templated electronics / Erez Braun and Uri Sivan -- 17. Biomimetic fabrication of DNA-based metallic nanowires and networks / Michael Mertig and Wolfgang Pompe -- 18. Mineralization in nanostructured biocompartments : biomimetic ferritins for high-density data storage / Eric L. Mayes and Stephen Mann -- 19. DNA-gold nanoparticle conjugates / C. Shad Thaxton and Chad A. Mirkin -- 20. DNA nanostructures for mechanics and computing : nonlinear thinking with life's central molecule / Nadrian C. Seeman -- 21. Nanoparticles as non-viral transfection agents / M.N.V. Ravi Kumar, Udo Bakowsky, and Claus-Michael Lehr -- 22. Luminescent quantum dots for biological labeling / Xiaohu Gao and Shuming Nie -- 23. Nanoparticle molecular labels / James F. Hainfeld, Richard D. Powell, and Gerhard W. Hacker -- 24. Surface biology : analysis of biomolecular structure by atomic force microscopy and molecular pulling / Emin Oroudjev, Signe Danielsen and Helen G. Hansma -- 25. Force spectroscopy / Markus Seitz -- 26. Biofunctionalized nanoparticles for surface-enhanced raman scattering and surface plasmon resonance / Mahnaz El-Kouedi and Christine D. Keating -- 27. Bioconjugated silica nanoparticles for bioanalytical applications / Timothy J. Drake, Xiaojun Julia Zhao, and Weihong Tan. -- v. 2. More concepts and applications -- Part I. Self-Assembly and Nanoparticles: Novel Principles -- ch. 1. Self-Assembled Artificial Transmembrane Ion Channels / Mary S. Gin, Emily G. Schmidt and Pinaki Talukdar, p. 1-15 -- ch. 2. Self-Assembling Nanostructures from Coiled-Coil Peptides / Maxim G. Ryadnov and Derek N. Woolfson, p. 17-38 -- ch. 3. Synthesis and Assembly of Nanoparticles and Nanostructures Using Bio-Derived Templates / Erik Dujardin and Stephen Mann, p. 39-63 -- ch. 4. Proteins and Nanoparticles: Covalent and Noncovalent Conjugates / Rochelle R. Arvizo, Mrinmoy De and Vincent M. Rotello, p. 65-78 -- ch. 5. Self-Assembling DNA Nanostructures for Patterned Molecular Assembly / Thomas H. LaBean, Kurt V. Gothelf and John H. Reif, p. 79-97 -- ch. 6. Biocatalytic Growth of Nanoparticles for Sensors and Circuitry / Ronan Baron, Bilha Willner and Itamar Willner, p. 99-121 -- Part II. Nanostructures for Analytics -- ch. 7. Nanoparticles for Electrochemical Bioassays / Joseph Wang, p. 123-140 -- ch. 8. Luminescent Semiconductor Quantum Dots in Biology / Thomas Pons, Aaron R. Clapp, Igor L. Medintz and Hedi Mattoussi, p. 141-157 -- ch. 9. Nanoscale Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance Biosensors / Katherine A. Willets, W. Paige Hall, Leif J. Sherry, Xiaoyu Zhang, Jing Zhao and Richard P. Van Duyne, p. 159-173 -- ch. 10. Cantilever Array Sensors for Bioanalysis and Diagnostics / Hans Peter Lang, Martin Hegner and Christoph Gerber, p. 175-195 -- ch. 11. Shear-Force-Controlled Scanning Ion Conductance Microscopy / Tilman E. Schäffer, Boris Anczykowski, Matthias Böcker and Harald Fuchs, p. 197-212 -- ch. 12. Label-Free Nanowire and Nanotube Biomolecular Sensors for In-Vitro Diagnosis of Cancer and other Diseases / James R. Heath, p. 213-232 -- ch. 13. Bionanoarrays / Rafael A. Vega, Khalid Salaita, Joseph J. Kakkassery and Chad A. Mirkin, p. 233-259 -- Part III. Nanostructures for Medicinal Applications --. ch. 14. Biological Barriers to Nanocarrier-Mediated Delivery of Therapeutic and Imaging Agents, p. 261-284 / Rudy Juliano -- ch. 15. Organic Nanoparticles: Adapting Emerging Techniques from the Electronics Industry for the Generation of Shape-Specific, Functionalized Carriers for Applications in Nanomedicine / Larken E. Euliss, Julie A. DuPont and Joseph M. DeSimone, p. 285-303 -- ch. 16. Poly(amidoamine Dendrimer-Based Multifunctional Nanoparticles / Thommey P. Thomas, Rameshwer Shukla, Istvan J. Majoros, Andrzej Myc and James R. Baker, p. 305-319 -- ch. 17. Nanoparticle Contrast Agents for Molecular Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Young-Wook Jun, Jae-Hyun Lee and Jinwoo Cheon, p. 321-346 -- ch. 18. Micro- and Nanoscale Control of Cellular Environment for Tissue Engineering / Ali Khademhosseini, Yibo Ling, Jeffrey M. Karp and Robert Langer, p. 347-364 -- ch. 19. Diagnostic and Therapeutic Targeted Perfluorocarbon Nanoparticles / Patrick M. Winter, Shelton D. Caruthers, Gregory M. Lanza and Samuel A. Wickline, p. 365-380 -- Part IV. Nanomotors -- ch. 20. Biological Nanomotors / Manfred Schliwa, p. 381-399 -- ch. 21. Biologically Inspired Hybrid Nanodevices / David Wendell, Eric Dy, Jordan Patti and Carlo D. Montemagno, p. 401-418.

Nanobiotechnology Applications in Plant Protection: Volume 2 continues the important and timely discussion of nanotechnology applications in plant protection and pathology, filling a gap in the literature for nano applications in crop protection. Nanobiopesticides and nanobioformulations are examined in detail and presented as powerful alternatives for eco-friendly management of plant pathogens and nematodes. Leading scholars discuss the applications of nanobiomaterials as antimicrobials, plant growth enhancers and plant nutrition management, as well as nanodiagnostic tools in phytopathology and magnetic and supramagnetic nanostructure applications for plant protection. This second volume includes exciting new content on the roles of biologically synthesized nanoparticles in seed germination and zinc-based nanostructures in protecting against toxigenic fungi. Also included is new research in phytotoxicity, nano-scale fertilizers and nanomaterial applications in nematology and discussions on Botyris grey mold and nanobiocontrol. This book also explores the potential effects on the environment, ecosystems and consumers and addresses the implications of intellectual property for nanobiopesticides. Further discussed are nanotoxicity effects on the plant ecosystem and nano-applications for the detection, degradation and removal of pesticides.

Agriculture is considered as a backbone of developing nations as it caters the needs of the people, directly or indirectly. The global agriculture currently faces enormous challenges like land degradation and reduced soil fertility, shrinking of land, low production yield, water accessibility and a dearth of labor due to evacuation of individuals from farming. Besides, the global population increases at an exponential rate and it is predicted that the global population will be 9 billion by 2050 that in turn leads to food crisis in near future. Although, green revolution revolutionizes the agriculture sector by enhancing the yield but it was not considered as a sustainable approach. Exorbitant use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides to boost the crop yield is definitely not a convenient approach for agriculture sustainability in the light of the fact that these chemical fertilizers are considered as double-edged sword, which on one hand enhance the crop yield but at the same time possess deleterious effect on the soil microflora and thus declines its fertility. Besides, it cause irreversible damage to the soil texture and disrupts the equilibrium in the food chain across ecosystem, which might in turn lead to genetic mutations in future generations of consumers. Thus, the increased dependence on fabricated agricultural additives during and post green revolution has generated serious issues pertaining to sustainability, environmental impact and health hazards. Therefore, nano-biotechnology has emerged as a promising tool to tackle the above problems especially in the agriculture sector. Nano-agribusiness is an emerged field to enhance crop yield, rejuvenate soil health, provide precision farming and stimulate plant growth. Nano-biotechnology is an essential tool in modern agriculture and is considered as a primary economic driver in near future. It is evaluated that joining of cutting edge nanotechnology in agribusiness would push the worldwide monetary development to approximately US$ 3.4 trillion by 2020 which clearly indicates that how agri-nanobiotechnology plays a pivotal role in the agricultural sector, without any negative impact on the environment and other regulatory issues of biosafety. Agri-nanobiotechnology is an innovative green technology, which provides the solution to global food security, sustainability and climate change. The current book is presenting the role of nano-biotechnology in modern agriculture and how it plays a pivotal role to boost the agri-business.

With the recent shift of chemical fertilizers and pesticides to organic agriculture, the employment of microbes that perform significant beneficial functions for plants has been highlighted. This book presents timely discussion and coverage on the use of microbial formulations, which range from powdered or charcoal-based to solution and secondary metabolite-based bioformulations. Bioformulation development of biofertilizers and biopesticides coupled with the advantages of nanobiotechnology propose significant applications in the agricultural section including nanobiosensors, nanoherbicides, and smart transport systems for the regulated release of agrochemical. Moreover, the formulation of secondary metabolites against individual phytopathogens could be used irrespective of geographical positions with higher disease incidences. The prospective advantages and uses of nanobiotechnology generate tremendous interest, as it could augment production of agricultural produce while being cost-effective both energetically and economically. This bioformulation approach is incomparable to existing technology, as the bioformulation would explicitly target the particular pathogen without harming the natural microbiome of the ecosystem. Nanobiotechnology in Bioformulations covers the constraints associated with large-scale development and commercialization of bioinoculant formations. Furthermore, exclusive emphasis is be placed on next-generation efficient bioinoculants having secondary metabolite formulations with longer shelf life and advanced competence against several phytopathogens. Valuable chapters deal with bioformulation strategies that use divergent groups of the microbiome and include detailed diagrammatic and pictorial representation. This book will be highly beneficial for both experts and novices in the fields of microbial bioformulation, nanotechnology, and nano-microbiotechnology. It discusses the prevailing status and applications available for microbial researcher s and scientists, agronomists, students, environmentalists, agriculturists, and agribusiness professionals, as well as to anyone devoted to sustaining the ecosystem.

This book focuses on neurodegenerative diseases which have become a major threat to human health. Neurodegenerative diseases are age related disorders and have become increasingly prevalent in the elderly population in recent years. Hence, there is an urgent need to study and develop new strategies and alternative methods for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. This book showcases the promises that nanobiotechnology brings in research, diagnosis, and treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. It is very beneficial for varied group of readers including nanotechnologists, biotechnologists, pharmacists, medical professionals, bioengineers, biochemists and researchers working in this field. Nanobiotechnology in Neurodegenerative Diseases include various chapters including neurodegeneration and neurodegenerative diseases, nanotechnology for the rescue of neurodegenerative diseases, promising potential of nanomaterials for diagnosis and therapy of neurodegenerative diseases, nanotechnology mediated nose-to-brain drug delivery, and formulation and characterization of intranasal nanoparticles of antiretroviral drugs.

High-aspect-ratio gold nanorods : their synthesis and application to image cell-induced strain fields in collagen films / Davin J. Chernak ... [et al.] -- Imaging intracellular quantum dots : fluorescence microscopy and transmission electron microscopy / Craig J. Szymanski ... [et al.] -- Imaging of cell populations in atherosclerosis using quantum dot nanocrystals / Joshua R. Trantum and Ashwath Jayagopal -- Imaging of endothelial progenitor cell subpopulations in angiogenesis using quantum dot nanocrystals / Joshua M. Barnett, John S. Penn, and Ashwath Jayagopal -- Imaging single synaptic vesicles in mammalian central synapses with quantum dots / Qi Zhang -- Quantum dot-based single-molecule microscopy for the study of protein dynamics / Jerry C. Chang and Sandra J. Rosenthal -- Three-dimensional molecular imaging with photothermal optical coherence tomography / Melissa C. Skala ... [et al.] -- Detecting respiratory syncytial virus using nanoparticle-amplified immuno-PCR / Jonas W. Perez ... [et al.] -- Gold nanoparticle-oligonucleotide conjugates for the profiling of malignant melanoma phenotypes / John W. Stone ... [et al.] -- Methods for isolating RNA sequences capable of binding to or mediating the formation of inorganic materials / Carly Jo Carter, Alina Owczarek, and Daniel L. Feldheim -- Single-walled carbon nanotube-mediated small interfering RNA delivery for gastrin-releasing peptide receptor silencing in human neuroblastoma / Jingbo Qiao ... [et al.] -- Amino acid mediated linear assembly of au nanomaterials / Manish Sethi and Marc R. Knecht -- Enzyme-gold nanoparticle bioconjugates : quantification of particle stoichiometry and enzyme specific activity / Jacqueline D. Keighron and Christine D. Keating -- In vivo testing for gold nanoparticle toxicity / Carrie A. Simpson, Brian J. Huffman, and David E. Cliffel -- Methods for studying toxicity of silica-based nanomaterials to Living Cells / Yang Zhao ... [et al.].

This work synthesizes research and practical work, including various techniques and applications of botany and nanoparticles, including enzymology, pharmaceuticals, phenolics, antioxidants, metal particles, synthesis of nanoparticles by plants and microbes, and more. The text discusses the latest research as well as key sources of information condensed from other scholars across the globe, providing a comprehensive resource for scholars working in nanobotany, as well as chemists and researchers in the pharmaceutical industry.

1. Electroanalysis with carbon film-based electrodes -- 2. Carbon nanofibers for electroanalysis -- 3. Carbon nanomaterials for neuroanalytical chemistry -- 4. Carbon and graphene dots for electrochemical sensing -- 5. Electroanalytical applications of graphene -- 6. Graphene/gold nanoparticles for electrochemical sensing -- 7. Recent advances in electrochemical biosensors based on Fullerene-C60 nano-structured platforms -- 8. Micro- and nano-structured diamond in electrochemistry: fabrication and application -- 9. Electroanalysis with C₃N₄ and SiC nanostructures.

This first book on nanocellulose and nanohydrogels for biomedical applications is unique in discussing recent advancements in the field, resulting in a comprehensive, well-structured overview of nanocellulose and nanohydrogel materials based nanocomposites. The book covers different types of nanocellulose materials and their recent developments in the drug delivery and nanomedicine sector, along with synthesis, characterization, as well as applications in the biotechnological and biomedical fields. The book also covers the current status and future perspectives of bacterial cellulose and polyester hydrogel matrices, their preparation, characterization, and tissue engineering applications of water soluble hydrogel matrices obtained from biodegradable sources. In addition, the chitosan-based hydrogel and nanogel matrices, their involvement in the current biofabrication technologies, and influencing factors towards the biomedical sector of biosensors, biopharmaceuticals, tissue engineering appliances, implant materials, diagnostic probes and surgical aids are very well documented. Further, the history of cellulose-based and conducting polymer-based nanohydrogels, their classification, synthesis methods and applicability to different sectors, the challenges associated with their use, recent advances on the inhibitors of apoptosis proteins are also included. The recent developments and applications in the drug delivery sector gives an overview of facts about the nanofibrillated cellulose and copoly(amino acid) hydrogel matrices in the biotechnology and biomedicine field. This book serves as an essential reference for researchers and academics in chemistry, pharmacy, microbiology, materials science and biomedical engineering.

Fundamentals on Nanoelectronics. A Brief History of the Semiconductor Industry / Paolo A Gargini -- More-than-Moore Technologies and Applications / Joachim Pelka, Livio Baldi -- Logic Devices Challenges and Opportunities in the Nano Era / Frédéric Boeuf -- Memory Technologies / Barbara De Salvo, Livio Baldi -- Devices in the Nano Era. Beyond-CMOS Low-Power Devices: Steep-Slope Switches for Computation and Sensing / Adrian M Ionescu -- RF CMOS / Patrick Reynaert, Wouter Steyaert, Marco Vigilante -- Smart Power Devices Nanotechnology / Gaudenzio Meneghesso, Peter Moens, Mikael Östling, Jan Sonsky, Steve Stoffels -- Integrated Sensors and Actuators: Their Nano-Enabled Evolution into the Twenty-First Century / Frederik Ceyssens, Robert Puers -- Advanced Materials and Materials Combinations. Silicon Wafers as a Foundation for Growth / Peter Stallhofer -- Nanoanalysis / Narciso Gambacorti -- Semiconductor Smart Manufacturing. Front-End Processes / Marcello Mariani, Nicolas Possémé -- Lithography for Nanoelectronics / Kurt Ronse -- Reliability of Nanoelectronic Devices / Anthony S Oates, KP Cheung -- Circuit Design in Emerging Nanotechnologies. Logic Synthesis of CMOS Circuits and Beyond / Enrico Macii, Andrea Calimera, Alberto Macii, Massimo Poncino -- System Design in the Cyber-Physical Era / Pierluigi Nuzzo, Alberto Sangiovanni-Vincentelli -- Heterogeneous Systems / Daniel Lapadatu -- Nanotechnologies Testing / Ernesto Sanchez, Matteo Sonza Reorda -- Nanoelectronics-Enabled Sectors and Societal Challenges. Industrial Applications / L Baldi, M Van de Voorde -- Health / Walter De Raedt, Chris Van Hoof -- Smart Energy / Moritz Loske -- Validation of Highly Automated Safe and Secure Vehicles / Michael Paulweber -- Nanotechnology for Consumer Electronics / Hannah M Gramling, Michail E Kiziroglou, Eric M Yeatman -- From Device to Systems. Nanoelectronics for Smart Cities / Joachim Pelka -- Industrialization: Economics/Markets -- Business Values -- European Visions -- Technology Renewal and Extended Functionality. Europe Positioning in Nanoelectronics / Andreas Wild -- Thirty Years of Cooperative Research and Innovation in Europe: The Case for Micro- and Nanoelectronics and Smart Systems Integration / Dirk Beernaert, Eric Fribourg-Blanc -- The Education Challenge in Nanoelectronics / Susanna M Thon, Sean L Evans, Annastasiah Mudiwa Mhaka -- Conclusions / Robert Puers, Livio Baldi, Marcel Van de Voorde.

This book assesses the current challenges and opportunities for the next generation of agriculture and food science. Examining the role of nanotechnology and the application of related tools and techniques to transform the future of food, it also discusses in detail nanotechnology in food production, processing and packaging, as well as the benefits of and concerns regarding nanofoods (nanotoxicity and food forensics). Considering the potential of IoT to revolutionize agriculture and the food industry by radically reducing costs and improving productivity and profits, the book highlights the necessity of integrating IoT and nanotechnology into the next generation of agriculture and food science. Further, it presents a detailed analysis of IoNT implementation, together with the goals that have to be met in order to achieve significant improvements in the agri-food sector. In addition it explores a range of challenges, risks, and concerns that have a direct or indirect impact on nanotechnology and IoNT implementation in agriculture and the food industry. In closing, it discusses the use of green nanotechnology and green IoNT in order to create smart, safe, and sustainable agriculture and healthy food.

Introduction : nanoimaging techniques in biology / Alioscka A. Sousa and Michael J. Kruhlak -- Live-cell imaging of vesicle trafficking and divalent metal ions by total internal reflection fluorescence (TIRF) microscopy / Merewyn K. Loder, Takashi Tsuboi, and Guy A. Rutter -- 4Pi microscopy / Roman Schmidt, Johann Engelhardt, and Marion Lang -- Fluorescence in situ hybridization applications for super-resolution 3D structured illumination microscopy / Yolanda Markaki [and others] -- Two-color STED imaging of synapses in living brain slices / Jan Tonnesen and U. Valentin Nagerl -- Super-resolution imaging by localization microscopy / Dylan M. Owen [and others] -- High-content super-resolution imaging of live cell by uPAINT / Gregory Giannone [and others] -- Super-resolution fluorescence imaging with blink microscopy / Christian Steinhauer, Michelle S. Itano, and Philip Tinnefeld -- Photoswitchable fluorophores for single-molecule localization microscopy / Kieran Finan, Benjamin Flottmann, and Mike Heilemann -- Single-molecule tracking of mRNA in living cells / Mai Yamagishi, Yoshitaka Shirasaki, and Takashi Funatsu -- Semiautomatic, high-throughput, high-resolution protocol for three-dimensional reconstruction of single particles in electron microscopy / Carlos Oscar Sorzano [and others] -- Mass mapping of amyloid fibrils in the electron microscope using STEM imaging / Alioscka A. Sousa and Richard D. Leapman -- Elemental mapping by electron energy loss spectroscopy in biology / Maria A. Aronova and Richard D. Leapman -- Cellular nanoimaging by cryo electron tomography / Roman I. Koning and Abraham J. Koster -- Large-volume reconstruction of brain tissue from high-resolution serial section images acquired by SEM-based scanning transmission electron microscopy / Masaaki Kuwajima, John M. Mendenhall, and Kristen M. Harris -- 3D imaging of cells and tissues by focused ion beam/ scanning electron microscopy (FIB/SEM) / Damjana Drobne -- Preparation of gold nanocluster bioconjugates for electron microscopy / Christine L. Heinecke and Christopher J. Ackerson -- Atomic force microscopy imaging of macromolecular complexes / Sergio Santos, Daniel Billingsley, and Neil Thomson -- Imaging of transmembrane proteins directly incorporated within supported lipid bilayers using atomic force microscopy / Daniel Levy and Pierre-Emmanuel Milhiet -- Functional AFM imaging of cellular membranes using functionalized tips / Lilia A. Chtcheglova and Peter Hinterdorfer -- Near-field scanning optical microscopy for high-resolution membrane studies / Heath A. Huckabay [and others] -- Correlative fluorescence and EFTEM imaging of the organized components of the mammalian nucleus / Michael J. Kruhlak -- High data output method for 3-D correlative light-electron microscopy using ultrathin cryosections / Katia Cortese [and others] -- Correlative optical and scanning probe microscopies for mapping interactions at membranes / Christopher M. Yip -- Nanoimaging cells using soft x-ray tomography / Dilworth Y. Parkinson [and others] -- Secondary ion mass spectrometry imaging of biological membranes at high spatial resolution / Haley A. Klitzing, Peter K. Weber, and Mary L. Kraft.

Presence in, and release of, nanomaterials from consumer products / Yu Yang and Paul Westerhoff -- Nanoparticle aggregation: principles and modeling / Wen Zhang -- Influences of nanomaterials on the barrier function of epithelial cells / Shariq Ali and Erik Rytting -- Engineered nanoparticles induced brush border disruption in a human model of the intestinal epithelium / James J. Faust, Benjamin M. Masserano, Adam H. Mielke, Anup Abraham, and David G. Capco -- Nanoparticles: cellular uptake and cytotoxicity / Isaac M. Adjei, Blanka Sharma and Vinod Labhasetwar -- Atomic force microscopy study of the interaction of DNA and nanoparticles / Kungang LI, Songyan Du, Steven Van Ginkel, and Yongsheng Chen -- Intracellular signal modulation by nanomaterials / Salik Hussain, Stavros Garantziotis, Fernando Rodrigues-Lima, Jean-Marie Dupret, Armelle Baeza-Squiban, Sonja Boland -- Nanomaterials: impacts on cells and cell organelles / Željka Krpetić, Sergio Anguissola, David Garry, Philip Kelly and Kenneth A. Dawson -- Design, synthesis, and functionalization of nanoparticles for therapeutic drug delivery / Taraka Sai Pavan Grandhi and Kaushal Rege -- Preparation of nanoscale pulmonary drug delivery formulations by spray drying / Adam Bohr, Christian A. Ruge, and Moritz Beck-Broichsitter -- Nanomedicine: the promise and challenges in cancer chemotherapy / Youssef W. Naguib and Zhengrong Cui -- Transgenerational effects of NMs / Anna Poma, Sabrina Colafarina, Gabriella Fontecchio, and Giuseppe Chichiricco -- Stem cells and nanomaterials / Maria-Claude Hofmann.

This book comprehensively reviews the recent advances in nanomaterial-based molecular imaging, diagnostics, and personalized therapy. It discusses the novel biocompatible fluorescent nanomaterials, their synthesis, and modern state of art characterization, as well as the various strategies for immobilization of biomacromolecules on the nanomaterial surface and approaches for increasing their stability. In addition, the book describes the synthesis of lectin nanoconjugates using different types of biocompatible raw materials and their systematic characterization. Lastly, it presents our current understanding of the biomolecular carona, which affects nanoparticle-based targeted drug delivery, and examines the conceptual approaches to improve the in-vivo efficacy of targeted drug delivery.

The range of nanomaterial applications has expanded recently from catalysis, electronics, and filtration to therapeutics, diagnostics, agriculture, and food because of the unique properties and potentials of different nanoparticles and nanomaterials. Research shows that these exquisite particles can interact with an organism at the cellular, physiological, biochemical, and molecular levels. Our knowledge, however, of how they affect these changes, selectively or generally, in diverse organisms or ecosystems is very limited and far from satisfactory. Data indicate that the biological function largely depends on the shape, size, and surface characteristics of the nanoparticles used along with life cycle stages of an organism. This book focuses on the body of work carried out by distinguished investigators using diverse nanomaterials in both plant and animal species. It includes specific case studies as well as general reviews highlighting aspects of multilayered interactions. This volume provides a comprehensive resource for academic scholars, as well as for researchers in the concerned industries and policy makers.

Preparation of 2 nm gold nanoparticles for in vitro and in vivo applications / Daniel F. Moyano, Bradley Duncan, and Vincent M. Rotello -- DNA conjugation to nanoparticles / Sunho Park -- Conjugation of nanoparticles to proteins / Marie-Eve Aubin-Tam -- Water-solubilization and functionalization of semiconductor quantum dots / Christina M. Tyrakowski, Adela Isovic, and Preston T. Snee -- Synthesizing and modifying peptides for chemoselective ligation and assembly into quantum dot-peptide bioconjugates / W. Russ Algar ... [et al.] -- Reliable methods for silica coating of au nanoparticles / Isabel Pastoriza-Santos and Luis M. Liz-Marzán -- Surface modifications by polymers for biomolecule conjugation / Laura Sola ... [et al.] -- Functionalization protocols of silicon micro/nano- mechanical biosensors / Francesca Frascella and Carlo Ricciardi -- Stability and aggregation assays of nanoparticles in biological media / James Chen Yong Kah -- Electrochemical measurements of DNA melting on surfaces / Irina Belozerova, Dongbiao Ge, and Rastislav Levicky -- Formation and characterization of the nanoparticle-protein corona / Marco P. Monopoli ... [et al.] -- Electrophoretic implementation of the solution-depletion method for measuring protein adsorption, adsorption kinetics, and adsorption competition among multiple proteins in solution / Hyeran Noh ... [et al.] -- Hyperspectral microscopy for characterization of gold nanoparticles in biological media and cells for toxicity assessment / Christin Grabinski, John Schlager, and Saber Hussain -- Immunocytochemistry, electron tomography, and energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDXS) on cryosections of human cancer cells doped with stimuli responsive polymeric nanogels loaded with iron oxide nanoparticles / Roberto Marotta ... [et al.] -- Zwitterion siloxane to passivate silica against nonspecific protein adsorption / Zaki G. Estephan and Joseph B. Schlenoff -- Preparation and characterization of DNA block copolymer assemblies loaded with nanoparticles / Xi-Jun Chen, Robert J. Hickey, and So-Jung Park -- Polyaspartic acid coated iron oxide nanoprobes for PET/MRI imaging / Taku Cowger and Jin Xie -- Ligand synthesis and passivation for silver and large gold nanoparticles for single-particle-based sensing and spectroscopy / Daniel Montiel ... [et al.] -- Noncovalent intracellular drug delivery of hydrophobic drugs on au NPs / Tennyson Doane and Clemens Burda -- Modification of carbon nanotubes for gene delivery vectors / Victor Ramos-Perez ... [et al.] -- Lipid-based nanoparticles as nonviral gene delivery vectors / Daniele Pezzoli ... [et al.] -- Stabilizing gold nanoparticle bioconjugates in physiological conditions by PEGylation / Joan Comenge and Víctor F. Puntes.

The environment is prone to suffer pollution and toxic insult from generations of nanomaterials as well from accidental releases during production, transportation, and disposal operations. The NMs could interact with and cause adverse biological effects at cellular, subcellular, and molecular levels. Assessing potential environmental/ecological risks requires quality information on transport and fate of nanoparticles in the environment, exposures and vulnerabilities of organisms to the nanomaterials and standard methods for assessing toxicity for aquatic or terrestrial organisms and human health. The systematic risk characterization and evaluation of the safety of nanomaterials require a multidisciplinary approach and convergence of knowledge and efforts from researchers and experts from toxicology, biotechnology, materials science, chemistry, physics, engineering, and other branches of life sciences. Although studies are beginning to appear in the literature addressing the toxicity of various nanomaterials and their potential for exposure, at this stage definitive statements regarding the impacts of nanomaterials on human health and the environment remain sketchy requiring an increased level of precautions with regard to nanomaterials, as has happened with other emerging contaminants and technologies (e.g., biotechnology). The need for an increased level of understanding the perception of risk and of benefits will vary and is likely to influence public, regulatory, and non-governmental activities regarding risk and benefit evaluations. Systematic identification and assessment of the risks posed by any new technology are essential. A prudent, integrated, and holistic approach is required to develop best practices based on the scientific understanding about what we know and what we don?t know but need to know. Nanomaterials addresses key issues of ecotoxicological actions and effects of nanomaterials on life and environment, their threats, vulnerability, risks, and public perception. The readers learn to read bad news objectively and think about and search for ecological?green? solutions to current environmental and ecological problems with blue, grey, brown, and red shades for building a sustainable ecosystem. It shows how this molecular terrain is a common ground for interdisciplinary research and education that will be an essential component of science, engineering and technology in the future. The book is divided into three sections. Section I includes general topics related to ecotoxicity of nanomaterials to microbes, plants, human and environment. Section 2 incorporates risks generated by the use of nanomaterials. Section 3 discusss safety issues and the public.

Nanotechnology is considered as one of the emerging fields of science. It has applications in different biological and technological fields which deal with the science of materials at nanoscale (10-9). On the other hand, biotechnology is another field that deals with contemporary challenges. Nanobiotechnology fills the gap between these two fields. It merges physical, chemical, and biological principles in a single realm. This combination opens up new possibilities. At nanoscale dimensions, it creates precise nanocrystals and nanoshells. Integrated nanomaterials are used with modified surface layers for compatibility with living systems, improved dissolution in water, or biorecognition leading to enhanced end results in biotechnological systems. These nanoparticles can also be hybridized with additional biocompatible substances in order to amend their qualities to inculcate novel utilities. Nanobiotechnology is used in bioconjugate chemistry by coalescing up the functionality of non-organically obtained molecular components and biological molecules in order to veil the immunogenic moieties for targeted drug delivery, bioimaging and biosensing. This book blends the science of biology, medicine, bioinorganic chemistry, bioorganic chemistry, material and physical sciences, biomedical engineering, electrical, mechanical, and chemical science to present a comprehensive range of advancements. The development of nano-based materials has made for a greater understanding of their characterization, using techniques such as transmission electron microscope, FTIR, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope EDX, and so on. This volume also highlights uses in environmental remediation, environmental biosensors and environmental protection. It also emphasizes the significance of nanobiotechnology to a series of medical applications viz., diagnostics, and therapeutics stem cell technology, tissue engineering enzyme engineering, drug development and delivery. In addition this book also offers a distinctive understanding of nanobiotechnology from researchers and educators and gives a comprehensive facility for future developments and current applications of nanobiotechnology.

This book discusses the latest developments in plant-mediated fabrication of metal and metal-oxide nanoparticles, and their characterization by using a variety of modern techniques. It explores in detail the application of nanoparticles in drug delivery, cancer treatment, catalysis, and as antimicrobial agent, antioxidant and the promoter of plant production and protection. Application of these nanoparticles in plant systems has started only recently and information is still scanty about their possible effects on plant growth and development. Accumulation and translocation of nanoparticles in plants, and the consequent growth response and stress modulation are not well understood. Plants exposed to these particles exhibit both positive and negative effects, depending on the concentration, size, and shape of the nanoparticles. The impact on plant growth and yield is often positive at lower concentrations and negative at higher ones. Exposure to some nanoparticles may improve the free-radical scavenging potential and antioxidant enzymatic activities in plants and alter the micro-RNAs expression that regulate the different morphological, physiological and metabolic processes in plant system, leading to improved plant growth and yields. The nanoparticles also carry out genetic reforms by efficient transfer of DNA or complete plastid genome into the respective plant genome due to their miniscule size and improved site-specific penetration. Moreover, controlled application of nanomaterials in the form of nanofertilizer offers a more synchronized nutrient fluidity with the uptake by the plant exposed, ensuring an increased nutrient availability. This book addresses these issues and many more. It covers fabrication of different/specific nanomaterials and their wide-range application in agriculture sector, encompassing the controlled release of nutrients, nutrient-use efficiency, genetic exchange, production of secondary metabolites, defence mechanisms, and the growth and productivity of plants exposed to different manufactured nanomaterials. The role of nanofertilizers and nano-biosensors for improving plant production and protection and the possible toxicities caused by certain nanomaterials, the aspects that are little explored by now, have also been generously elucidated.

As renewable energy sources, biofuels have tremendous potential to replace fossil fuels in future energy scenarios, offering green alternative energy sources. However, though such fuels could mean a significant reduction in environmental pollution, they are still far from practical implementation due to their high production costs and technical issues. Consequently, efforts are being made around the globe to achieve the cost-effective production of biofuels. In this context, the use of nanomaterials to improve biofuels production efficiency is a vital, emerging area. Nanomaterials are attracting attention due to their versatile physicochemical properties and may improve the production process for various biofuels by acting as catalysts. However, this area is still in its infancy. To improve the practical viability of the biofuels production process, it is essential to focus on the specific type of nanomaterial used, its synthesis, and its specific effects on the process parameters. This book explores the potential advantages and feasibility of various aspects of nanomaterials with regard to improving the current biofuels production process, making it a valuable resource for a broad readership.

Part I: Biomedical nanomaterials -- Nanoemulsions : preparation, stability and application in biosciences / Thomas Delmas, Nicolas Atrux-Tallau, Mathieu Goutayer [and others] -- Multifunctional polymeric nanostructures for therapy and diagnosis / Angel Contreras-García, Emilio Bucio -- Carbon nanotubes : nanotoxicity testing and bioapplications / R. Sharma, S. Kwon -- Part II: Advanced nanomedicine -- Discrete metalla-assemblies as drug delivery vectors / Bruno Therrien -- Nanomaterials for management of lung disorders and drug delivery / Jyothi U. Menon, Aniket Wadajkar, Zhiwei Xie [and others] -- Nano-sized calcium phosphate (CaP) carriers for non-viral gene/drug delivery / Donghyun Lee, Geunseon Ahn, Prashant N. Kumta -- Part III: Nanotheragnostics -- Organics modified mesoporous silica for controlled drug delivery systems / Jingke Fu, Yang Zhao, Yingchun Zhu [and others] -- Responsive polymer-inorganic hybrid nanogels for optical sensing, imaging, and drug delivery / Weitai Wu, Shuiquin Zhou -- Core/shell nanoparticles for drug delivery and diagnosis / Hwanbum Lee, Jae Yeon Kim, Eun Hee Lee [and others] -- Dendrimer nanoparticles and their applications in biomedicine / Arghya Paul, Wei Shao, Tom J. Burdon [and others] -- Theranostic nanoparticles for cancer imaging and therapy / Mami Murakami, Mark J. Ernsting [and others] -- Part IV: Nanoscaffolds technology -- Nanostructure polymers in function generating substitute and organ transplants / S.K. Shulka -- Electrospun nanofiber for three dimensional cell culture / Yashpal Sharma, Ashutosh Tiwari, Hisatoshi Kobayashi [and others] -- Magnetic nanoparticles in tissue regeneration / Anuj Tripathi, Jose Savio Melo, Stanislaus Francis D'Souza -- Core-sheath fibers for regenerative medecine / Rajesh Vasita, Fabrizio Gelain.

v. 1. Basic capabilities

Nanotechnology is opening up new avenues in all scientific and technological fields. Among the novel applications, bioactives and nutraceuticals are fast-growing areas of nano research for better healthcare solutions. A variety of nanoformulations, such as polymeric nanoparticles, nanocapsules, nanoemulsions, transferosomes and ethosomes, liposomes, lipospheres, and lipid polymer hybrid nanoparticles have proved valuable in bioactive delivery and food materials. Further, new herbal drugs and nutraceuticals are reported to have remarkable advantages over conventional formulations of plant actives and extracts, including enhanced solubility, bioavailability, multiple drug delivery, greater stability, sustained delivery, improved tissue macrophage distribution, protection from toxicity, enhancement of pharmacological activity and protection from physical and chemical degradation. This book focuses on the advanced nanomaterials that are utilized for the encapsulation of nutrients/vitamin/phytoconstituents, as well as their other healthcare benefits.

Nanomedicine -- High-technology therapy using biomolecules or synthetic compounds for hiv inhibition -- Emerging nanomedicine approaches for osteochondral tissue regeneration -- Synthesis of poly(methacrylate) encapsulated magnetite nanoparticles via phosphonic acid anchoring chemistry and its applications toward biomedicine -- Potentiometric PVC membrane sensors and their analytical applications in pharmaceuticals and environmental samples at micro- and nano-level -- Bioceramics: silica-based organic-inorganic hybrid materials for medical applications -- Recent advances of multifunctional nanomedicines -- Nanomedicinal approaches for diabetes management -- Polymeric nanofibers in regenerative medicine -- Drug delivery and therapeutics -- Multifunctional nano/micro polymer capsules as potential drug delivery and imaging agents -- Nanophosphors-nanogold immunoconjugates in isolation of biomembranes and in drug delivery -- Cyclodextrin-based nanoengineered drug delivery system -- Medicinal patches and drug nanoencapsulation: a noninvasive alternative -- Dendrimers: a class of polymer in the nanotechnology for drug delivery -- Designing nanocarriers for drug delivery -- Multifunctional polymeric micelles for drug delivery and therapeutics -- Nanoparticles-based carriers for gene therapy and drug delivery.

Fundamentals of immunology and inflammation / Michael E. Woods -- Principles of nanomedicine / Wilson S. Meng and Jelena M. Janjic -- Nanotoxicity / Angie S. Morris and Aliasger K. Salem -- Translational nanomedicine / Lara Milane -- Inflammatory bowel disease -- Multiple sclerosis -- Asthma -- Neurodegenerative disease / Neha N. Parayath, Grishma Pawar, Charul Avachat, Marcel Menon Miyake, Benjamin Bleier, and Mansoor Amiji -- Cancer / Lara Milane -- Diabetes / Antonio J Ribeiro, Marlene Lopes, Raquel Monteiro, Gaia Cilloni, Francisco Veiga, Pharm.D; P. Arnaud.

This book provides an overview of the current applications of nanomaterials in brain diseases, and introduces several novel nanomaterials that have excellent potential in this field. During the last two decades, nanotechnology had matured significantly as it has transitioned from a bench-top science to an applied technology. However, the application of nanomaterials in basic and clinical neuroscience is still at an early stage, and understanding how the intrinsic properties of nanomaterials translate to complex biological responses is an area of intensive research. Part 1 of the book focuses on the principles and strategies of nanomedicine in the brain diseases, while part 2 examines the applications of promising nanomaterials for therapy and diagnosis in the brain. Together they offer a comprehensive picture of advances in nanotechnology and their successful use in treating brain diseases in the past 20 years.

"This book is the first in a series compiling highly cited articles in nanomedicine recently. The series is edited by Lajos P. Balogh, a prominent nanotechnology researcher and journal editor. The first book content is about nanotechnology in cancer research. It also includes a wide variety of must-know topics that will appeal to any researcher involved in nanomedicine, macromolecular science, cancer therapy, and drug delivery research. These 31 articles collected here have already acquired more than 3500 citations (i.e., over a hundred on average), highlighting the importance and recognized professional interest of the scientists working in this field. "--Provided by publisher.

'Nanoneuroprotection and Nanoneurotoxicology,' Volume 245 of the Progress in Brain Research series, deals with recent developments in the field of neurotoxicity and neuroprotection using nanobiotechnology for the first time. Chapters in this updated release include Sleep deprivation induced brain pathology and concussive head trauma-Neuroprotective effects of nanowired delivery of drugs and hormones, Nanomedicine in Alzheimer’s Disease: amyloid beta targeting strategy, How traumatic brain injury alters amino acids balance in the central nervous system-Neuroprotection by TiO2 nanowired delivery of drugs and antibodies, Nanowired delivery of DL-3-n-butylphthalide and neuroprotection in concussive head injury, Nanodelivery of drugs and antibodies for superior neuroprotection in Alzheimer’s disease, and more. Key Features: Highlights recent development in nanopharmacetical research with reference to brain disease; Provides new insights on the possible role of nanomaterials and their pronounced effects on CNS injury or repair. Readership: Researchers and students of neuroscience, psychology, and the biological sciences interested in nanoneuroprotection and nanoneurotoxicology. -- Provided by publisher.

Nanoparticles and the Immune System provides a reference text for toxicologists, materials scientists and regulators and covers the key issues of interaction of nanomaterials with the immune system. The book discusses several issues that toxicologists and regulators need to know: identification of endpoints that are relevant for assessing hazard, evaluating impact on immunologically frail populations, and how to evaluate chronic/cumulative effects. In addition, the book addresses the possibility of turning the immunomodulating properties of certain nanomaterials to our advantage.

Nanotechnology is expected to bring revolutionary changes in a variety of fields. This volume describes nanoparticles and their biomedical applications, and covers metal nanoparticles, metal oxide nanoparticles, rare earth based nanoparticles and graphene oxide nanoparticles. It elaborates on a number of biomedical applications, including therapeutic applications. It addresses the topic of green synthesis, in view of increasing health and environmental concerns.

"This book introduces nanoparticles as a powerful platform for vaccine design. Current challenges in vaccine development are discussed and the unique advantages nanoparticles provide in overcoming these challenges are explored. The authors offer fascinating insights into the immunological assets of using nanoparticles as delivery vehicles or adjuvants and present different materials that are being used in nanoparticle-based vaccine development, covering peptides, proteins, polymers, virus-like particles, and liposomes. Its contemporary research insights and practical examples for applications make this volume an inspiring read for researchers and clinicians in vaccinology and immunology. Chapter "Liposome Formulations as Adjuvants for Vaccines" is available open access under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License via link.springer.com."--Publisher's description.

This book describes the medical applications of inorganic nanoparticles. Nanomedicine is a relatively advanced field, which enhances the treatment of various diseases, offering new options for overcoming the problems associated with the use of conventional medicines. Discussing the toxicological and safety aspects associated with medical applications of nanoparticles, the book presents the latest research on topics such as emerging nanomaterials for cancer therapy, applications of nanoparticles in dentistry, and fluoride nanoparticles for biomedical applications, and also includes chapters on the use of nanoparticles such as silver and gold. .

This book summarizes the latest advances in nanophotonics for biomedical applications, including biomolecular sensing and imaging, additive fabrications, and biophotonics. The engineering of nanophotonics will have significant impacts on the life sciences and medicine alike. Given its scope, the book offers a valuable asset for researchers, scientists, engineers, and graduate students in the fields of biomedical engineering, electrical engineering, materials sciences, optics, biology, and medicine.

Nanoscale Fabrication, Optimization, Scale-up and Biological Aspects of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology focuses on the fabrication, optimization, scale-up and biological aspects of pharmaceutical nanotechnology. In particular, the following aspects of nanoparticle preparation methods are discussed: the need for less toxic reagents, simplification of the procedure to allow economic scale-up, and optimization to improve yield and entrapment efficiency. Written by a diverse range of international researchers, the chapters examine characterization and manufacturing of nanomaterials for pharmaceutical applications. Regulatory and policy aspects are also discussed. This book is a valuable reference resource for researchers in both academia and the pharmaceutical industry who want to learn more about how nanomaterials can best be utilized.

High-Resolution Atomic Force Microscopy Imaging of Nucleic Acids / Pablo Ares, Julio Gomez-Herrero, Fernando Moreno-Herrero, pages 3-17 -- Two Ligand Binding Sites in Serotonin Transporter Revealed by Nanopharmacological Force Sensing / Rong Zhu, Hermann J. Gruber, Peter Hinterdorfer, pages 19-33 -- AFM-Based Single-Molecule Force Spectroscopy of Proteins Zackary N. Scholl, Piotr E. Marszalek / pages 35-47 -- High-Resolution AFM-Based Force Spectroscopy / Krishna P. Sigdel, Anna E. Pittman, Tina R. Matin, Gavin M. King, pages 49-62 -- Polymer Nanoarray Approach for the Characterization of Biomolecular Interactions Sibaprasad Maity, Ekaterina Viazovkina, Alexander Gall, Yuri L. Lyubchenko, pages 63-74 -- Measuring Single-Molecule Twist and Torque in Multiplexed Magnetic Tweezers / Franziska Kriegel, Willem Vanderlinden, Thomas Nicolaus, Angelika Kardinal, Jan Lipfert, pages 75-98 -- AFM-Based Characterization of Electrical Properties of Materials / John Alexander, Sergey Belikov, Sergei Magonov, pages 99-127 -- Supported Lipid Bilayers for Atomic Force Microscopy Studies Zhengjian Lv, Siddhartha Banerjee, Karen Zagorski, Yuri L. Lyubchenko, pages 129-143 -- Quantifying Small Molecule Binding Interactions with DNA Nanostructures / Xuye Lang, Yingning Gao, Ian Wheeldon, pages 145-155 -- Optimum Substrates for Imaging Biological Molecules with High-Speed Atomic Force Microscopy /Takayuki Uchihashi, Hiroki Watanabe, Noriyuki Kodera, pages 159-179 -- High-Resolution and High-Speed Atomic Force Microscope Imaging / Francesca Zuttion, Lorena Redondo-Morata, Arin Marchesi, Ignacio Casuso, pages 181-200 -- High-Speed Atomic Force Microscopy of Individual Amyloidogenic Protein Assemblies / Takahiro Watanabe-Nakayama, Kenjiro Ono, pages 201-212 -- Direct Observation of Dynamic Movement of DNA Molecules in DNA Origami Imaged Using High-Speed AFM / Masayuki Endo, Hiroshi Sugiyama, pages 213-224 -- Assembly of Centromere Chromatin for Characterization by High-Speed Time-Lapse Atomic Force Microscopy Micah P. Stumme-Diers, Siddhartha Banerjee, Zhiqiang Sun, Yuri L. Lyubchenko, pages 225-242 -- High-Speed Force Spectroscopy for Single Protein Unfolding / Fidan Sumbul, Arin Marchesi, Hirohide Takahashi, Simon Scheuring, Felix Rico, pages 243-264 -- Probing RNA–Protein Interactions with Single-Molecule Pull-Down Assays / Mohamed Fareh, Chirlmin Joo, pages 267-285 -- Preparing Frozen-Hydrated Protein–Nucleic Acid Assemblies for High-Resolution Cryo-EM Imaging Panchali Goswami, Julia Locke, Alessandro Costa, pages 287-296 -- Probing Chromatin Structure with Magnetic Tweezers / Artur Kaczmarczyk, Thomas B. Brouwer, Chi Pham, Nynke H. Dekker, John van Noort, pages 297-323 -- Single-Molecule and Ensemble Methods to Probe Initial Stages of RNP Granule Assembly / Jaya Sarkar, Sua Myong, pages 325-338 -- Correlative Atomic Force and Single-Molecule Fluorescence Microscopy of Nucleoprotein Complexes / Herlinde De Keersmaecker, Wout Frederickx, Yasuhiko Fujita, Steven De Feyter, Hiroshi Uji-i, Susana Rocha ... et al., pages 339-359 -- Sensing the Ultrastructure of Bacterial Surfaces and Their Molecular Binding Forces Using AFM Yoo Jin Oh, Peter Hinterdorfer, pages 363-372 -- Nanoscale Visualization of Bacterial Microcompartments Using Atomic Force Microscopy / Jorge Rodriguez-Ramos, Matthew Faulkner, Lu-Ning Liu, pages 373-383 -- Time-Resolved Imaging of Bacterial Surfaces Using Atomic Force Microscopy / Haig Alexander Eskandarian, Adrian Pascal Nievergelt, Georg Ernest Fantner pages 385-402 -- Probing Bacterial Adhesion at the Single-Molecule and Single-Cell Levels by AFM-Based Force Spectroscopy / Sofiane El-Kirat-Chatel, Audrey Beaussart, pages 403-414 -- Fluorescence Correlation Spectroscopy on Genomic DNA in Living Cells / Cameron Hodges, Jens-Christian Meiners, pages 415-424 -- Three-Dimensional Tracking of Quantum Dot-Conjugated Molecules in Living Cells / Lucia Gardini, Martino Calamai, Hiroyasu Hatakeyama, Makoto Kanzaki, Marco Capitanio, Francesco Saverio Pavone, pages 425-448 -- AFM Indentation Analysis of Cells to Study Cell Mechanics and Pericellular Coat / Igor Sokolov, Maxim E. Dokukin, pages 449-468 -- Imaging of Soft and Biological Samples Using AFM Ringing Mode / Igor Sokolov, Maxim E. Dokukin, pages 469-482 -- Probing Single Virus Binding Sites on Living Mammalian Cells Using AFM / Martin Delguste, Melanie Koehler, David Alsteens, pages 483-514 -- Applications of Atomic Force Microscopy for Adhesion Force Measurements in Mechanotransduction / Andreea Trache, Leike Xie, Huang Huang, Vladislav V. Glinsky, Gerald A. Meininger, pages 515-528 -- Methods for Atomic Force Microscopy of Biological and Living Specimens / Simone Dinarelli, Marco Girasole, Giovanni Longo, pages 529-539 -- Single Molecule Imaging in Live Embryos Using Lattice Light-Sheet Microscopy / Mustafa Mir, Armando Reimer, Michael Stadler, Astou Tangara, Anders S. Hansen, Dirk Hockemeyer ... et al., pages 541-559 -- Silver Filler Pre-embedding to Enhance Resolution and Contrast in Multidimensional SEM: A Nanoscale Imaging Study on Liver Tissue / Gerald J. Shami, Delfine Cheng, Filip Braet, pages 561-576 -- Nanoscale Dynamics and Energetics of Proteins and Protein-Nucleic Acid Complexes in Classical Molecular Dynamics Simulations / Suresh Gorle, Lela Vuković, pages 579-592.

This book presents a blueprint for researchers in the area of nanotechnology for chemical defense, especially with regard to future research on detection and protection. It addresses the synthesis of complex nanomaterials with potential applications in a broad range of sensing systems. Above all, it discusses novel experimental and theoretical tools for characterizing and modeling nanostructures and their integration in complex systems. The book also includes electronic structure calculations exploring the atomic and quantum mechanical mechanisms behind molecular binding and identification, so as to provide readers with an in-depth understanding of the capabilities and limitations of various nanomaterial approaches. Gathering contributions by scientists with diverse backgrounds, the book offers a wealth of insightful information for all scientists whose work involves material science and its applications in sensing.

Unique in combining the expertise of practitioners from university hospitals and that of academic researchers, this timely monograph presents selected topics catering specifically to the needs and interests of natural scientists and engineers as well as physicians who are concerned with developing nanotechnology-based treatments to improve human health. To this end, the book cover the materials aspects of nanomedicine, such as the hierarchical structure of biological materials, the imaging of hard and soft tissues and, in particular, concrete examples of nanotechnology-based approaches in modern medical treatments. The whole is rounded off by a discussion of the opportunities and risks of using nanotechnology and nanomaterials in medicine, backed by case studies taken from real life.

This book discusses the ability of nanomaterials to protect crop-plant and animal health, increase production, and enhance the quality of food and other agricultural products. It explores the use of targeted delivery and slow- release agrochemicals to reduce the damage to non-target organisms and the quantity released into the soil and water, as well as nanotechnology-derived tools in the field of plant and animal genetic improvement. It also addresses future applications of nanotechnology in sustainable agriculture and the legislative regulation and safety evaluation of nanomaterials. The book highlights the recent advances made in nanotechnology and its contribution towards an eco-friendly approach in agriculture.

In the pursuit of technological advancement in the field of biotechnology and pharmaceutical industries to counteract health issues, bacterial infections remain a major cause of morbidity and mortality. The ability of bacterial pathogens to form biofilms further agglomerates the situation by showing resistance to conventional antibiotics. To overcome this serious issue, bioactive metabolites and other natural products were exploited to combat bacterial infections and biofilm-related health consequences. Natural products exhibited promising results in vitro, however; their efficacy in in vivo conditions remain obscured due to their low-solubility, bioavailability, and biocompatibility issues. In this scenario, nanotechnological interventions provide a multifaceted platform for targeted delivery of bioactive compounds by slow and sustained release of drug-like compounds. The unique physico-chemical properties, biocompatibility and eco-friendly nature of bioinspired nanostructures has revolutionized the field of biology to eradicate microbial infections and biofilm-related complications. The green-nanotechnology based metal and metal oxide nanoparticles and polymeric nanoparticles have been regularly employed for antimicrobial and antibiofilm applications without causing damage to host tissues. The implications of these nanoparticles toward achieving sustainability in agriculture by providing systemic resistance against a variety of phytopathogens therefore plays crucial role in growth and crop productivity. Also the advent of smart and hybrid nanomaterials such as metal-based polymer nanocomposites, lipid-based nanomaterials and liposomes have the inherent potential to eradicate bacterial biofilm-related infections in an efficient manner. The recent development of carbon-based nanomaterials such as carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and silica based nanomaterials such as mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) also exploit a target of dreadful healthcare conditions such as cancer , immunomodulatory diseases, and microbial infections, as well as biofilm-related issues owing to their stability profile, biocompatibility, and unique physio-chemical properties. Recently novel physical approaches such as photothermal therapy (PTT) and antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) also revolutionized conventional strategies and are engaged in eradicating microbial biofilm-related infections and related health consequences. These promising advancements in the development of novel strategies to treat microbial infections and biofilm-related multidrug resistance (MDR) phenomenon may provide new avenues and aid to conventional antimicrobial therapeutics.

1. Cell and organ drug targeting: types of drug delivery systems and advanced targeting strategies -- 2. Cell-penetrating peptides in nanodelivery of nucleic acids and drugs -- 3. The current perspectives of nanoparticles in clellular and organ-specific drug targeting in biological system -- 4. Precision medicine and drug targeting: the promise versus reality of target-specific drug delivery -- 5. Brain targeting of payload using mild magnetic field: site specific delivery -- 6. Nanoparticles influence in skin penetration of drugs: in vitro and in vivo characterization -- 7. DNA aptamer-based molecular nanoconstructions and nanodevices for diagnostics and therapy -- 8. Nanobiodevices for electrochemical biosensing of pharmaceuticals -- 9. Imprinted polymeric nanoparticles as nanodevices, biosnesors and biolabels -- 10. Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) matrix implants -- 11. Hydrogels for biomedical applications -- 12. Silk-based matrices for bone tissue engineering applications -- 13. Implantable drug delivery systems: an overview -- 14. Nanobionics and nanoengineered prosthetics -- Index.

Uses of nanotechnology in various fields, and cautions or safety measures regarding some of those applications.

Nanoflares as Probes for Cancer Diagnostics -- Therapeutic Applications of Spherical Nucleic Acids -- Theranostic Magnetic Nanostructures (MNS) for Cancer -- Nanodiamond-Based Chemotherapy and Imaging -- Theranostic Lipid Nanoparticles for Cancer Medicine -- Synthetic High-Density Lipoprotein-Like Nanoparticles as Cancer Therapy -- Radiosensitization and Nanoparticles -- Hybrid Nanoparticles for Cancer Imaging and Therapy -- Exploring Tumor Microenvironment with Nanoparticles -- How nanoparticles interact with cancer cells -- Engineering the Nanoparticle-Protein Interface for Cancer Therapeutics -- Calibration-Quality Cancer Nano-Therapeutics -- Cancer Nano-Therapeutics in Clinical Trials.

Nanotechnology-Based Targeted Drug Delivery Systems for Brain Tumors addresses brain anatomy and tumors and the progress and challenges in delivering drugs across the blood brain barrier. Several chapters are devoted to the latest technologies and advances in nanotechnology, along with practical solutions on how to design more effective nanocarriers for drug and gene delivery. This valuable resource prepares readers to develop novel drug delivery systems for the treatment of brain tumors that further promote the latest nanomedical technologies.

The emergence of nanotechnology and the development of new nano-devices and nanomaterials open up opportunities for novel applications in agriculture and biotechnology. Nanotechnology has the potential to modernize the agricultural research and practice. Nanotechnology has gained momentum in agriculture sector during last decade, but still there are knowledge gap between scientific communities. This book comprise of holistic coverage about current developments in nanotechnology based sustainable agriculture. It contains sections focusing on each aspect of the implications of nanotechnology in different sectors of agriculture from crop production, soil fertility management, crop improvement etc. It also provides insight into the current trends and future prospects of nanotechnology along with the benefits and risks and their impact on agricultural ecosystems. This book emphasize on use of nanotechnology to reduce agrochemical usage via smart delivery system, increase nutrient use efficiency, improved water and nutrient management, nano-biosensors for management of plant diseases etc. The book provides thorough knowledge for dealing with current challenges of agricultural sector using nanotechnology based agricultural interventions. It will serve as reference literature for scientists, policymakers, students and researchers who are engaged in development of strategies to cope up with challenges of current agricultural systems and society.

The emergence of nanotechnology and the development of new nanodevices and nanomaterials have opened up exciting opportunities for novel applications in agriculture and biotechnology. Nanotechnology has the potential to modernize agricultural research and practice, but although it has gained momentum in the agriculture sector over last decade, there are still knowledge gaps between scientific communities. This book presents a comprehensive overview of current developments in nanotechnology-based sustainable agriculture. Focusing on various aspects of nanotechnology in different sectors of agriculture, such as crop production, soil fertility management and crop improvement, it offers insights into the current trends and future prospects of nanotechnology, along with the benefits and risks and their impact on agricultural ecosystems. It also highlights the use of nanotechnology to reduce agrochemical usage, to increase nutrient uptake efficiency and to improve water and nutrient management, and the use of nano-biosensors to manage plant diseases. The book is a valuable reference resource for scientists, policymakers, students and researchers who are engaged in developing strategies to cope with current agricultural challenges.

This book documents the tremendous progress in the use of nanotechnology for a range of bioapplications with the aim of providing students, researchers, technicians, and other professionals with an up-to-date overview of the field. After a general introduction to the surface modifications of nanoparticles required for different biological applications, and to the properties of the modified nanoparticles, a series of chapters describe the state of the art in respect of different types of nanoparticle, including silica nanoparticles, fluorescent nanomaterials, metal nanoparticles, magnetic nanoparticles, carbon-based nanostructures, and other novel nanomaterials. Detailed information is supplied on methods of preparation, chemical and physical properties, and current and potential applications. The closing chapters discuss lithography methods for the top-down approach to nanoparticle synthesis and the use of spectroscopic studies as a tool for the characterization of each nanoparticle. Future prospects and challenges for the development of further nanomaterials with bioapplications are also covered.

In three handy volumes, this ready reference provides a detailed overview of nanotechnology as it is applied to energy sustainability. Clearly structured, following an introduction, the first part of the book is dedicated to energy production, renewable energy, energy storage, energy distribution, and energy conversion and harvesting. The second part then goes on to discuss nano-enabled materials, energy conservation and management, technological and intellectual property-related issues and markets and environmental remediation. The text concludes with a look at and recommendations for future technology advances. An essential handbook for all experts in the field - from academic researchers and engineers to developers in industry.

Nanotechnology progresses its concerts and suitability by improving its effectiveness, security and also reducing the impact and risk. Various chapters in this book are written by eminent scientists and prominent researchers in the field of nanotechnology across the world. This book is focused to put emerging techniques forward using nanoparticles for safe and nutritional food production, protecting crops from pests, increasing nutritional value and providing solutions for various environmental issues. The outcome of this book creates a path for wide usage of nanoparticles in food, agriculture and the environment fields. This book has clear and simple illustrations, tables and case studies to understand the content even by non-experts. This book especially deals with the nanotechnology for controlling plant pathogens, food packaging and preservation, agricultural productivity, waste water treatment and bioenergy production. Hence, this book can be adopted and used by many researchers and academicians in the fields of food, agriculture, environment and nanotechnology for catering the needs of sustainable future. The salient features of this book are • Describes nanotechnology as an interdisciplinary and emerging field in life sciences • Useful for researchers in the cutting edge life science related fields of nanoscience, nanobiology and nanotechnology • Deal with various problems in food, agriculture and environmental sector for sustainable solutions through the application of nanotechnology • Supported with illustrations in color, tables and case studies (wherever applicable), and • Contributed and well written by nanotechnology experts from across various disciplines.

Toxicological aspects for nanomaterial in humans -- Lactate dehydrogenase assay for assessment of polycation cytotoxicity -- Combined fluorimetric caspase 3/7 assay and bradford protein determination for assessment of polycation-mediated cytotoxicity -- Anti-PEG igm production via a PEGylated nano-carrier system for nucleic acid delivery -- Near-infrared optical imaging of nucleic acid nanocarriers in vivo -- Lipids for nucleic acid delivery: Synthesis and particle formation -- Histidine-rich cationic amphipathic peptides for plasmid DNA and siRNA delivery -- Synthesis of polyethylenimine-based nanocarriers for systemic tumor targeting of nucleic acids -- Synthesis of bioreducible polycations with controlled topologies -- Lyophilization of synthetic gene carriers -- Surface- and hydrogel-mediated delivery of nucleic acid nanoparticles -- Layer-by-layer assembled gold nanoparticles for the delivery of nucleic acids -- In situ AFM analysis investigating disassembly of DNA nanoparticles and nano-films -- Enhancing nucleic acid delivery with ultrasound and microbubbles -- Magnetic and acoustically active microbubbles loaded with nucleic acids for gene delivery -- Synthesis of lipidic magnetic nanoparticles for nucleic acid delivery -- Lipopeptide delivery of siRNA to the central nervous system -- Flow cytometry-based cell type-specific assessment of target regulation by pulmonary siRNA delivery -- Liver-targeted gene delivery through retrograde intrabiliary infusion.

Nanotechnology in Dermatology is the first book of its kind to address all of the important and rapidly growing aspects of nanotechnology as it relates to dermatology. In the last few years there has been an explosion in research and development for products and devices related to nanotechnology, including numerous applications for consumers, physicians, patients, and industry. Applications are underway in medicine and dermatology for the early detection, diagnosis, and targeted therapy of disease, and nanodesigned materials and devices are expected to be faster, smaller, more powerful, more efficient, and more versatile than their traditional counterparts. Written by experts working in this exciting field, Nanotechnology in Dermatology specifically addresses nanotechnology in consumer skin care products, in the diagnosis of skin disease, in the treatment of skin disease, and the overall safety of nanotechnology. The book also discusses future trends of this ever-growing and changing field, providing dermatologists, pharmaceutical companies, policy makers, and consumer cosmetics companies with a clear understanding of the advantages and challenges of nanotechnology today.

Nanomedicine is the field of science that deals with organic applications of medicine at the nanoscale level. It primarily addresses finding, anticipating, and treating sickness, as well as using nanotechnology to assist in controlling human frameworks at the cellular level. The nature of nanotechnology allows it to address numerous medical issues in humans. This book offers comprehensive information to better comprehend and apply multifunctional nanoparticles in nanomedicine, and thus open avenues in the field. Medicating at the nanolevel is an exceptional therapeutic avenue, as it avoids symptoms associated with conventional medicines. This book investigates recent insights into structuring novel drug delivery frameworks. It concentrates on the physical characteristics of drug delivery transporters, and the preliminary procedures involved in their use. The book offers in-depth detail that benefits academics and researchers alike, containing broad research from experts in the field, and serves as a guide for students and researchers in the field of nanomedicine, drug delivery, and nanotechnology.

The book introduces the basic concepts of nanotechnology and the various technologies to characterize nanomaterials. It also covers the nanostructural features of mammalian cells/tissues and related nanomechanical properties. In addition, the book comprehensively describes the current state-of-the-art and future perspectives of nanotechnology in biosensors. It also discusses the potential of nanotechnology for delivering the diverse cancer therapeutics and illustrates its limitation due to the potential toxicity associated with oxidative stress. It also highlights the ethical issues and translational aspects related to nanotechnology. Finally, it summarizes the applications of nanotechnology in animal biotechnology, the recent perspectives and future challenges of nanomedicines. The content of the book are beneficial for the undergraduate, postgraduate and doctoral students as well the professionals working in the area of nanotechnology and nanomedicines.

The main goal of the present book is to deal with the role of nanobiotechnology in skin, soft tissue and bone infections since it is difficult to treat the infections due to the development of resistance in them against existing antibiotics. The present interdisciplinary book is very useful for a diverse group of readers including nanotechnologists, medical microbiologists, dermatologists, osteologists, biotechnologists, bioengineers. Nanotechnology in Skin, Soft Tissue, and Bone Infections is divided into four sections: Section I- includes role of nanotechnology in skin infections such as atopic dermatitis, and nanomaterials for combating infections caused by bacteria and fungi. Section II- incorporates how nanotechnology can be used for soft-tissue infections such as diabetic foot ulcer and other wound infections; Section III- discusses about the nanomaterials in artificial scaffolds bone engineering and bone infections caused by bacteria and fungi; and also about the toxicity issues generated by the nanomaterials in general and nanoparticles in particular. The readers will be immensely enriched by the knowledge of new and emerging nanobiotechnologies in a variety of platforms.

This book is specifically designed to provide information about various nanocarriers currently developed under the emerging field of nanotheranostics for a sustained, controlled, and targeted co-delivery of diagnostic and therapeutic agents. Diverse theranostic applications of nanotechnology and their limitations are also addressed. It integrates nanobiotechnology with theranostic applications. The combined term nanotheranostics has diverse application particularly in chemotherapy and other infectious diseases. Among other topics addressed are antimicrobial resistance, targeting intra-cellular pathogens, viruses and bacteria, chemotherapy, cancer therapeutics, and inflammatory disorders. This interdisciplinary volume, Nanotheranostics, Applications and Limitations, is essential for a diverse group of readers including nanotechnologists, microbiologists, biotechnologists, bioengineering and bioprocess industry.

This book discusses the basics of nanotoxicity and gives a detailed account of methods used for toxicity evaluation of nanomaterials. It also gives indepth coverage of the effect of different types of nanomaterials, including organic and inorganic, on various aquatic animals, microorganisms and plants, and outlines recent challenges, regulatory frameworks and advances in nanotoxicity testing.

This book focuses on the toxicity of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) and their underlying physicochemical, cellular, physiological, and molecular mechanisms. Further, it covers ENMs' translocation and their targeted organ toxicology, and discusses chemical and pharmacological strategies used to combat nanotoxicity. Engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) are defined as materials with one or more dimensions of less than 100 nm, and have shown considerable promise in several areas of development. At the same time, the potential toxicity of ENMs for human health and environmental organisms is increasingly attracting attention. In addition to the typical properties of model animals, Caenorhabditis elegans is extremely sensitive to environmental toxicants, which makes it the ideal in vivo assay system for toxicological studies. C. elegans has been widely used in toxicity assessment and toxicological studies of environmental toxicants and stresses. This book provides a comprehensive summary of nanotoxicology research on C. elegans.

Since its advent, nanotechnologies are considered key enabling technologies that take advantage of a wide array of nanomaterials (NMs) for biomedical and industrial applications generating significant societal and economic benefits. However, such innovation increases human exposure to these substances through inhalation, ingestion or dermal contact raising public health concerns. Furthermore, the NMs specific physicochemical properties, that confer them unique beneficial characteristics, can also elicit nano-bio interactions leading to toxicity and concerns for public health. In addition, such properties can be affected by the surrounding matrix, particularly when incorporated in complex matrices such as food products, leading to secondary features potentially more relevant than primary characteristics for determining their toxicological outcome. These nano specific issues raise the question of whether the NMs may produce adverse outcomes that are not accounted for when using conventional toxicological approaches to assess their safety. Such uncertainties about the safety of NMs for human health and the environment may hamper a faster and more widespread exploration of their potentials. In response, the NMs definition has evolved, and nanotoxicology has developed towards new and more integrative approach methods to support regulatory and policy actions. This book provides a perspective on recent developments in the synthesis, application, and characterization of NMs and the related nanotechnologies, focusing on nanotoxicology for their accurate safety assessment early in the product development stage. The use of complex in vitro models, including multicellular systems and organoids, and "omics-based" approaches, such as transcriptomics or epigenomics, have greatly contributed to an in-depth understanding of the cellular and molecular mechanisms behind some NMs toxicity. Such mechanistic knowledge is equally addressed in this book and has set the basis for a predictive nanotoxicology approach building on adverse outcome pathways. In addition, considering the knowledge provided by the above-mentioned approaches, insights into risk assessment, standardization, and regulation of NMs are also included. Incorporating adequate nanosafety assessment early in the life-cycle of NMs will allow the implementation of the safe and sustainable-by-design paradigm enabling safety to keep pace with innovation. Chapters 10 and 15 are available open access under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License via link.springer.com.

Section I -- Etiology -- 1. The Genetics of Narcolepsy -- 2. Orexin (Hypocretin) and Narcolepsy -- 3. Precipitants of Narcolepsy: Vaccines and Infections -- Section II -- Clinical Considerations -- 4. Epidemiology of Narcolepsy -- 5. Diagnostic Criteria and Delay in Diagnosis of Narcolepsy -- 6. Narcolepsy in Childhood -- 7. Narcolepsy in the Older Adult -- 8. Hypnagogic Hallucinations and Sleep Paralysis -- 9. Symptomatic Narcolepsy or Hypersomnia, with and without Hypocretin (Orexin) Deficiency -- 10. Hypersomnias Other than Narcolepsy: Differential Diagnosis -- 11. Narcolepsy and Other Comorbid Medical Illnesses -- 12. Sleep Disorders Comorbidities in Narcolepsy and their Management -- 13. Neuroimaging of Narcolepsy -- Section III -- Psychosocial Considerations -- 14. Quality of Life and Psychosocial Issues in Narcolepsy: Implications for Management -- 15. Narcolepsy, Intimacy and Sexuality -- 16. Memory and Cognition in Narcolepsy -- 17. Psychoanalysis and Narcolepsy -- 18. Dreaming in Narcolepsy -- 19. Narcolepsy and Mental Illness -- 20. Narcolepsy, Driving and Traffic Safety -- Section IV -- Management -- 21. Overview of Management of Narcolepsy -- 22. Modes of Action of Drugs Related to Narcolepsy: Pharmacology of Wake-Promoting Compounds and Anticataplectics -- 23. Modafinil/Armodafinil in the Treatment of Narcolepsy -- 24. Sodium Oxybate in the Treatment of Narcolepsy -- 25. Pregnancy and Anaesthesia in Narcolepsy -- 26. Emerging Treatments for Narcolepsy -- 27. Behavioral and Non-Pharmacological Management of Narcolepsy -- Section V -- Health Care Delivery and Medico-Legal Considerations -- 28. Narcolepsy and Developmental Disability -- 29. Succeeding in School and in the Workplace with Narcolepsy -- 30. Medico-Legal Aspects of Disability in Narcolepsy -- 31. The Affordable Care Act and the Future of Sleep Medicine.

Introduction -- Narrating patienthood: voicing, empowering, advocating -- Narratives of patient experience -- From stories to discoveries -- Cultural communication competency as a two-way street -- If I die, who will tell their stories? -- Narrating patienthood: differences that matter -- African Americans and hospice care -- "Can you please direct me to a doctor that has a heart?" -- Exploring the effects of patient-provider communication on the lives of women with vulvodynia -- Queer patienthood -- An autoethnographic account of navigating patienthood as a person with hearing impairment -- Narrating patienthood: intersections of communication and the personal, relational, professional, and cultural -- From consumer to community-based researcher -- The gendered nature of generosity in post-hysterectomy "dear honey" letters -- The narrative journey and decision-making process of plastic surgery patienthood -- Narrative sense-making in systemic lupus erthematosus -- Healthy mother, healthy baby -- Ableist Biases -- Index -- About the contributors.

Evidence-based medicine and narrative medicine: a harmonic couple -- Bridging from mythology to contemporary care: the art of listening -- Bridging from oral tradition to writing: the art of empathy -- The Tower of Babel: the language of physicians, patients, and providers of care -- Patient's narrative as a probe for successful coping -- The muted desire for well-being and the abuse of the word "normality" in medicine -- Bridging the gap between personalization of care and research -- The place of illness-centred movies in medical humanities -- Designing health care based on patient's needs and rights -- Building a bridge between economic investment and medical humanities: the fears to overcome -- A selection of narratives -- Glossary: a tool to bridge the gap between medical humanities, medical science, health-care organization, and health-care economics.

Nasal physiology and pathophysiology is a relatively neglected area, yet without a deep knowledge of the physiology it is impossible to understand the impact of structural changes and the process of disease development or to make sound treatment decisions. With the help of numerous tables, schematic drawings, and color photographs, this book will enable the reader to understand the nasal physiology and pathophysiology in detail. All four functions of the nose -- respiration, defense, olfaction, and cosmesis -- are covered. Each chapter addresses one important aspect in an accessible way, and each is written by an acknowledged expert on the topic under consideration. The various techniques of clinical evaluation of nasal function are fully discussed, and current trends and future directions in nasal physiologic research are also explored. This book will be of value to both practicing otorhinolaryngologists and novices in the field.

This book provides up-to-date guidance that will assist radiation oncologists during the day-to-day management of nasopharyngeal cancer. After discussion of diagnosis and staging, target delineation techniques and treatment planning are described for both intensity-modulated and particle radiation therapy. Detailed information is then presented on the application of radiation therapy in different disease settings, from early stage disease to metastatic disease. Due attention is paid to the role of multimodality treatment and new and advanced technologies in particular circumstances, such as local recurrence. In addition, follow-up and the management of late toxicities are explained and management strategies are documented for special situations and groups, including pediatric patients. The book is published within the Springer series Practical Guides in Radiation Oncology. Like other volumes in the series, it is designed for hands-on use by both radiation oncology residents and practicing radiation oncologists. It will also be of value for head and neck physicians.

Diagnosis and clinical evaluation of nasopharyngeal carcinoma / Alan Soo-Beng Khoo and Kin-Choo Pua -- Histopathological diagnosis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma : looking beyond the blue book / John Nicholls and Gerald Niedobitek -- Descriptive, environmental and genetic epidemiology of nasopharyngeal carcinoma/ -- Bing-jian feng -- Epstein-Barr virus and the pathogenesis of nasopharyngeal carcinomas / Claire Gourzones, Pierre Busson and Nancy Raab-Traub -- Acquired genetic and epigenetic alterations in nasopharyngeal carcinoma / Kwok-Wai Lo, Grace Tin-Yun Chung and Ka-Fai To -- Cellular interactions in nasopharyngeal carcinomas / Claire Gourzones ... [et al.] -- Biological tools for NPC population screening and disease monitoring / Claire Gourzones ... [et al.] -- Medical imaging of nasopharyngeal carcinomas : current tools and applications / François Bidault -- Radiotherapy of NPC : current strategies and perspectives / John Kim -- The evolving role of systemic therapy in nasopharyngeal carcinoma : current strategies and perspectives / Edwin P. Hui and Anthony T.C. Chan -- Nasopharyngeal carcinoma immunotherapy current strategies and perspectives / Corey Smith and Rajiv Khanna -- Therapeutic induction of apoptosis in nasopharyngeal carcinoma / Carlo Bastianutto ... [et al.].

Nasal anatomy / Alfonso García-Piñero, Eugenio Cárdenas, Ariel Kaen, Juan Antonio Simal-Julian -- Nasal physiology / Jonathan Frankel, Emily Hrisomalos, Steven M. Houser -- Nasal septum and nasal wall vascularization / Juan R. Gras-Cabrerizo, Juan Ramón Gras Albert, Elena Garcia-Garrigós, Humbert Massegur-Solench -- Nasal perforation etiology / Mauricio López-Chacón, Arturo Cordero Castillo, Cristobal Langdon, Francesca Jaume, Isam Alobid -- Systemic diseases associated with septal perforation / Mauricio López-Chacón, Arturo Cordero Castillo, Cristobal Langdon, Alfonso Santamaría, Isam Alobid -- Preoperative clinical evaluation of patient / Fabio Ferreli, Paolo Castelnuovo -- Conservative treatment / Arturo Cordero Castillo, Mauricio López-Chacón, Cristobal Langdon, Isam Alobid -- Nasal perforation and septal prosthesis / Meritxell Valls, Alfonso Santamaría, Isam Alobid -- Free grafts / Hesham A.K.A. Mansour -- Repair of nasal septal perforation by using middle turbinate flap / Deniz Hanci, Huseyin Altun -- Inferior turbinate flap / Cristobal Langdon, Isam Alobid -- Lateral nasal wall flap / Cristobal Langdon, Mauricio López-Chacón, Arturo Cordero Castillo, Alfonso Santamaría, Paula Mackers, Isam Alobid -- Anterior ethmoidal artery septal flap / Paolo Castelnuovo, Fabio Ferreli, Pietro Palma -- Unilateral mucosal advancement flap / Jung Soo Kim, Sung Jae Heo -- Bilateral cross-over flap technique / Shirley Shizue Nagata Pignatari, Aldo Cassol Stamm, Leonardo Balsalobre -- Bilateral septal mucosal flaps in septal perforations / José J. Letort -- Unilateral nasal floor and inferior meatus flap / Meritxell Valls Mateus, Cristobal Langdon, Isam Alobid -- Facial artery musculomucosal flap / Tareck Ayad, Philippe Lavigne, Ilyes Berania -- 'Slide and patch' technique / Michele Cassano -- Backward extraction-reposition technique of quadrangular cartilage / Ignazio Tasca, Giacomo Ceroni Compadretti -- Pericranial flap and endoscopic septal repair / Alfonso Santamaría, Cristobal Langdon, Mauricio López-Chacón, Arturo Cordero Castillo, Isam Alobid -- Quality of life / Fabio Ferreli, Paolo Castelnuovo -- Endoscopic repair for septal perforation : algorithm / Fabio Ferreli, Paolo Castelnuovo.

Anatomy and physiology of hematopoiesis -- The neonatal erythrocyte and its disorders -- Immune hemolytic disease -- Neonatal jaundice and disorders of bilirubin metabolism -- Hemostasis in the newborn and infant -- Acquired aplastic anemia and pure red cell aplasia -- Inherited bone marrow failure syndromes -- Principles of bone marrow and stem cell transplantation -- Diagnostic approach to the anemic patient -- Megaloblastic anemia -- Disorders of iron and copper metabolism, the sideroblastic anemias, and lead toxicity -- Porphyrias -- Autoimmune hemolytic anemia -- Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria -- Red cell membrane -- Disorders of the red cell membrane -- Pyruvate kinase deficiency and disorders of glycolysis -- Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency -- Normal and abnormal hemoglobins -- Sickle cell disease -- Thalassemias -- Phagocyte system and disorders of granulopoiesis and granulocyte function -- Immune response -- Primary immunodeficiency diseases -- Lysosomal storage diseases -- Platelets and the vessel wall -- Blood coagulation -- Molecular basis of fibrinolysis -- Approach to the child with a suspected bleeding disorder -- Inherited platelet disorders -- Hemophilia and von Willebrand disease -- Rare hereditary coagulation factor abnormalities -- Inherited disorders of thrombosis and fibrinolysis -- Acquired platelet defects -- Acquired disorders of hemostasis -- Transfusion medicine -- Hematologic manifestations of systemic diseases -- Hematologic manifestations of systemic diseases in children of the developing world -- Origins and evolution of pediatric cancers -- Epidemiology of leukemia in childhood -- Informatics -- Genetic predisposition to cancer -- Genetics and epigenetics of childhood cancers -- Targeted therapies in oncology -- Cytogenetic and molecular pathology of pediatric cancer -- Cancer chemotherapy for pediatric patients -- Immunotherapy of cancer -- Pediatric radiation oncology -- Pediatric surgical oncology -- Acute lymphoblastic leukemia -- Pediatric myeloid leukemia, myelodysplasia, and myeloproliferative disease -- Infant leukemias -- Pediatric lymphoma -- Neuroblastoma -- Pediatric renal tumors -- Retinoblastoma -- Tumors of the brain and spinal cord -- Hepatoblastoma and other liver tumors in children -- Rhabdomyosarcoma -- Nonrhabdomyosarcoma soft tissue sarcomas and other soft tissue tumors -- Ewing sarcoma -- Osteosarcoma -- Pediatric germ cell tumors -- Histiocytoses -- Rare tumors of childhood -- Imaging in the evaluation and management of childhood cancer -- Infectious disease in the pediatric cancer patient -- Oncologic emergencies -- Nursing care of patients with childhood cancer -- Palliative care in pediatric oncology -- Symptom management in children with cancer -- Childhood cancer survivorship -- Psychosocial care of the child and family -- Ethical considerations in pediatric oncology clinical trials -- Reference values in infancy and childhood.

"This manual serves as a step-by-step practical reference to support countries in building capacity for integrating health inequality monitoring into their health information systems. It presents a range of World Health Organization tools and resources developed for measuring and reporting health inequality"--Publisher's description.

Overview of kidney function and structure -- Kidney development -- Assessment of glomerular filtration rate in acute and chronic settings -- Urinalysis and urine microscopy -- Hematuria and proteinuria -- Kidney imaging -- Hyponatremia and hypoosmolar disorders -- Hypernatremia -- Edema and the clinical use of diuretics -- Disorders of potassium metabolism -- Disorders of mineral matabolism: calcium, phosphorus, and magnesium -- Approach to acid-base disorders -- Metabolic acidosis -- Metabolis alkalosis -- Respiratory acidosis and alkalosis -- Glomerular clinicopathologic syndromes -- Minimal change disease -- Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis -- Membranous nephropathy -- Immunoglobulin A nephropathy and related disorders -- Goodpasture syndrome and other antiglomerular basement membrane diseases -- Postinfectious glomerulonephritis -- Kidney involvement in systemic vasculitis -- Kidney manifestations of systemic lupus erythematosus -- Pathogenesis, pathophysiology, and treatment of diabetic nephropathy -- Dysproteinemias and amyloidosis -- Thrombotic microangiopathies -- Viral nephropathies: human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis C virus and hepatitis B virus -- Acute cardiorenal syndrome -- Hepatorenal syndrome and other liver-related kidney deseases -- Kidney incancers -- Pathophysiology of acute kidney injury -- Clinical approach to the diagnosis of acute kidney injury -- Acute tubular injury and tubular necrosis -- Acute interstitial nephritis -- Management of acute kidney injury -- Kidney disease causes by therapeutic agents -- Principles of drug therapy in patients with reduced kidney function -- Genetically based renal transport disorders -- Sickle cell nephropathy -- Polycystic and other cystic kidney diseases -- Nephronophthisis and medullary cystic kidney disease -- Alport syndrome and related disorders -- Fabry diseases -- Chronic tubulointerstitial disease -- Obstructive uropathy -- Nephrolithiasis -- Urinary tract infection and pylenonephritis -- Kidney in infants and children -- Kidney in pregnancy -- Kidney disease in the elderly -- Pathophysiology of chronic kidney diseases -- Staging and management of chronic kidney disease -- Nutrition and kidney diseases -- Bone disorders in chronic kidney disease -- Cardiac function and cardiovascular disease in chronic kidney disease -- Anemia and other hematologic complications of chronic kidney disease -- Hemodialysis -- Peritoneal dialysis -- Outcomes of kidney replacement therapies -- Selection of prospective kidney transplant recipients and donors -- Posttransplantation monitoring and oucomes -- Immunosuppression in transplantation -- Infectious complications of kidney transplantation -- Pathogenesis of hypertension -- Evaluation and management of hypertension -- Secondary hypertension.

"Ideal for residency, fellowship, clinical practice, and board review, the National Kidney Foundation's Primer on Kidney Diseases, 7th Edition, by Drs. Scott J. Gilbert and Daniel E. Weiner, offers comprehensive coverage of adult and pediatric kidney diseases in an authoritative, practical resource. Well organized and highly readable, it covers every relevant topic in the field, from anatomy, physiology, and pathophysiology, to diagnosis and management of kidney disease, to fluid and electrolyte disorders, hypertension, dialysis, and renal transplantation"--Publisher's description.

Anti-gal in humans and its antigen the ?-gal epitope -- Why do we produce anti-gal -- Anti-gal comprises most of anti-blood group b antibodies -- Anti-gal interaction with Trypansoma, Leishmania, and Plasmodium parasites -- Anti-gal b cells are tolerized by a ?-gal epitopes in the absence of t cell help -- Anti-gal and other immune barriers in xenotransplantation -- Anti-gal IgE mediates allergies to red meat -- Anti-gal and autoimmunity -- Anti-gal-mediated amplification of viral vaccine efficacy -- Cancer immunotherapy by anti-gal-mediated in situ conversion of tumors into autologous vaccines -- Anti-gal as cancer cell destroying antibody and as antibiotics targeted by ?-gal bifunctional molecules -- Acceleration of wound and burn healing by anti-gal/?-gal nanoparticles interaction -- Anti-gal and anti-non gal antibodies in regeneration of extracellular matrix bio-implants -- Post infarction regeneration of ischemic myocardium by intramyocardial injection of ?-gal nanoparticles -- Regeneration of injured spinal cord and peripheral nerves by ?-gal nanoparticles -- Inhalation of ?-gal/sialic acid liposomes for decreasing influenza virus infection.

This volume looks at the role of natural antibodies in pathogen elimination, cell survival, inflammation, cancer, and autoimmunity. The chapters in this book cover numerous topics, such as isolation of natural antibodies; methods for separating natural antibodies from human plasma, saliva, breast milk, and gastrointestinal fluids; functional properties of natural antibodies such as anti-tumor cytocoxic activity, and hydrolysis and dissolution of their target antigens; their utility in serological diagnosis of microbial antigens; and the role of natural antibodies in inhibiting viral vectors in the absence of prior exposure to the virus. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Practical and thorough, Natural Antibodies: Methods and Protocols is a valuable resource for researchers and experts who are interested in further studies of natural antibodies.

Bioactive compounds produced by natural sources, such as plants, microbes, endophytic fungi, etc., can potentially be applied in various fields, including agriculture, biotechnology and biomedicine. Several bioactive compounds have proved to be invaluable in mediating plant-microbe interactions, and promoting plant growth and development. Due to their numerous health-promoting properties, these compounds have been widely used as a source of medication since ancient times. However, there is an unprecedented need to meet the growing demand for natural bioactive compounds in the flavor and fragrance, food, and pharmaceutical industries. Moreover, discovering new lead molecules from natural sources is essential to overcoming the rising number of new diseases. In this regard, natural bioactive compounds hold tremendous potential for new drug discovery. Therefore, this field of research has become a vital area for researchers interested in understanding the chemistry, biosynthetic mechanisms, and pharmacological activities of these bioactive metabolites. This book describes the basics of bioactive plant compounds, their chemical properties, and their pharmacological biotechnological properties with regard to various human diseases and applications in the drug, cosmetics and herbal industries. It offers a valuable asset for all students, educators, researchers, and healthcare experts involved in agronomy, ecology, crop science, molecular biology, stress physiology, and natural products.

Nature has consistently provided human beings with bioactive compounds that can be used directly as drugs or indirectly as drug leads. Some of the major classes of natural bioactive compounds include phenolics, alkaloids, tannins, saponins, lignin, glycosides, terpenoids, and many more. They possess a broad range of biological activities and are primarily useful in the treatment of various health issues. At the same time, the search for new and novel drugs is never-ending and, despite major advances in synthetic chemistry, nature remains an essential resource for drug discovery. Therefore, more and more researchers are interested in understanding the chemistry, clinical pharmacology, and beneficial effects of bioactive compounds in connection with solving human health problems. This book presents a wealth of information on natural metabolites that have been or are currently being used as drugs or leads for the discovery of new drugs. In addition, it highlights the importance of natural products against various human diseases, and their applications in the drug, nutraceuticals, cosmetics and herbal industries. Accordingly, the book offers a valuable resource for all students, educators, and healthcare experts involved in natural product research, phytochemistry, and pharmacological research.

Natural bioactive compounds have become an integral part of plant-microbe interactions geared toward adaptation to environmental changes. They regulate symbiosis, induce seed germination, and manifest allelopathic effects, i.e., they inhibit the growth of competing plant species in their vicinity. In addition, the use of natural bioactive compounds and their products is considered to be suitable and safe in e.g. alternative medicine. Thus, there is an unprecedented need to meet the increasing demand for plant secondary metabolites in the flavor and fragrance, food, and pharmaceutical industries. However, it is difficult to obtain a constant quantity of compounds from the cultivated plants, as their yield fluctuates due to several factors including genotypic variations, the geography, edaphic conditions, harvesting and processing methods. Yet familiarity with these substances and the exploration of various approaches could open new avenues in their production. This book describes the basis of bioactive plant compounds, their mechanisms and molecular actions with regard to various human diseases, and their applications in the drug, cosmetic and herbal industries. Accordingly, it offers a valuable resource for students, educators, researchers, and healthcare experts involved in agronomy, ecology, crop science, molecular biology, stress physiology, and natural products.

This book discusses various aspects of bioactive natural products employed in the agrochemical and agriculture sectors. It covers the use of plants, microorganisms, and microbial metabolites as eco-friendly, cost-effective, and sustainable alternatives to chemicals in the field of agriculture. Written by active researchers and academics, the book highlights state-of-art products in the field, as well as the gaps, challenges, and obstacles associated with the use of plants, microbes and their products. Given its scope, it is a valuable resource for the scientific community and professionals in enterprises wanting insights into the latest developments and advances in the context of biological products, including their applications, traditional uses, modern practices, and strategies to harness their full potential.

This edited volume concerns a group of devastating neurological disorders that share a common pathological mechanism, namely the aggregation and deposition of insoluble, proteinaceous lesions, termed 'amyloid'. Examples of cerebral amyloid disorders include common neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's disease-related dementia and Parkinson's disease, as well as other less prevalent conditions like Huntington's disease, cerebral amyloid angiopathy and the transmissible prion disorders. A disease-modifying therapeutic agent is still lacking for all these diseases, and there are no approved therapies that target amyloid formation directly. Nevertheless, a large and complex group of natural aromatic compounds known as polyphenols are rapidly emerging as potentially potent anti-amyloidogenic agents. This book collectively presents a considerable body of experimental and epidemiological evidence from peer-reviewed scientific publications that support a role for natural compounds and herbal extracts in the chemoprevention and therapy of amyloidogenic disorders. Each contribution is written by scientific experts in the relevant field; chapters are devoted to Mediterranean diet and olive oil phenols, traditional Chinese medicine, herbal extracts, polyphenols (with a particular emphasis on epigallocatechin-3-gallate) and bi-flavonoids, amongst others. The topic of this book is relevant to a wide audience, from academia and university students in the biological and chemical sciences, to physicians and allied health professionals, as well as people working in the nutraceutical industry.

This practical book focuses on the most recent advances in natural cycle and minimal stimulation in vitro fertilization (IVF). The volume presents the steps that need to be followed to successfully perform these techniques and covers all aspects and competences involved. The book provides information on physiology of folliculogenesis, ovulation, oocytes and luteal phase and based on this information on clinical practice of stimulation, ovulation induction and inhibition, follicle aspiration and luteal phase support in natural cycle and minimal stimulation IVF. In addition costs, risks, success rates and several treatment protocols are provided. An overview of large European, Japanese and American programs and the discussion of clinical cases will complete the coverage of the topic. This practical and easy-to-use guide is a valuable resource for all clinicians performing any kind of IVF techniques.

This book aims to address the importance of natural enemies and functional diversity for biological control in Neotropical agroecosystems. Several aspects related to the conservation of natural enemies, such as vegetation design and climate change, are discussed in Part 1 and the bioecology of several insects groups used in biological control in Latin America is presented in Part 2. Part 3 is devoted to mass production of natural enemies while Part 4 describes how these insects have been used to control of pests in major crops, forests, pasture, weeds and plant diseases. Lastly, Part 5 reports Latin-American experiences of integration of biological in pest management programs.

Transcriptional control of NK cells -- Development, homeostasis, and heterogeneity of NK cells -- Diversification and functional specialization of human NK cell subsets -- Dynamic regulation of NK cell responsiveness -- NK cells and cancer immunoediting -- Sweet is the memory of past troubles: NK cells remember -- Lessons from NK cell definiencies in the mouse -- Probing human NK cell biology using human immune system (HIS) mice -- Haploidentical haematopoietic stem cell transplantation: role of NK cells and effect of cytomegalovirus infections -- The past, present, and future of NK cells in hematopoietic cell transplantation and adoptive transfer -- Index.

This book reviews the latest research on bioproducts from various economically important insects, such as silkworms, honey bees, lac and drosophila, and termites, and discusses their general, biomedical and industrial applications in detail. It includes chapters focusing on insects as a food source, probiotics, silk-based biomaterials, insect pheromones, insects as biomedicine source, pupa oil chemistry, non-protein compounds from Lepidopteran insects, insect chitin and chitosan, polyphenols and flavonoids. Model insects like Bombyx mori or bees were domesticated in Asian countries thousands of years ago. Over time, natural products from these animals became industrialized and today they attracting increasing attention thanks to their sustainability and their manifold applications in agriculture and biomedicine. The book is intended for entomologists, material scientists, natural product researchers and biotechnologists. .

This introduces the theoretical and practical guide of NOSES. The book introduced 10 different techniques of NOSES for colorectal neoplasms based on extensive high-quality surgical images. The first part mainly describes the development process of NOSES and the current achievements of these techniques which will provide readers a general understanding of NOSES. The second part elaborates on ten different surgical procedures specific to position of tumor location of NOSES in detail. All key technical points and operational skills regarding to NOSES are displayed by both high-quality images. The indications and contraindications are also strictly determined in this book. In addition to the elaboration of NOSES, each chapter of this book also conduct a detailed and comprehensive analysis the hot spots, technical difficulties and key issues with regard to laparoscopic surgery for colorectal cancer. This book is suitable for the colorectal cancer surgeons and doctors of general surgery.

This book introduces readers to nine techniques for natural orifice specimen extraction surgery (NOSES) in gastric cancer and fifteen different techniques for NOSES in colorectal cancer, respectively, based on extensive high-quality surgical images. The first part mainly describes the development process of NOSES and preoperative preparation,offering readers a general understanding of NOSES. In turn, the second and third parts elaborate on the surgical procedures for gastrointestinal cancer. All key technical points and operational skills regarding NOSES are covered, and the indications and contraindications are clearly defined. In addition, the book provides a detailed and comprehensive analysis of the hot spots, technical difficulties and key issues with regard to laparoscopic surgery for gastrointestinal cancer. Accordingly, it offers an essential guide for gastrointestinal cancer surgeons and general surgeons.

Part 1. Natural Product Drugs and Cancer Therapeutics -- The Impact of Natural Products Upon Cancer Chemotherapy / A. Ganesan -- Identification and Development of Vascular Disrupting Agents: Natural Products That Interfere with Tumor Growth / Andrea T. Hooper, Frank Loganzo, Chad May and Hans-Peter Gerber -- Discodermolide: Past, Present, and Future / Ross E. Longley -- HDAC Inhibitors and Other Histone Modifying Natural Products as Emerging Anticancer Agents / Lilibeth A. Salvador and Hendrik Luesch -- Natural Product Cytotoxins as Payloads for Antibody Drug Conjugates / Frank E. Koehn -- Part 2. Advances in Natural Product Cancer Drug Discovery -- Natural Product Scaffolds in Cancer Therapy / Christian P. Mang and Lars Ole Haustedt -- The Role of Genetic Engineering in Natural Product-Based Anticancer Drug Discovery / Claudia Eva-Maria Unsin, Scott R. Rajski and Ben Shen -- Accessing Anti-cancer Natural Products by Plant Cell Culture / Lisa M. Leone and Susan C. Roberts -- Natural Products as Tools for Discovering New Cancer Targets / John A. Beutler.

Natural Products and Drug Discovery: An Integrated Approach provides an applied overview of the field, from traditional medicinal targets, to cutting-edge molecular techniques. Natural products have always been of key importance to drug discovery, but as modern techniques and technologies have allowed researchers to identify, isolate, extract and synthesize their active compounds in new ways, they are once again coming to the forefront of drug discovery. Combining the potential of traditional medicine with the refinement of modern chemical technology, the use of natural products as the basis for drugs can help in the development of more environmentally sound, economical, and effective drug discovery processes. Natural Products & Drug Discovery: An Integrated Approach reflects on the current changes in this field, giving context to the current shift and using supportive case studies to highlight the challenges and successes faced by researchers in integrating traditional medicinal sources with modern chemical technologies. It therefore acts as a useful reference to medicinal chemists, phytochemists, biochemists, pharma R&D professionals, and drug discovery students and researchers.

Natural products have a long history of use as folk medicines in several systems of traditional medicine. Extensive evidence from modern pharmacological studies has confirmed traditional applications, and unveiled the vast potential of naturally occurring compounds, particularly plant-derived phytochemicals, in the management of chronic human diseases. The past decade has witnessed a surge of findings from randomized controlled trials testifying the safety and efficacy of natural products as adjuncts or alternatives to standard-of-care medications for several illnesses. Biomolecular studies have unveiled hundreds of cellular and molecular targets for phytochemicals including key transcription factors, receptors, enzymes, hormones, neurotransmitters, cytokines, lipids, and non-coding RNAs. Extensive research on the preventative and therapeutic effects of natural products necessitates regular updating of the literature as to the developing potential roles of these compounds in different human diseases. This new book provides an overview of the current pharmacological and clinical features of natural products, and the role of phytopharmaceutical compounds in health and diseases. Chapters cover a wide scope, from cancers, to chronic and age-related disorders, and are written by leading international subject experts. Collectively, chapters will provide useful insights on the regulatory effects of phytochemicals and nutraceuticals on pathogenic molecular signatures associated with pathologies, disease biomarkers, and aging-related pathways.

This book discusses the efficacy of various naturally occurring chemopreventive agents in preventing or delaying cancer. It focuses on the holistic chemopreventive concept, demonstrating the relevant response is the combined effect of a series of compounds that alone have been shown to have some effect in different experimental models. Written by leading experts in the field, the contributions provide details of research on various chemopreventive agents. Offering insights into the unique molecular targets and mechanisms, safety issues, molecular efficacy, and occurrence in nature of these compounds, the book is a valuable resource for all scientists working in biomedicine, and specifically in cancer research. .

Marine algae: A source of biomass for biotechnological applications -- Structure and function of macroalgal natural products -- Spectrophotometric assays of major compounds extracted from algae -- Extraction and enrichment of protein from red and green macroalgae -- Extraction and purification of r-phycoerythrin from marine red algae -- Extraction and analysis of mycosporine-like amino acids in marine algae -- Extraction and purification of phlorotannins from brown algae -- Enzyme-enhanced extraction of antioxidant ingredients from algae -- Microwave-assisted extraction of fucoidan from marine algae -- Extraction and analysis of oxylipins from macroalgae illustrated on the example gracilaria vermiculophylla -- Lipids and fatty acids in algae: Extraction, fractionation into lipid classes, and analysis by gas chromatography coupled with flame ionization detector (GC-FD) -- HRMAS NMR analysis of algae and identification of molecules of interest via conventional 1d and 2d nmr: Sample preparation and optimization of experimental conditions -- Extraction, purification, and NMR analysis of terpenes from brown algae -- Extraction, isolation, and identification of sesquiterpenes from laurencia species -- The use of HPLC for the characterization of phytoplankton pigments -- Characterization of phlorotannins from brown algae by lc-hrms -- Analysis of betaines from marine algae using lc-ms-ms -- Analysis of marine biotoxins using lc-ms/ms -- Fucoidan analysis by tandem maldi-tof and esi mass spectrometry -- Determination of substitution patterns of galactans from green seaweeds of the bryopsidales -- Structural characterization of a hybrid carrageenan-like sulfated galactan from a marine red alga furcellaria lumbricalis -- Characterization of alginates by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and vibrational spectroscopy (IR, NIR, RAMAN) in combination with chemometrics -- Imaging and identification of marine algal bioactive compounds by surface enhanced raman spectroscopy (SERS) -- In vitro protocols for measuring the antioxidant capacity of algal extracts -- Disk diffusion assay to assess the antimicrobial activity of marine algal extracts -- Screening of a marine algal extract for antifungal activities -- Protocol for assessing antifouling activities of macroalgal extracts.

The past decade has seen the reappearance of natural products as a valuable source of potent therapeutics. Here, experts on bioactive natural products cover the full spectrum of clinically relevant enzymes that are known to be targeted by natural products. Key enzymes include acetylcholine esterase, angiotensin-I-converting enzyme, cyclooxygenase, dihydrofolate reductase, phospholipase A2, respiratory complexes, and many more. By connecting the diversity of medicinal natural product sources with their potential clinical applications, this volume serves as a companion for the medicinal chemist looking for innovative small molecule compounds as well as for pharmacologist interested in the clinical effects and mode of action of herbal and traditional medicines.

This book is an outcome of the keynote/lead papers presented by the experts from different disciplines in the Indian Ecological Society International Conference 2016 on "Natural Resource Management: Ecological Perspectives", organized at the Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Jammu, India. The book captures the essence of natural resource management from the intra and interdisciplinary perspectives of agricultural sciences (entomology, plant pathology, plant breeding and genetics, agronomy and soil sciences), social sciences (resource economics, agricultural extension education), medical sciences, and environmental sciences to stimulate discussion on the ecological perspectives of natural resource management. Wide-ranging topics on land and water resources, biodiversity, integrated farming system, role of microbes in agriculture, climate change and its impact on human health and crop pests, exploiting chemical ecology for pest management, human disease-causing pesticides, beneficial insects like lac insects, integrated pest management, resistance management in insect pests and Bt cotton, and diffusion and adoption of ecologically sustainable technologies at individual and organizational level are covered in the book. The book will serve the professionals, researchers, academia, government, industry and students.

The Systems Ecology Paradigm (SEP) incorporates humans as integral parts of ecosystems and emphasizes issues that have significant societal relevance such as grazing land, forestland, and agricultural ecosystem management, biodiversity and global change impacts. Accomplishing this societally relevant research requires cutting-edge basic and applied research. This book focuses on environmental and natural resource challenges confronting local to global societies for which the SEP methodology must be utilized for resolution. Key elements of SEP are a holistic perspective of ecological/social systems, systems thinking, and the ecosystem approach applied to real world, complex environmental and natural resource problems. The SEP and ecosystem approaches force scientific emphasis to be placed on collaborations with social scientists and behavioral, learning, and marketing professionals. The SEP has given environmental scientists, decision makers, citizen stakeholders, and land and water managers a powerful set of tools to analyse, integrate knowledge, and propose adoption of solutions to important local to global problems.

This book contests the general view that natural selection constitutes the explanatory core of evolutionary biology. It invites the reader to consider an alternative view which favors a more complete and multidimensional interpretation. It is common to present the 1930-1960 period as characterized by the rise of the Modern Synthesis, an event structured around two main explanatory commitments: (1) Gradual evolution is explained by small genetic changes (variations) oriented by natural selection, a process leading to adaptation; (2) Evolutionary trends and speciational events are macroevolutionary phenomena that can be accounted for solely in terms of the extension of processes and mechanisms occurring at the previous microevolutionary level.^On this view, natural selection holds a central explanatory role in evolutionary theory - one that presumably reaches back to Charles Darwin's Origin of Species - a view also accompanied by the belief that the field of evolutionary biology is organized around a profound divide: theories relying on strong selective factors and those appealing only to weak ones. If one reads the new analyses presented in this volume by biologists, historians and philosophers, this divide seems to be collapsing at a rapid pace, opening an era dedicated to the search for a new paradigm for the development of evolutionary biology. Contrary to popular belief, scholars' position on natural selection is not in itself a significant discriminatory factor between most evolutionists.^In fact, the intellectual space is quite limited, if not non-existent, between, on the one hand, "Darwinists", who play down the central role of natural selection in evolutionary explanations, and, on the other hand, "non-Darwinists", who use it in a list of other evolutionary mechanisms. The "mechanism-centered" approach to evolutionary biology is too incomplete to fully make sense of its development. In this book the labels created under the traditional historiography - "Darwinian Revolution", "Eclipse of Darwinism", "Modern Synthesis", "Post-Synthetic Developments"--Are thus re-evaluated. This book will not only appeal to researchers working in evolutionary biology, but also to historians and philosophers."

This book discusses 120 types of natural, small-molecule drugs derived from plants. They are grouped into 7 parts according their clinical uses, such as drugs for cardiovascular diseases, for metabolic diseases, for neuropsychiatric diseases, for immune-mediated inflammatory diseases, anti-tumor drugs, and drugs for parasites and bacterial infection. Each chapter systematically summarizes one drug, including its physicochemical properties, sources, pharmacological effects and clinical applications. To help readers understand the drug better, the research and pharmacological activity for each drug is also described, which serves as a salutary lesson for future drug development. Written by frontline researchers, teachers and clinicians working in field of pharmacy and pharmacology it provides an overview of natural, small-molecule drugs derived from plants for researchers in the field.

This book advances biomedical innovations to address the plethora of health problems afflicting the developing world. A panoply of cultural, economic, infrastructural, and other factors prevent many interventions currently popular in the developed world from being similarly effective in the developing world. This book discusses less-traditional approaches, such as naturally based biomaterials and therapeutics, an area that has traditionally been overlooked but has also demonstrated impressive potential for health applications in recent years. This book explores precisely the kinds of applications which can enable countries like India to access more effective, inexpensive treatments while also taking more ownership of their healthcare technologies and innovations.

The Nature and Use of Ecotoxicological Evidence: Natural Science, Statistics, Psychology, and Sociology examines how toxicologists and environmental professionals come to understand and make decisions about possible harm from pollutants. Drawing on concepts and techniques from the natural, social and mathematical sciences, the book emphasizes how pollutant-related evidence is gathered, assessed, communicated and applied in decision-making. Each chapter begins with a real-world example before exploring fundamental cognitive, social, statistical or natural science concepts to explain the opening example. Methods from other disciplines for recognizing, reducing or removing the influence of impediments in wise decision-making are highlighted in each chapter. Misreading evidence by the scientific community, and miscommunication to regulators and the public, remain major impediments to wise action in pollution issues. Which evidence comes to dominate the dialogue among scientists, regulators and decision makers depends on social and scientific dynamics. Yet psychological and sociological factors that influence the movement of evidence through scientific communities to regulators receive cursory discussion by professionals unfamiliar with the sociology literature. Toxicologists, environmental scientists, psychologists and professionals and students across the sciences will find the book useful for understanding how evidence is generated, assessed and communicated in their own fields.

This book, endorsed by the International Council of Nurses, explores a new conversation around scholarly talents for advanced candidate /nurse practitioners that comprise a variety of forms such as teaching, synthesis, discovery, engagement and application. It offers an expansive view of Boyer’s scholarship, with a call to action for advanced candidate /nurse practitioners to thoughtfully plan and map their personal goals and capabilities, that will mark them as professionals and future scholars needed in today’s challenging and changing professional workplace. Knowing how to apply the various forms of scholarship to problems of practice within one’s field of expertise and the implications of Boyer’s pillars of scholarship for advanced candidate / nurse practitioners are interweaved throughout this book. The volume discusses the science of career cartography, alongside legacy planning and career mapping. The toolkit illustrates a guide for advanced candidate /nurse practitioners to create their individual career legacy map and reflect on how they wish to contribute to the discipline of nursing, while working to improve the lives of others. This book serves as a catalyst for robust conversations among scholar practitioners on the very nature of clinical scholarship

This book offers comprehensive coverage of naturopathic medicine. The principles and values of this profession are already clearly stated (i.e., Find and Treat the Cause; Treat the Whole Person, etc.), but few are the textbooks that directly compare it to conventional or allopathic medicine. To paraphrase the historian of medicine Harris Coulter in this approach the body reacts creatively to stressors and the Empirical school or natural medicine approach is more focused on supporting adaptive responses than suppressing symptoms. This is not an attempt to argue that all health issues can get better on their own or that conventional medical interventions arent capable of producing stellar outcomes, but there remains a concurrent need for a naturopathic approach that helps rebuild the body. This book presents an approach in medicine that works to support adaptive responses of the body, reduce maladaptive responses, address determining factors of health, and sometimes create temporary homeostasis with agents such as drugs (or certain natural medicines). In terms of the basis of disease states, the book teaches about how the lack of coordination in the bodys bioregulatory systems can lead to disease, as well as the impact of irreversible degeneration, genetic damage, chronic stress, etc. The book takes the reader to some of the more common and well described reasons for these states of dysfunction, how to assess a patient, and how various natural therapies impact root causes of disease, the long term consequences, and the various clinical manifestations. The book then takes a systems approach cardiovascular, pulmonary, etc. This is where most books on the subject start, but instead of breaking out a number of conditions and giving protocols of diet, supplements, herbs etc., the author examines how to restore stability and function to that system. Special topics are then covered, ranging from lifespan/primary care considerations to the role of research, the rise of advanced data analytics as decision assistance, to the environmental, cultural, and global determinants of health. Each chapter will additionally include tables that summarize key diagnosis or treatment points, arrayed in an order that reflects the model presented in the book. This is an ideal guide for students in naturopathic medicine, as well as physicians and medical professionals looking to learn more about this field aimed towards maximizing patient resilience.

This book is the first comprehensive work summarizing the advances that have been made in the neurosurgical use of navigated transcranial magnetic stimulation (nTMS) over the past ten years. Having increasingly gained acceptance as a presurgical mapping modality in neurosurgery, today it is widely used for preoperative mapping of cortical motor and language function, risk stratification and improving the accuracy of subcortical fiber bundle visualization. This unique work will provide neurosurgeons and neuroscientists who are starting their nTMS program essential and detailed information on the technique and protocols, as well as the current clinical evidence on and limitations of the various applications of nTMS. At the same time, more experienced nTMS users looking for deeper insights into nTMS mapping and treatment in neurosurgery will find clearly structured, accessible information. The book was prepared by an international mix of authors, each of which was chosen for their status as a respected expert on the respective subtopic, as evinced by their landmark publications on nTMS.

This book discusses the management of various aspects of the professional life of newly qualified urologists as well as more experienced urologists. It features clear, easy-to-read chapters covering various topics, including clinical and surgical patient care, administrative duties, and research despite the increasing constraints on time and resources in today's hectic practice environment. Navigating Organized Urology: A Practical Guide systematically presents a range of practical strategies for a successful transition from trainee to practising urologist, while also offering more experienced urologists a fresh perspective on efficient management and successful adaptation of their practices for the modern age. -- Provided by publisher.

This extensively revised second edition of the text discusses the management of various aspects of the professional life of newly qualified urologists as well as more experienced urologists. It features clear, easy-to-read chapters covering various topics, including clinical and surgical patient care, administrative duties, and research in today's hectic practice environment. New topics covered include how to manage an operating theater, telemedicine and how to manage crisis situations. Lessons acquired from the authors experiences of the COVID-19 Pandemic are also detailed. Navigating Organized Urology: A Practical Guide systematically presents a range of practical strategies for a successful transition from trainee to practicing urologist, while also offering more experienced urologists a fresh perspective on efficient management and successful adaptation of their practices for the modern age.

"The past decade has seen major advances in image-guided spine surgery techniques, with robotically assisted approaches emerging in the last five years. While early adopters of this technology paved the way for more widespread use of navigated and robotic systems, barriers still exist. Navigation and Robotics in Spine Surgery by master spine surgeon Alexander Vaccaro and esteemed co-editors Jaykar Panchmatia, David Kaye, and Srinivas Prasad addresses existing issues such as the perception of increased upfront costs, intrusion on current workflow, and a lack of understanding about the potential ways these technologies can enhance the surgical experience and improve patient outcomes. Organized into six sections, the book starts with evidence-based fundamentals of navigated spine surgery and robotics including discussion of instrumentation and mechanics. Sections 2-5 serve as a surgical handbook for spine surgeons who wish to introduce these technologies into practice or augment their current repertoire with more complex techniques. Topics range from more routine procedures such as navigated and robotic minimally invasive TLIF to complex approaches like intraoperative ultrasound guided intradural spinal tumor resection. The final section looks at future directions and potential new applications for these technologies. Key Highlights An impressive group of international spine surgeons who pioneered navigation and robotic surgery techniques share invaluable tricks of the trade Discussion of fluoroscopy- and intraoperative CT-based platforms, applications for intraoperative sonography, and radiation exposure and minimization strategies Special topics include OR set-up and workflow, surmounting the learning curve, artificial intelligence, and lessons learned from other industries"-- Provided by publisher.

The book introduces the using of navigation assisted robotic system in orthopedic surgery. The system is based on real-time 3D navigation. In the first part, it covers spine surgery, which includes pedicle screw fixation on cervical, thoracic, lumbar spine, dens screw fixation, Margerl screw fixation, PVP, PKP, and MED. The second part is about trauma surgery, which covers screw fixation in pelvis fracture and acetabulum fracture. This book is mainly written for spine surgeons, neurosurgeons, and traumatic orthopedic surgeons.

This book offers a comprehensive overview of the fundamentals of navigation surgery in the head and neck region. Navigation is particularly important in difficult and limited exposure areas, such as the orbit and deep spaces of the head and neck. With the aid of navigation systems, an expert can palpably and accurately measure the amount of bone removed during fracture reductions or resections of bony masses procedures. In addition to reducing surgery time for soft tissue lesions, navigation technique also allows for minimally invasive access to lesions without extensive dissection that is often required for traditional open approaches. Navigation can also be extremely helpful in locating and retrieving foreign bodies. Chapters cover navigation in a variety of different surgical specialties including, but not limited to, trauma surgery, implant surgery, and orthogenetic surgery. Chapters also discuss surgical pathology as well as guided surgeries. The book features detailed case presentations for each surgery sub-topic and discusses future advances in the field that are currently in development. Navigation in Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery is a must-have resource for clinicians, professionals, and practitioners in the fields of oral & maxillofacial surgery, otorhinolaryngology-head & neck surgery, trauma surgery, and plastic surgery, as well as researchers and postgraduate students in related fields.

Surviving the NCLEX -- Care of the Adult -- Care of the Psychiatric Client -- Maternal-Neonatal Care -- Care of the Child -- Issues in Nursing -- Appendices.

This heavily revised book features a variety of cases detailing potential complications in cardiac surgery. Clinical scenarios associated with conundrums and unforeseen circumstances are presented, including minimally invasive and hybrid procedures as well as temporary mechanical circulatory support. Discussions emphasize critical details in preoperative assessment and intraoperative sensemaking, decision making and error recovery. Chapters are structured as unknowns, presenting findings as one would experience the events clinically and challenging the reader to develop their own rescue strategies. Relevant references for further reading are included, enabling the reader to further develop their knowledge base. Near Misses in Cardiac Surgery is a concise case-based resource featuring instructions on how to deal with potential complications associated with cardiac surgery. The work's multi-disciplinary authorship ensures it is a valuable resource for all medical professionals involved in the care of cardiac surgical patients.

Authored by ""a superb clinician and award-winning teacher, ""* Near Misses in Pediatric Anesthesiology, Second Edition is a thorough updating and significant expansion of this popular case book in the newest anesthesiology subspecialty to be approved by the American Board of Medical Specialties. The book comprises 87 true-story clinical ""near misses, "" including 40 cases that are brand new. Recommendations, references, and discussion accompany each case. The cases provide an ideal basis for problem-centered learning and also model how to learn from experience and to maintain professionalism.

"From racial hierarchies to authentic storytelling, the narrative of Mississippi is one of contrasts that parallel and amplify larger national trends in many ways. To study Mississippi, where RWJF held its fifth annual Sharing Knowledge conference in March 2020, is to learn how structural racism was built, venerated, and fiercely defended in the United States to maintain the status quo of non-White disenfranchisement. Yet the story of the state is also one of strength, rooted in a people who have worked collectively and in community to fight a system designed to punch back"-- Provided by publisher.

"Neck dissection is a surgical procedure to remove cancerous lymph nodes, on patients diagnosed with cancer of the mouth, tongue, thyroid gland, or other areas of the throat or neck. There are three main types of neck dissection: Radical - all tissue on the side of the neck from the jawbone to the collarbone is removed. The muscle, nerve, salivary gland, and major blood vessel in this area are removed. Modified - all lymph nodes are removed. More neck tissue is spared. Selective - fewer lymph nodes have to be removed. The muscle, nerve, and blood vessel in the neck may also be saved. Neck Dissection will be an authoritative text edited by two distinguished surgeons, covering fundamentals of the various dissection types and which approach to use depending on patient clinical findings. The print text will be supplemented with surgical videos"-- Provided by publisher.

Introduction to the necropsy -- Necropsy basics -- The necropsy procedure -- The integumentary system -- The musculoskeletal system -- The cardiovascular system -- The respiratory system -- The alimentary system -- The liver and pancreas -- The genitourinary system -- The nervous system -- The eye and ear -- The endocrine system -- The lymphoreticular system -- Necropsy of other small mammals -- Necropsy of fetuses and newborns -- Cytology -- Histopathology -- Infectious disease testing -- Toxicology testing -- Packaging and shipping samples.

Cell death is an essential process in development, and a major contributor to a wide range of human diseases. Three major classifications of cell death, apoptosis, autophagic cell death and necrosis, have been described for years, and the existence of many more forms of cell death is now accepted. In, Necrosis: Methods and Protocols experts in the field provide a wide range of methods and techniques for the study of necrosis in vitro and in vivo. These include methods and techniques for the analysis of necrosis in mammalian cells, characterization of alternative forms of cell death: entosis and pyroptosis, and analysis of cell death in non-mammalian model sytems and mammalian tissues, including chapters on skin, brain, and heart. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and key tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. -- Publisher website.

This volume aims to enhance the current understanding of clinical features, treatment and pathogenic aspects in necrotizing soft tissue infections. Various representative case studies are discussed to enhance the readers' understanding of these complex diseases. Necrotizing soft tissue infections are rapidly spreading infections that may cause extensive soft tissue or limb loss, multiorgan failure and are associated with a considerable fatality rate. It is undisputed that rapid diagnosis and prompt intervention is directly related to survival. The initial presentation may be limited to unspecific symptoms such as tenderness, swelling, erythema and pain. Thus, diagnosis and management are challenging due to heterogeneity in clinical presentation, in co-morbidities, in microbiological aetiology, as well as in the pathogenic mechanisms. An international and multidisciplinary consortium, INFECT, has for the last 6 years been pursuing research aimed to advance the understanding of the clinical and pathogenic aspects of these infections. A central part has been to create a comprehensive clinical registry and associated biobank which have also formed the basis for the experimental studies. Using the INFECT patient cohort, as well as an integrated systems biology approach in patients and clinically relevant experimental models, an advanced insight of diagnostic features, causative microbial agents, treatment strategies, and pathogenic mechanisms (host and bacterial disease traits and their underlying interaction network) has been obtained.

Contents -- 1. deel. Inleiding, organismale en algemeene physiologie -- 2. deel. Bloed en lymphe, ademhaling en spijsvertering -- 3. deel. Hart, bloedsomloop, voortplanting -- 5. deel. Centraal Zenuwstelsel.

This book describes the sequencing efforts for Neem (Azadirachta indica A. Juss), one of the most versatile tropical evergreen tree species. The neem tree is a source of various natural products, including the potent biopesticide azadirachtin and limonoids, which have a broad spectrum of activity against insect pests and microbial pathogens. To identify genes and pathways in neem, three neem genomes and several transcriptomes are studied using next-generation sequencing technologies. Neem has been extensively used in Ayurveda, Unani and homoeopathic medicine and is often referred to as the 'village pharmacy by natives due to its wealth of medicinal properties. Besides the description of the genome, this book discusses the neem microbiome and its role in the production of neem metabolites like salanin, nimbin and exopy-azadirachtin under in vitro conditions. It also highlights cell and tissue culture using various neem explants including the leaf, root, shoot, cambium, etc.

Neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) are a group of diseases frequently found in impoverished communities in tropical and sub-tropical countries. The risk for many of the NTDs is high in both deprived urban and rural areas of East Asia. Adapted to the endemic settings and characteristics of the diseases, a range of tools and strategies are currently being rolled out for the large-scale control of many NTDs. Both vector control measures and community sensitization programmes have for example been used to control dengue in urbanized settings. Challenges posed by yaws and lymphatic filariasis are being addressed by mass drug administration, while rabies requires the involvement of the veterinary public health sector for disease control. For leprosy, an elimination target has been defined; however, achieving this goal remains a considerable challenge. Food-borne trematodiases, on the other hand, are emerging and require a deeper understanding of its burden in East Asia and how these diseases can be tackled in a cost-effective manner. Finally, factors, such as an increase of non-communicable diseases due to changing lifestyles which accompany economic growth, the spreading HIV epidemic as well as climate change and the occurrence of natural disasters can potentially affect the epidemiology and control of NTDs. This volume discusses the mentioned topics in detail with contributions by experts in the respective research areas from different working environments.

This volume of the Neglected Tropical Diseases (NTD) series covers the most prevalent NTDs in North America. This book discusses in detail pathology, diagnostics and control approaches of selected NTDs in the sub-tropical regions of the United States of America. There are disproportionate numbers of children and adults living in poverty within the United States that are at risk of infections caused by helminths, protozoa, viruses and bacteria which commonly lead to chronic, debilitating and stigmatizing diseases. Each chapter focuses on one specific disease or series of related diseases, and provides in-depth insights into the topic.

It has long been theorized that people living in poor areas have more health problems than their more advantaged peers. More recently, science has been testing this hypothesis, concentrating on the impact of the built environment on well-being and its contribution to health inequities.Neighbourhood Structure and Health Promotion offers sociology-based theory and evidence-based findings so readers may better understand the effects of place on health choices, behaviour, and outcomes. This international volume analyzes the complex relationships among neighbourhood conditions and characteristics,

"Concise, readable, and up to date, Nelson Essentials of Pediatrics, 9th Edition, provides the must-know information you need in pediatrics from the name you trust. A readable, full-color format; high-yield, targeted chapters; and thorough content updates ensure strong coverage of core knowledge as well as recent advances in the field. This focused resource is ideal for medical students, pediatric residents, PAs, and nurse practitioners in various educational and practice settings, including pediatric residencies, clerkships, and exams"--Publisher's description.

Sore throat -- Cough -- Respiratory distress -- Earache -- Apparent life threatening event--brief resolved unexplained event -- Syncope and dizziness -- Chest pain -- Murmurs -- Failure to thrive -- Abdominal pain -- Diarrhea -- Vomiting and regurgitation -- Gastrointestinal bleeding -- Hepatomegaly -- Jaundice -- Constipation -- Abdominal masses -- Dysuria -- Proteinuria -- Hematuria -- Acute and chronic scrotal swelling -- Menstrual problems and vaginal bleeding -- Disorders of sex development -- Intellectual and developmental disability -- Dysmorphology -- Irritable infant -- Unusual behaviors -- Headaches -- Hypotonia, weakness, and stroke -- Paroxysmal disorders -- Altered mental status -- Eye disorders -- Arthritis -- Gait disturbances -- Back pain in children and adolescents -- Lymphadenopathy and neck masses -- Pallor and anemia -- Bleeding and thrombosis -- Fever -- Fever and rash -- Recurrent fever, infections, immune disorders, and autoinflammatory diseases -- Disorders of puberty -- Short stature -- Hypoglycemia -- Urinary incontinence and polyuria -- Acid--base and electrolyte disturbances -- Congenital cutaneous lesions and infantile rashes -- Acquired rashes in the older child.

"Nelson Pediatric Symptom-Based Diagnosis, by Drs. Robert M. Kliegman, Brett Bordini, Heather Toth, and Donald Basel is intended to help the reader begin with a specific chief complaint that may be seen in many different disease entities. It is arranged in chapters that cover specific symptoms mirroring clinical practice. For example, patients do not usually present with a chief complaint of cystic fibrosis; rather, they may present with a cough, respiratory distress, or chronic diarrhea. With a user-friendly, well-tabulated, illustrated approach, this text will help the reader differentiate between the many disease states causing a common symptom."-Publisher's description.

Nelson's Neonatal Antimicrobial Therapy is your go-to reference for treating neonates with infectious diseases. This handy reference provides evidence-based recommendations from leading experts in antimicrobial therapy for the treatment of infectious diseases in neonates.

This book aims to provide readers with a current overview of enrolling trials with immune-checkpoint inhibitors in the preoperative setting of localized bladder cancer, renal cell carcinoma, and prostate cancer. The advent of immunotherapy has revolutionized treatments of genitourinary malignancy and evolved strategies for multidisciplinary management. This book explains neoadjuvant checkpoint inhibitors in localized genitourinary cancers, providing insights into the mechanisms of response and development of resistance of cancer cells to immunotherapy. It debates optimal trial design of preoperative checkpoint inhibitors in GU tumors, including optimal endpoints and the role of pathologic response as a surrogate endpoint of survival. It also illuminates clinical management of patients with organ-confined GU tumors, such as side effect management and perioperative safety, before providing an overview of biomarker use for patient selection across the early-stage GU malignancies. Lastly, the book provides the reader with the most up-to-date data emerging from clinical trials involving immunotherapy in early-stage GU malignancies. Neoadjuvant Immunotherapy Treatment of Localized Genitourinary Cancers: Multidisciplinary Management provides a comprehensive review of the field, serving as a valuable resource for urologists, medical oncologists, pathologists, fellows in urologic oncology, upper-level residents training in urology and medical oncology, as well as pharmacists interested in RCC clinicians.

Neoadjuvant therapy in breast cancer / Mario Campone & Jean-Sébastien Frenel -- Ask the experts : neoadjuvant therapy : current options / Mark Beresford -- Evaluation of complete pathologic response / Audrey Mailliez, Géraldine Lauridant-Philippin & Jacques M Bonneterre -- Recommendation and predictors of pathologic response / Vladimir F. Semiglazov & Vladislav V. Semiglazov -- Combination chemotherapy and targeted agents / Victoria Brown & Stephen Chan -- Role of radiation after neoadjuvant chemotherapy / Michelle A. Kraay & Janice A. Lyons -- Monoclonal antibody therapy / Jean-Sébastien Frenel & Mario Campone -- Multiple choice questions : answers.

1. Did ebola emerge in West Africa by a policy-driven phase change in agroecology? -- 2. Ebola in the hog sector: modeling pandemic emergence in commodity livestock -- 3. Did neoliberalizing West Africa's forests produce a vaccine-resistant ebola? -- 4. Introducing pandemic control theory -- 5. The social amplification of pandemics and other disasters -- Index.

Fetal Skin Development -- Structure and Function of Newborn Skin -- Lesional Morphology and Assessment -- Skin of the Premature Infant -- Neonatal Skin Care and Toxicology -- Diagnostic and Therapeutic Procedures -- Transient Benign Cutaneous Lesions in the Newborn -- Iatrogenic and Traumatic Injuries -- Developmental Abnormalities -- Vesicles, Pustules, Bullae, Erosions, and Ulcerations -- Inherited and Acquired Blistering Diseases -- Bacterial Infections -- Viral Infections -- Fungal Infections, Infestations, and Parasitic Infections in Neonates and Infants -- Eczematous Disorders -- Papulosquamous and Lichenoid Disorders -- Diaper Area Eruptions -- Erythrodermas, Immunodeficiency, and Metabolic Disorders -- Disorders of Cornification (Ichthyosis) -- Immunologic, Reactive, and Purpuric Disorders -- Infantile Hemangiomas and Other Vascular Tumors -- Vascular Malformations -- Hypopigmentation Disorders -- Disorders of Hyperpigmentation and Melanocytes -- Acneiform and Sweat Gland Disorders -- Lumps, Bumps, and Hamartomas -- Disorders of the Subcutaneous Tissue -- Neoplastic and Infiltrative Diseases -- Selected Hereditary Diseases -- Neonatal Mucous Membrane Disorders -- Hair Disorders -- Nail Disorders.

Learn to improve the respiratory care of neonates, infants, and children. Neonatal and Pediatric Respiratory Care, 5th Edition gives you a solid foundation in the assessment and treatment of respiratory disorders. Clear, full-color coverage simplifies the principles of respiratory care while emphasizing clinical application. A critical piece in respiratory care's total curriculum solution, this new edition includes all the changes in current clinical practice and in the education environment. Learning objectives at the beginning of each chapter break down key content into measurable behaviors, criteria, and conditions, and self-assessment questions provide an excellent review for the NBRC Neonatal/Pediatric Specialty exam.

This is the first comprehensive book in more than a decade in the very specialized field of neonatal anesthesia. Edited and written by a team of recognized experts in neonatal anesthesia, surgery, and intensive care, this volume is the quintessential clinical reference for perioperative care of these small patients. The considerations of developmental physiology and pharmacology, which influence anesthesia care and pain management, are clearly explained. Care for surgical and medical procedures, including sedation and monitoring in and out of the operating room, is detailed. Congenital disorders of all organ systems are described together with their current management. The special considerations for neonatal intensive care ? current recommendations for fluid, nutrition, and metabolic requirements, mechanical ventilation, and management of the airway ? are detailed. This topical volume concludes with a summary of complications and ethical considerations in the neonate.

"Neonatal Cardiology is the trusted go-to guide for pediatricians and neonatologists needing concise, practical guidance on the evaluation and management of newborns with heart disease and other cardiac functional abnormalities. Focusing on physiology, mechanics, and presentation of congenital heart disease, this full-color resource provides a succinct, yet complete overview of neonatal cardiology. Neonatal Cardiology opens with discussions of basic aspects of embryology of the heart and a review of normal and abnormal muscle function. From there, you are led through the clinical assessment of patients with an array of cardiac abnormalities. Management and treatment follow, beginning with a basic chapter on the principles of medical management, followed by drug therapy and post-operative care. The book concludes with a chapter on Epidemiology, Etiology, and Genetics of Congenital Heart Disease"--P. 4 of cover.

This new compendium gives you a single place to look for the most recent and trustworthy recommendations on quality care of pregnant women and their newborn infants.

Here is a compact, easy-to-use guide to neonatal cranial ultrasonography for both the novice and experienced practitioner. It provides essential information on the procedure as well as on  normal ultrasound anatomy. Includes high-quality ultrasound images.

This book discusses the key features of normal, age-dependent neonatal head and spine ultrasonography and the application of this modality to common and rare neonatal neurologic disorders. Ultrasonography is an incredibly versatile bedside imaging tool in detecting brain and spine abnormalities in neonates, monitoring the course of these lesions, and evaluating the maturation of the neonatal brain and spine. Organized to correspond to daily bedside practice, it presents a symptom-based approach and classifies neonatal neurologic disorders at presentation. For each disorder, clinical cases are presented that explore the differential diagnoses and are accompanied by high-quality ultrasound images that depict the abnormal findings. Topics include seizures, encephalopathy, hemiparesis, apnea, microcephaly, and neonatal spine abnormalities. Neonatal Head and Spine Ultrasonography is a succinct guide to this imaging modality and is a valuable resource for pediatric radiologists, neuroradiologists, neonatologists, and pediatricians.

Neonatal hematology is a fast-growing field, and the majority of sick neonates will develop hematological problems. This is an essential guide to the pathogenesis, diagnosis and management of hematologic problems in the neonate. Guidance is practical, including blood test interpretation, advice on transfusions and reference ranges for hematological values. Chapters have been thoroughly revised according to the latest advances in the field for this updated third edition. Topics discussed include erythrocyte disorders, platelet disorders, leukocyte disorders, immunologic disorders and hemostatic disorders. Coverage of oncological issues has been expanded to two separate chapters on leukemia and solid tumors, making information more easily accessible. Approaches to identifying the cause of anemia in a neonate are explained, with detailed algorithms provided to aid clinicians in practice. Covering an important hematologic niche with an ever increasing amount of specialized knowledge, this book is a valuable resource for hematologists, neonatologists and pediatricians.

This book is designed to succinctly cover the pathophysiology, epidemiology, clinical presentation, diagnosis and treatment, and important aspects of preventative care for the most frequently encountered neonatal and congenital infections. The first section discusses common neonatal infections acquired during or after delivery, including sepsis, meningitis, necrotizing enterocolitis, and other focal infections. The second section covers a wide range of congenital infections including cytomegalovirus, hepatitis, syphilis, and HIV. The final section discusses the basics of infection prevention, outbreak management, antibiotic stewardship, and immunizations in the nursery setting. Written by an expert in infectious diseases and neonatal/perinatal medicine, this book is the only resource focused exclusively on newborns that is both current and easily accessible. Handbook of Neonatal Infections is an excellent resource for infectious disease specialists, neonatologists, pediatricians, family practitioners, medical students, hospitalists, nurses, and all clinicians caring for infants in the nursery or neonatal intensive care unit.

"Written by leading APRN neonatal educators and clinicians, this authoritative study guide delivers all the tools neonatal nurse practitioners need to pass the National Certification Corporation (NCC) certification exam and the Continuing Competency Assessment (CCA). User friendly and concise, this review's content mirrors that of the actual exam and is structured in accordance with the most updated test plan blueprint. This resource's numerous exam-style questions and answers with rationales included in each chapter help readers uncover gaps in their knowledge. This review synthesizes the knowledge required to pass the exam, saving the reader time and effort by omitting extraneous material. In addition to spotlighting essential content throughout the text, recommended references provide the reader with the option to seek out additional information as needed. Additional benefits include important information about the exam along with savvy study and test-taking tips"--Publisher's description.

This textbook is written in line with the Council of International Neonatal Nurses, Inc. (COINN) vision for global unity for neonatal nursing. The core values and goals of COINN are based on excellence and advocacy for high quality newborn care, as well as respecting diversity by integrating cultural norms and values among the care of newborns and their families. The book promotes neonatal nursing as a global speciality through evidence, research, and education of neonatal nurses; and offers key examples of the millennium goals and global outcomes, as well as variations in outcomes for babies. The first part focuses on global perspectives of neonatal nursing from different continents aligning with the World Health Organizations' global regions: (The Americas -USA, Canada and South America-, Western Pacific region -Australia and New Zealand-, European region -UK and Europe-, African region, South-East Asia and Eastern Mediterranean region. For each region, education and competencies, challenges and opportunities, research and evidence-based practice (EBP) as well as practice regulations are described. The second part elaborates on key topics for neonatal nursing across the globe, such as the continuity of neonatal care in the community, patient and family centered care in neonatal settings, sleep and brain development, the fundamental care needs of the neonate and family and global perspectives on hypothermia, hypoglycaemia and hypoxia. Written in a formal academic but reader style, using key literature and evidence, this textbook enables an understanding from a large audience with academic levels and experience, both staff and students, bedside nurses, advanced practice nurses, midwifes and allied professionals. In addition, first person story based reflective narrative are interspersed throughout the book to capture the perspectives of nurses, staff and parents, in the form of vignettes. This textbook is aimed at neonatal nurses across the world as well as current and aspiring students in this field.

"This education guide provides a framework for educational content and skills verification for nurses who provide evidence-based care for newborns and infants."--Publisher's description.

"The Neonatal Nursing: Scope and Standards of Practice, 3rd Edition, is an essential document for every neonatal nurse practicing in the United States. The scope of practice statement answers the who, what, when, where, how, and why questions of neonatal nursing. The standards provide authoritative statements of the actions and behaviors that all registered neonatal nurses are expected to competently perform, regardless of role, population, specialty, and setting. The product of extensive thought work by many registered nurses, this new edition provides 17 national standards of practice and professional performance. Each standard is accompanied by detailed competencies for the three practice levels. This premier professional resource informs and guides neonatal nurses in their vital work providing safe, quality, and competent care. It is a must-have for every registered neonatal nurse"-- Provided by publisher.

Neonatal nurses face an ever-changing practice landscape that requires swift decisions and actions. This is an up-to-date, comprehensive, quick reference resource written specifically for neonatal nurses throughout the globe. Designed for speedy information retrieval, it encompasses vital information about commonly encountered conditions and procedures on the neonatal unit. The handbook is written by outstanding neonatal practitioners in accessible language and consistently formatted for ease of use. Illustrations, diagrams and flow charts enhance information, which is divided into sections covering Systems Assessment and Management of Disorders, Special Care Considerations, and Procedures and Diagnostic Tests. Appendices deliver such valuable tools for clinical practice as a list of common abbreviations and pertinent web resources. Also included are downloadable, digital, patient management tools, reusable templates, and quick-reference calculation tools. -- Provided by publisher.

"This handbook is a quick reference for nurses who care for the small and sick newborn. It addresses the most common conditions and procedures. The material is offered in an easy to use format and is meant to be a quick reference not a comprehensive one. It can be used by anyone providing care to this population. A systems approach is used in section I. Section II highlights special care considerations, and the final Section, III presents the common procedures, diagnostic tests, and lab values. The appendices house additional material on weights and temperatures, common abbreviations, and web resources. In this third edition, all chapters have been updated to reflect new evidence for neonatal nursing care. Additions include oral/nasogastric tube feedings, bottle feedings, high frequency ventilation and new ventilation techniques. There is a new section on Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome and Neonatal Opioid Withdrawal. This book can be used internationally to provide evidence based practice for consistent high-quality care in order to improve neonatal outcomes"-- Provided by publisher.

PART I Delivery and Pain -- Gonadal Hormones and Pain Modulation -- Stress and Pregnancy: CRF as Biochemical Marker -- Pain Control During Labour -- PART II Fetal Pain -- Ultrasound and Fetal Stress: Study of the Fetal Blink-Startle Reflex Evoked by Acoustic Stimuli -- Prenatal Affective Exchanges and Their Subsequent Effects in Postnatal Life -- Pain in the Fetus -- New Insights into Prenatal Stress: Immediate and Long-Term Effects on the Fetus and Their Timing -- PART III Neonatal Pain -- Pain Assessment and Spectral Analysis of Neonatal Crying -- Analgesic Procedures in Newborns -- Nonpharmacological Treatment of Neonatal Pain -- Sensory Saturation: An Analgesic Method -- Pharmacologic Analgesia in the Newborn -- Physical Stress Risk Agents in Incubators -- Fetal surgery analgesia -- PART IV Pain: a Risk Factor for Brain Damage -- Neonatal Stressors -- New Insights into Neonatal Hypersensitivity -- From the Gate-Control Theory to Brain Programs for Neonatal Pain -- PART V Pain and Communication -- Disclosure of Pathology to the Newborn's Family -- Communication of Diagnosis: Pain and Grief in the Experience of Parents of Children with a Congenital Malformation -- Invest in Prenatal Life: A High-Yield Stock.

This textbook details the nursing care of babies with life limiting conditions and sets the context within the philosophy of internationally collaborative neonatal palliative care emphasising emotional and practical support for their families. Currently, increasing interest from nursing and medical fields regarding palliative care for babies in the antenatal and neonatal period is evident. This innovative and unique text provides experienced nurses and student nurses alike with realistic guidance in caring for babies with palliative care needs, alongside the crucial support for their families and identifies important strategies for professional self care. Nursing experts in this field collaborated to develop a reference book which supports holistic and integrated clinical practice. Parents experiences of what they consider helpful or not so helpful are interwoven throughout the chapter. There is currently no other textbook which offers the above information and guidance specifically for nurses and allied health professionals. As such this book will appeal to all nurses and health professionals working within the neonatal palliative care specialty in a global context.

Maternal-fetal medicine -- Normal newborn care -- Asphyxia and resuscitation -- Cardiovascular function -- Respiratory function -- Genetics and dysmophism -- Nutrition -- Renal function -- Endocrinology -- Immunology -- Infectious diseases -- Gastroenterology -- Dermatology -- Hematology and oncology -- Neurology -- Development and behavior -- Pediatric surgery -- Basic principles of pharmacology -- Ethics and health services delivery -- Core knowledge in scholarly activities.

Influence of maturation and growth on drug metabolism from fetal to neonatal to adult life / Lindemalm, S.; van den Anker, J.N. -- How to translate pharmacokinetic data into dosing recommendations / Krekels, E.H.J.; Knibbe, C.A.J.; Pokorna, P.; Tibboel, D. -- Pharmacovigilance in neonatal intensive care / Turner, M.A.; Hill, H. -- Neonatal formulations and additives / Allegaert, K.; Turner, M.A.; van den Anker, J.N. -- Modelling and simulation to support neonatal clinical trials / Khalil, F.M.N.; Loër, S. -- A systematic review of paracetamol and closure of patent ductus arteriosus : are we ready for prime time? / Hammerman, C.; Mimouni, F.B.; Bin-Nun, A. -- Formulation of preterm formula : what's in it, and why? / Mimouni, F.B. Aviv; Mandel, D.; Lubetzky, R. -- Neonatal pharmacotherapy : legal and regulatory issues / Bax, R.; Tomasi, P.

This pocket atlas explains how to use pulmonary graphics as a valuable adjunct for patient management. Actual patterns commonly encountered in neonatal practice are presented side-by-side with schematic illustrations that take apart the graphic and identify its key features, accompanied by brief explanatory text. The book addresses the principles of real-time pulmonary graphics, discusses waveforms and loops, and examines how both are affected by mechanical ventilation and disease states. A series of clinical cases brings key points to life.

Developed by the leading experts in neonatal simulation, this innovative new resource delivers neonatology health care providers and educators essential guidance on designing, developing, and implementing simulation-based neonatal education programs.

This comprehensive, up-to-date reference on surgery in the neonate presents and explains the latest developments in the diagnosis and treatment of neonatal malformations and surgical pathologies. The coverage includes conditions involving the head and neck and the chest, disorders of the liver and biliary tract, gastrointestinal disorders, genitourinary conditions and malformations, anterior abdominal wall defects, tumors, and various other pathologies. For each condition, the pathogenesis and the most current and innovative surgical, and also medical, approaches are described with the aid of numerous illustrations. Minimally invasive strategies receive particular attention, and tips and tricks that will be of value in clinical practice are highlighted. The book includes a general part covering topics such as embryology, anatomy, prenatal diagnosis, and anesthesia and also provides detailed advice on pre- and postoperative care, with special consideration of nutritional problems. Neonatal Surgery will serve as an excellent guide for all pediatric and neonatal surgeons, whether in training or experienced.

This book provides a concise yet comprehensive review of neonatal transfusion medicine. The text covers major areas of the field, including chapters dedicated to pre transfusion testing, manufacturing, standards and storage; blood product administration; special congenital and acquired disorders in the neonate; hemolytic disease of the newborn; intrauterine transfusions; adverse reactions; and ECMO. The volume features contributions from a diverse group of experts in the field and include pathologists, anesthesiologists, neonatologists, a pediatric hematologist and oncologist, and a high-risk obstetrician. These authors contribute their unique expertise and perspectives to the practice of neonatal transfusion medicine and allow the reader to experience an in depth introduction to each of the chapter topics. Neonatal Transfusion Practices is a valuable, go-to reference that addresses some of the more frequent questions asked by clinicians and professionals who have limited exposure to neonatal transfusion practices. .

This landmark book, a reference work now in its second edition, provides healthcare practitioners in neonatology with an up-to-date, comprehensive source of readily accessible practical advice that will assist in the expert management of patients and their diverse illnesses. Leading experts in their fields discuss the underlying causes and mechanisms and all aspects of the treatment of the full range of neonatal diseases and abnormalities, citing the evidence base whenever appropriate. In addition, detailed information is provided on epidemiology and fetal medicine; therapeutic issues such as the organization of care, transport services, and home care after discharge; legal issues; nutrition; and the consequences of medication use during pregnancy, maternal drug abuse and smoking, and maternal diabetes. The inclusion of summaries, tables, and carefully selected guidelines and recommendations will supply practitioners with quick references and instant solutions during daily practice. The book will be a superb resource for all involved in the care of newborn babies, including neonatologists, pediatricians, pediatric surgeons, anesthesiologists, midwives, and nursing staff. It is published within the SpringerReference program, which delivers access to living editions constantly updated through a dynamic peer-review publishing process.

"Understand the fundamental principles of neonatology and learn evidence-based care strategies. With coverage that strikes the perfect balance between proven management approaches and fundamental principles, this unique resource combines the benefits of a comprehensive neonatology textbook with a practical procedural guide. You will get a detailed step-by-step instruction on diagnosis, management, and treatment of acute problems of the newborn as organized by organ system, based on the highest level of evidence available, along with a thorough review of topics such as epidemiology, ethics, legal issues in the NICU, monitoring devices, fluid requirements, and enteral nutrition."--Publisher's website.

This 7th edition provides practical and easily accessible information on the basic and advanced management of the neonate in a logical outline approach. All neonatal procedures, disorders, and pharmacology are covered, highlighting essential information. Features: provides quick answers to both common and rare clinical issues; the popular "On-Call Problems" section details more than 30 of the most common and critical clinical conditions faced in the NICU; comprehensive pharmacology section includes indications and use, actions, means of delivery, dosages, possible adverse effects for over 150 drugs.

This book provides a thorough overview of the radiologic and pathologic findings of neoplastic diseases of the biliary tract, a sound knowledge of which is essential for appropriate patient management. A key feature is the correlation of imaging findings with both gross pathologic and histopathologic findings for each disease. This is of the utmost importance in understanding true pathologic abnormalities, bearing in mind, for example, the difficulty in ascertaining disease spread and extent on the basis of pathology alone. Since the first edition of the book, conceptual understanding of neoplastic disease of the bile ducts and cholangiocarcinogenesis has evolved significantly, and in the new edition the classification of diseases is based on the most recent edition of the WHO Classification of Tumors of the Digestive System. In addition, some newly recognized pathologies are covered. The book will enhance understanding of the pathology of neoplastic diseases of the biliary tract and aid imaging interpretation. It will be a great asset for pathologists, radiologists, biliary surgeons, and gastroenterologists.

Neoplastic Diseases of the Blood" integrates the history, epidemiology, pathology, pathophysiology, and therapeutics of modern neoplastic hematopathology. The book is divided into five major sections, with the first four covering the spectrum of hematologic neoplasia - Chronic Leukemias and Related Disorders, Acute Leukemias, Myeloma and Related Disorders, and Lymphomas. The fifth section covers a variety of topics in supportive care. Now in its fifth edition, this classic and invaluable text brings together a team of internationally renowned experts and offers in-depth coverage of the complex interface between diagnosis and therapy. Chapters feature an accessible and easy-to-read layout and provide updates on the tremendous progress made in the last decade in the understanding of the nature of hematologic malignancies and their treatment. An authoritative and indispensable resource for students, trainees, and clinicians, this fifth edition is sure to distinguish itself as the definitive reference on this topic.

The new edition of this textbook integrates the history, epidemiology, pathology, pathophysiology, therapeutics, and supportive care of modern neoplastic hematopathology. Now in its sixth edition, this classic and invaluable text brings together a team of internationally renowned experts and offers in-depth coverage of the complex interface between diagnosis and therapy. The textbook is divided into five major sections, with the first four covering the spectrum of hematologic neoplasia, including chronic leukemias and related disorders, acute leukemias, myeloma and related disorders, and lymphomas, and the fifth section covering a variety of topics in supportive care. Chapters are presented in an accessible and easy-to-read layout, providing updates on the tremendous progress made in the last decade in the understanding of the nature of hematologic malignancies and their treatment. Neoplastic Diseases of the Blood, Sixth Edition is an authoritative and indispensable resource for students, trainees, and clinicians, sure to distinguish itself as the definitive reference on this subject.

This book provides a comprehensive overview of the patterns of biodiversity in various neotropical ecosystems, as well as a discussion on their historical biogeographies and underlying diversification processes. All chapters were written by prominent researchers in the fields of tropical biology, molecular ecology, climatology, paleoecology, and geography, producing an outstanding collection of essays, synthetic analyses, and novel investigations that describe and improve our understanding of the biodiversity of this unique region. With chapters on the Amazon and Caribbean forests, the Atlantic rainforests, the Andes, the Cerrado savannahs, the Caatinga drylands, the Chaco, and Mesoamerica - along with broad taxonomic coverage - this book summarizes a wide range of hypotheses, views, and methods concerning the processes and mechanisms of neotropical diversification. The range of perspectives presented makes the book a truly comprehensive, state-of-the-art publication on the topic, which will fascinate both scientists and general readers alike.

This pioneering book focuses on Neotropical endophytic fungi, providing a comprehensive overview of their diversity, ecology, and biotechnological applications in medicine, agriculture, and industry. Despite their rich diversity, the endophytic fungi associated with plants of Central and South American biomes remain largely unknown. The book addresses that knowledge gap by offering insights into Neotropic endophytic fungal community.

Ethnoprimatology is situated at the intersection between the biological and cultural subfields of anthropology. Research on the interface between human and nonhuman primates has been steadily increasing since 1997, when the term ethnoprimatology was first coined. Although there have been studies on human-nonhuman primate interactions in the tropical Americas, no single comprehensive volume has been published that integrates this information to fully understand it in this region. Eighteen novel chapters written by outstanding scholars with various backgrounds are included in this edited volume. They refer to the complex interconnections between different indigenous peoples with New World monkeys that sympatrically share their ancestral territories. Geographically, the range covers all of the Neotropics, from southern Mexico through northern Argentina. This work includes topics such as primates as prey and food, ethnozoology/ethnoecology, cosmology, narratives about monkeys, uses of primates, monkeys as pets, and ethnoclassification. Multiple views as well as diverse theoretical and methodological approaches are found within the pages. In sum, this is a compendium of ethnoprimatological research that will be prized by anthropologists, ethnobiologists, primatologists, conservationists, and zoologists alike. "This book ... provides a historical benchmark for all subsequent research in ethnoprimatology in the Neotropics and beyond."--Leslie E. Sponsel, University of Hawaiþi at Mānoa.

This book provides updated information on this intriguing and exciting group of insects: Neotropical Social Wasps. These insects have a particular biology and their colonies are formed by a few cooperative females living in either small or massive, structured nests where stinging individuals organize their activities and defend their offspring. Topics include evolutionary aspects, biogeography, post-embryonic development, community behavior and ecology, economic importance, and research methods.

This book offers a comprehensive overview of neovascular glaucoma (NVG), which is an extraordinarily aggressive type of secondary glaucoma that has often been discussed as an afterthought rather than the focal subject in glaucoma reference books. NVG is considered an end stage complication in patients with certain underlying retinal diseases, most commonly diabetic retinopathy and retinal vein occlusions. Historically, NVG has been one of the most difficult types of glaucoma to manage, with a high failure rate for traditional glaucoma surgery, and often progression of the underlying retinal disease despite "standard of care" treatment. Chapters cover advancements made in recent years in the management of the underlying ischemic retinal conditions that lead to NVG, including the use of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) medications. Additionally, chapters discuss glaucoma surgeries, which have become less invasive in recent years with the advent of microinvasive glaucoma surgery (MIGS). This book offers an up-to-date reference regarding current concepts in the diagnosis, as well as medical, laser, and surgical treatment of NVG in the anti-VEGF era, with attention to the close collaboration between glaucoma specialists and retina specialists. Neovascular Glaucoma - Current Concepts in Diagnosis and Treatment will change the way ophthalmologists manage NVG, ensuring patients better outcomes. It is a must-have resource for ophthalmologists worldwide.

Section 1. Foreword. Water flux and amniotic fluid volume: understanding fetal water flow -- Body composition of fetus and newborn -- Potassium metabolism -- Section B. Renal aspects of sodium metabolism in the fetus and neonate -- Perinatal calcium and phosphorus metabolism -- Acid-base homeostasis in the fetus -- Section C. Glomerular filtration rate in neonates -- Section D. Renal development and molecular pathogenesis of renal dysplasia -- The developing kidney and the fetal origins of adult cardiovascular disease -- Fluid and electrolyte management of high risk infants -- Renal modulation: the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system -- Renal modulation: arginine vasopressin and atrial natriuretic peptide -- Acute problems of prematurity: balancing fluid volume and electrolyte replacements in very low birth weight and extremely low birth weight neonates -- Lung fluid balance in developing lungs and its role in neonatal transition - Use of diuretics in the newborn -- Neonatal hypertension: diagnosis and management -- Edema -- Kidney injury in the neonate -- Hereditary tubulopathies -- Inherited disorders of calcium, phosphate and magnesium.

"Kidney disease is frequently described as a public health problem. This book will unpack what we mean by "public health" and by "taking a public health approach." We will consider the global burden of kidney diseases and their determinants, with a focus on chronic kidney disease"-- Provided by publisher.

Part I. Patient assessment. History and physical diagnosis -- Urinalysis -- Measurement of GFR -- Imaging techniques -- Renal biopsy -- Part II. Acute kidney injury. Epidemiology, etiology, pathophysiology and diagnosis -- Management options: CRRT -- Hepatorenal syndrome -- Cardiorenal syndrome -- Medications -- Sepsis -- Rhabdomyolysis -- Tumor lysis syndrome -- Contrast-induced nephropathy -- Acute glomerulonephritis and RPGN -- Nephrotic syndrome -- Obstructive uropathy -- Nephrolithiasis -- Part III. Chronic kidney disease. Epidemiology, etiology, pathophysiology and staging -- Anemia in chronic kidney disease -- Renal osteodystrophy -- Cardiovascular disease -- Hyperlipidemia -- Nutrition -- Management of the patient with progressive renal failure -- Drug dosing in patients with CKD -- Part IV. Primary glomerular disorders. Minimal change disease -- Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis -- Membranous nephropathy -- IgA nephropathy and Henoch Schonlein disease -- Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis -- Part V. Secondary glomerular disorders. Diabetic nephropathy -- Lupus nephritis -- Dysproteinemias or light chain diseases -- Vascultides -- Thrombotic microangiopathies -- Part VI. Infection associated glomeruleonephritides. Post-infectious glomereulonephritis -- Viral hepatitis-associated glomerulonephritis -- HIV-associated renal disorders -- Part VII. Other renal parenchymal diseases. Fabry disease -- Cystic diseases of the kidneys -- Other hereditary renal disorders -- Tubulointerstitial diseases -- Urinary tract infections -- Renal neoplasias -- Part VIII. Renal diseases in special populations. Renal disease and hypertension in pregnancy -- Sickle cell nephropathy -- Renal disease in the elderly -- Part IX. Treatment options. Hemodialysis -- Home dialysis -- Peritoneal dialysis -- Therapeutic plasma exchange (plasmapheresis) -- Part X. Transplantation. Epidemiology and outcomes -- Donor and recipient evaluation -- Immunosuppression -- Rejection of the renal transplant -- Post-transplant malignancies -- Post-transplant infections -- Primary care of the renal transplant patient -- Part XI. Hypertension. Primary hypertension -- Renal parenchymal hypertension -- Renovascular disease -- Endocrine hypertension -- Other forms of secondary hypertension -- Renal diseases in African-Americans -- Resistant hypertension -- Hypertensive emergencies -- Pharmacologic treatment of hypertension -- Non-pharmacologic treatment of hypertension -- Part XII. Acid-base and electrolyte disorders. Volume disorders -- Genetic disorders of Na transport -- Hyponatremia and hypernatremia -- Hypokalemia and hyperkalemia -- Hypocalcemia and hypercalcemia -- Disorders of phosphorus metabolism -- Disorders of magnesium metabolism -- Metabolic acidosis -- Metabolic alkalosis -- Part XIII. Onconephrology. -- Part XIV. Palliative care nephrology. -- Part XV. Nephrology beginnings. -- Part XVI. Nephrology trivia.

This book presents contributions from leading international experts in the field of nephrology. Each chapter is independent and discusses nephrology in the authors country, including the history of nephrology development, kidney disease epidemiology, clinical nephrology, dialysis practice in acute and chronic renal failure settings (hemodialysis, hemodiafiltration, peritoneal dialysis), pediatric nephrology, and kidney transplantation. In addition, the book covers topics such as the job market for nephrologists, reimbursement, nephrology education, and the number of professionals in the private and public sectors. With 53 chapters and more than 300 authors from all continents offering a unique perspective on nephrology practice, it provides a much-needed information source for nephrologists around the globe. The reader will be able to travel through Nephrology Worldwide, a pleasant reading experience with not only relevant information and updated data, but also a comprehensive look at the history, countries peculiarities, and a critical analysis of the scenario of nephrology and renal replacement therapy. A valuable resource for healthcare professionals and other stakeholders interested in learning about the status quo of Nephrology Worldwide. Both the failings and the successes are outlined in a way that should make this book a compelling read, not just for the well-informed renal physician, but also for planners and policy makers whose thinking and actions are integral to the way we practice medicine. Sir Peter J. Ratcliffe, Nephrologist and 2019 Nobel Prize Winner.

This book provides physicians practicing at pain management clinics with comprehensive explanations of interventional therapeutic procedures including nerve blockade, as well as pharmacotherapy. Interventional therapeutic procedures including nerve blockade are categorized by devices into landmark ("blind"), X-ray-guided, ultrasound-guided, CT-guided, MR-guided, and endoscopic techniques. In this book, each chapter introduces one type of nerve blockade procedure that involves several different devices. The authors describe the pros and cons of each technique and make recommendations for the best devices to use. This book will also help anesthesiologists and other physicians to improve their treatment techniques.

This book addresses the severe knowledge deficit in peripheral nerve amongst neurosurgeons, however this topic represents an integral part of the oral board examination. The book employs a case based approach with the highest-yield scenarios for oral boards, primarily focusing on nerve entrapments, trauma and tumors. Thanks to its question and answer format, the reader is encouraged to think about the cases and questions as if taking the real exam before they check the answers. The work also includes common pitfalls, a section on nerve examinations including video recordings, and a section on important clinical findings that should be diagnosed from the picture. The book not only serves neurosurgeons, but also plastic surgeons, orthopedists, and neurologists.

Representing the treatment and management philosophy of Dr. Susan Mackinnon, Nerve Surgery provides extensive coverage of innovative surgical options as well as guidance on the management of complicated compression neuropathies. In addition to detailed information on tried-and-true as well as cutting-edge surgical techniques, it contains chapters on the basic principles of nerve surgery, such as Anatomy and Physiology for the Peripheral Nerve Surgeon and Evaluation of the Patient with Nerve Injury or Nerve Compression. Key Features: More than 850 compelling full-color figures and photographs demonstrate key concepts, Videos narrated by Dr. Mackinnon are available online, Coverage of important conditions that can be treated non-operatively, such as neurogenic thoracic outlet syndrome and multilevel compression neuropathy, Strategies and secondary procedures for failed nerve surgeries, Dr. Mackinnon provides tips on how she manages complicated pain problems. This book is a core reference for all plastic surgeons, neurosurgeons, orthopedic surgeons, hand surgeons, residents, and allied health specialists treating patients with nerve injuries.

The outcomes of most viral infections are controlled by many genetic loci whose interactions are complex and difficult to predict. To characterize the genes that predispose to viral persistence, I carried out a genetic analysis of a murine susceptibility locus termed Tmevp3. Mice that carry the SJL/J-derived Tmevp3 locus become persistently infected, whereas mice carrying the B10.S-derived locus clear the infection. My investigation revealed that a long noncoding RNA, lncRNA, transcript named NeST RNA was the most polymorphic gene in the locus. I found that a spliced version of NeST RNA was abundant in T cells of SJL/J mice and not expressed in B10.S mice. To test whether expression of this lncRNA was the cause of viral persistence, I developed transgenic mice that expressed NeST RNA in B10.S mice. Indeed, NeST RNA alone was sufficient to confer viral persistence. To investigate the function of NeST RNA in T cells, I tested whether NeST regulates its neighboring genes, IL-22 and IFN-[gamma]. CD8+ T cells from mice carrying the SJL/J-Tmevp3 locus were found to produce greater amounts of IFN-[gamma], suggesting that NeST RNA might functions as an enhancer lncRNA. Indeed, transgenic expression of NeST lncRNA induced higher of IFN-[gamma] after T cell stimulation. Results from a collaborative study revealed NeST RNA functions in trans, localize to the nucleus, associates with the histone modifying complex component WDR5, and induces accumulation of histone 3 lysine 4 trimethylation (H3K4me3) at the Ifng locus. I also found that the Tmevp3 locus controls lethality from Salmonella. However, I found that in this model the SJL/J allele, which increases viral persistence, conferred decrease susceptibility for pathogenesis. As was the case in the viral susceptibility model, transgenic NeST RNA expression was sufficient to recapitulate this susceptibility phenotype. To test for any effects of NeST RNA in the inflammatory response to pathogen antigens, I carried out septic shock assays using the bacterial component LPS. I found that mice expressing NeST RNA survived more compared to the B10.S parental strain. Take together these data suggest that during immune challenge NeST RNA regulates the inflammatory response. To further analyze the effect of NeST RNA in the control of inflammation, NeST knockout mice were utilized. Deleting a 640 base pair region in the NeST promoter was found to abrogate gene expression and increase lethality to LPS sepsis. This difference in lethality coincided with larger abundances of numerous cytokines in mice lacking NeST RNA after LPS injections. However in the absence of an immune challenge, mice with an intact NeST gene showed higher basal levels of inflammatory cytokines, suggesting the basis of NeST RNA protection is a hormetic effect. Indeed, pre-treatment with low doses of LPS phenocopies the endotoxin tolerance effect of NeST RNA. Understanding how NeST RNA controls the timing and magnitude of cytokine secretion by T cells may provide new venues for therapeutic intervention to various inflammatory diseases.

Site is designed to teach human anatomy to students of the health professions, and to serve to review anatomy for clinical rotations and USMLE preparation.

Site is designed to teach human anatomy to students of the health professions, and to serve to review anatomy for clinical rotations and USMLE preparation.

Introduction -- Head and neck -- Back -- Thorax -- Abdomen -- Pelvis -- Upper limb -- Lower limb -- Plate pearls -- Study guides.

Section 1. Shoulder -- Section 2. Upper arm and elbow -- Section 3. Forearm and wrist -- Section 4. Hand and finger.

Section 1: Spine -- Section 2: Pelvis, Hip, and Thigh -- Section 3: Knee -- Section 4: Lower Leg -- Section 5: Ankle and Foot.

Section 1. Embryology -- section 2. Physiology -- section 3. Metabolic diseases -- section 4. Congenital and developmental disorders -- section 5. Rheumatic diseases -- section 6. Tumors of musculoskeletal system -- section 7. Injury to musculoskeletal system -- section 8. Soft tissue infections -- section 9. Complications of fracture.

Section 1: Normal and Abnormal Development -- Section 2: Cerebral Cortex and Neurocognitive Disorders -- Section 3: Epilepsy -- Section 4: Psychiatry -- Section 5: Hypothalamus, Pituitary, Sleep, and Thalamus -- Section 6: Disorders of Consciousness (Coma) -- Section 7: Basal Ganglia and Movement Disorders -- Section 8: Cerebellum and Ataxia -- Section 9: Cerebrovascular Circulation and Stroke -- Section 10: Multiple Sclerosis and Other Central Nervous System Autoimmune Disorders -- Section 11: Infections of the Nervous System -- Section 12: Neuro-Oncology -- Section 13: Headache -- Section 14: Head Trauma.

Section 1: Cranial Nerve and Neuro-Ophthalmologic Disorders -- Section 2: Spinal Cord: Anatomy and Myelopathies -- Section 3: Spinal Trauma -- Section 4: Nerve Roots and Plexus Disorders -- Section 5: Mononeuropathies -- Section 6: Peripheral Neuropathies -- Section 7: Autonomic Nervous System and Its Disorders -- Section 8: Pain -- Section 9: Floppy Infant -- Section 10: Motor Neuron and Its Disorders -- Section 11: Neuromuscular Junction and Its Disorders -- Section 12: Muscle and Its Disorders.

View the cardiovascular system as only Netter images can depict it. This spectacularly illustrated volume, part of the masterwork known as the Netter (CIBA) "Green Books," provides a highly visual guide to the heart, from basic science, anatomy, and physiology to pathology and injury. This classic Netter reference has been updated to mirror the many exciting advances in cardiovascular medicine and imaging - offering unparalleled insights into anatomy, physiology, and clinical conditions. Gain a rich clinical view of all aspects of the cardiovascular system in one comprehensive volume, conveyed through beautiful illustrations and radiologic images. Clearly see the connection between basic science and clinical practice with an integrated overview of normal structure and function as it relates to pathologic conditions. Grasp current clinical concepts regarding development, pediatrics, and adult medicine captured in classic Netter illustrations, as well as new illustrations created by artist-physician Carlos Machado, MD, and others working in the Netter style. Quickly understand complex topics thanks to a concise text-atlas format that provides a context bridge between primary and specialized medicine. Benefit from matchless Netter illustrations that offer precision, clarity, detail and realism as they provide a visual approach to the clinical presentation and care of the patient.

"Perfect for residents, generalists, anesthesiologists, emergency department physicians, medical students, nurses, and other healthcare professionals who need a practical, working knowledge of cardiology, Netter's Cardiology, 3rd Edition, provides a concise overview of cardiovascular disease highlighted by unique, memorable Netter illustrations. This superb visual resource showcases the well-known work of Frank H. Netter, MD, and his successor, Carlos Machado, MD, a cardiologist who has created clear, full-color illustrations in the Netter tradition. New features and all-new chapters keep you up to date with the latest information in the field"--Publisher's description.

"Designed to make learning more interesting and clinically meaningful, Netter's Concise Radiologic Anatomy matches radiologic images--from MR and ultrasound to CT and advanced imaging reconstructions--to the exquisite artwork of master medical illustrator Frank H. Netter, MD. As a companion to the bestselling Netter's Atlas of Human Anatomy, this updated medical textbook begins with the anatomy and matches radiologic images to the anatomic images; the result is a concise, visual guide that shows how advanced diagnostic imaging is an amazing "dissection tool" for viewing human anatomy in the living patient"--Publisher's description.

Overview of brain -- Brain -- Thalamus and basal ganglia -- Limbic system -- Brainstem and cranial nerves -- Ventricles and cerebrospinal fluid cisterns -- Sella turcica -- Overview of head and neck -- Paranasal sinuses -- Orbits -- Mandible, muscles of mastication -- Temporal bone (middle ear, cochlea, vestibular system) -- Oral cavity, pharynx, and suprahyoid neck -- Hypopharynx, larynx, and infrahyoid neck -- Overview of spine -- Spine.

The cell -- Epithelium and exocrine glands -- Connective tissue -- Muscle tissue -- Nervous tissue -- Cartilage and bone -- Blood and bone marrow -- Cardiovascular system -- Lymphoid system -- Endocrine system -- Integumentary system -- Upper digestive system -- Lower digestive system -- Liver, gallbladder, and exocrine pancreas -- Respiratory system -- Urinary system -- Male reproductive system -- Female reproductive system -- Eye and adnexa -- Special senses.

Section I: Esophagus -- GERD -- Section II: Stomach and duodenum -- Section III: Abdominal wall -- Section IV: Small intestine -- Section V: Colon, rectum, and anus -- Section VI: Infectious and parasitic diseases of the alimentary tract -- Section VII: Pancreas -- Section VIII: Gallbladder and bile ducts -- Section IX: Liver -- Section X: Nutrition and gastrointestinal disease.

Development of the head and neck -- Osteology -- Basic neuroanatomy and cranial nerves -- The neck -- Scalp and muscles of facial expression -- Parotid bed and gland -- Temporal and infratemporal fossae -- Muscles of mastication -- Temporomandibular joint -- Pterygopalatine fossa -- Nose and nasal cavity -- Paranasal sinuses -- Oral cavity -- Tongue -- Pharynx -- Larynx -- Cervical fascia -- Ear -- Eye and orbit -- Autonomics of the head and neck -- Intraoral injections -- Introduction to the upper limb, back, thorax, and abdomen.

Provides clear representations of common human diseases and concentrates on pathologic anatomy. Each chapter relates the anatomical changes to the functional and clinical manifestations of over 150 diseases and their underlying causes and mechanisms.

This updated edition of Netter's Illustrated Pharmacology allows you to take a distinct visual approach to understanding both the basic science and clinical applications of pharmacology. Designed to be compatible and used in conjunction with other pharmacology resources, this medical reference book offers a vivid, uniquely effective visual presentation of the pharmacodynamic relationship between drugs and the human body. And with the new addition of Student Consult online access, Netter's Illustrated Pharmacology is even more convenient than ever before! Available online for the first time! Search the full contents of Netter's Illustrated Pharmacology no matter what your location with convenient access to Student Consult.Visually grasp the most important principles in pharmacology with succinct, easy-to-understand presentations of introductory pharmacologic principles based on classic images by Frank Netter, as well as dynamic new illustrations from other talented medical artists.Learn how drugs are used to treat specific disorders in the body, as well as their effects on a particular site, with a format divided by organ system and full-color illustrations of the systems themselves.Access in-depth guidance on the must-know elements of each pharmacologic principle with clear, concise notes located beneath the corresponding image.

The team physician -- The certified athletic trainer and the athletic training room -- The preparticipation physical evaluation -- Sideline preparedness and emergencies -- Sports nutrition -- Sports supplements -- Sports pharmacology of pain and inflammation control in athletes -- Sports pharmacology of chronic disease -- Sports pharmacology of psychiatry and behavioral medicine -- The pediatric athlete -- The high school athlete : setting up a high school sports medicine program -- The female athlete -- The senior athlete -- The athlete with physical disability -- Care of athletes at different levels : from pee-wee to professional -- The wilderness athlete and adventurer -- Exercise prescription and physiology -- Aerobic training -- Resistance training -- Flexibility -- Exercise in the heat and heat illness -- Exercise in the cold and cold injuries -- Altitude training and competition -- Travel considerations for the athlete and sports medical team -- The role of sport psychology and sports psychiatry -- Drugs and doping in athletes -- Eating disorders in athletes -- Overtraining -- Infections in athletes -- Gastrointestinal problems -- Hematologic problems in the athlete -- Renal and genitourinary problems -- The athlete with diabetes -- ECG interpretation in athletes -- Cardiac disease in athletes -- The hypertensive athlete -- Exercise-induced bronchoconstriction, urticaria, and anaphylaxis -- Neurologic problems in the athlete -- Headache in the athlete -- Skin problems in the athlete -- Connective tissue diseases and rheumatologic problems in athletes -- Musculoskeletal injuries in sports -- Comprehensive rehabilitation of the athlete -- Physical modalities in sports medicine -- Head injuries -- Neck injuries -- Eye injuries -- Maxillofacial injuries -- Shoulder injuries -- Elbow injuries -- Hand and wrist injuries -- Thorax and abdominal injuries -- Thoracic and lumbosacral spine injuries -- Pelvis, hip, and thigh injuries -- Knee injuries -- Ankle and leg injuries -- Cartilage problems in sports -- Acute fractures and dislocations in athletes -- Stress fractures -- Foot problems -- Taping and bracing -- Injections in the athlete -- Diagnostic imaging in sports medicine -- Sports ultrasound -- Injury prevention protocols -- Football -- Soccer -- Rugby -- Lacrosse -- Field hockey -- Ultimate frisbee -- Basketball -- Volleyball -- Baseball -- Softball -- Tennis -- Alpine skiing -- Cross-country skiing -- Snowboarding -- Ice hockey -- Ice skating (figure skating and speed skating) -- Swimming and diving -- Scuba diving -- Sailing -- Rowing -- Martial arts -- Boxing -- Wrestling -- Mixed martial arts -- Gymnastics -- Cheerleading -- Dance -- Track and field -- Road biking -- Mountain biking -- Inline skating, skateboarding, and bicycle motocross -- Mass participation endurance events -- Ultraendurance and adventure racing and events -- Rock climbing -- Rodeo and equestrian sports -- The extreme athlete -- Esports.

"Netter's Surgical Anatomy and Approaches, 2nd Edition, provides a clear overview of the exposures, incision sites, surgically relevant landmarks, structures, fascial planes, and common anatomical variants relevant to general surgical operative procedures. Whether used in class, in the lab while learning anatomy, or in the operating room as a trusted reference, this highly visual resource presents unmatched surgical anatomy illustrations by world-renowned surgeon-artist, Frank H. Netter, MD, and new illustrations created in the Netter tradition, as well as surgical exposures, intraoperative photographs, and radiologic imaging"--Publisher's description.

Network Functions and Plasticity: Perspectives from Studying Neuronal Electrical Coupling in Microcircuits focuses on the specific roles of electrical coupling in tractable, well-defined circuits, highlighting current research that offers novel insights for electrical coupling's roles in sensory and motor functions, neural computations, decision-making, regulation of network activity, circuit development, and learning and memory. Bringing together a diverse group of international experts and their contributions using a variety of approaches to study different invertebrate and vertebrate model systems with a focus on the role of electrical coupling/gap junctions in microcircuits, this book presents a timely contribution for students and researchers alike.

1. Introduction to evidence synthesis -- 2. The core model -- 3. Model fit, model comparison and outlier detection -- 4. Generalised linear models -- 5. Network meta-analysis within cost-effectiveness analysis -- 6. Adverse events and other sparse outcome data -- 7. Checking for inconsistency -- 8. Meta-regression for relative treatment effects -- 9. Bias adjustment methods -- 10. Network meta-analysis of survival outcomes -- 11. Multiple outcomes -- 12. Validity of network meta-analysis -- Solutions to exercises -- Appendices -- References -- Index.

Biological systems are extremely complex and have emergent properties that cannot be explained or even predicted by studying their individual parts in isolation. The reductionist approach, although successful in the early days of molecular biology, underestimates this complexity. As the amount of available data grows, so it will become increasingly important to be able to analyse and integrate these large data sets. This book introduces novel approaches and solutions to the Big Data problem in biomedicine, and presents new techniques in the field of graph theory for handling and processing multi-type large data sets. By discussing cutting-edge problems and techniques, researchers from a wide range of fields will be able to gain insights for exploiting big heterogonous data in the life sciences through the concept of 'network of networks'.

For many decisions, we must explicitly compare the value of two or more goods being offered. However, often decisions are not between multiple goods, but rather between a single offer and the choice to pass on that offer, such as when deciding to buy a new car, marry a significant other, or read this abstract! For these decisions the relevant comparison is between the expected benefit of the offer and its associated cost. We studied cost-benefit decisions in the macaque monkey while recording from single neurons in the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC), which has been implicated previously in decisions between competing goods. We found that the animal was sensitive to the balance of cost and benefit. That is, his willingness to accept an offer increased monotonically as we increased the benefit while keeping the cost constant. We found that the OFC represented task-relevant information--such as benefit, choice, and expected outcome--in a complex manner. These signals were mixed at the level of single neurons, but by examining the population response, we found separable ensembles of neurons that represented each of these task relevant variables. Moreover, different sets of neurons appeared to represent these signals for discrete temporal epochs within and between trials, which may correspond to distinct functional processes revealed by behavior. Taken together, we offer a novel view of how a population of neurons may collectively represent value and choice information and how that population may transform the representation dynamically over time.

Section 1. Circuit development -- section 2. Cognitive development -- section 3. Diseases.