Books

Summary: Based on the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, this guide provides information on what to expect from an illness and its treatment, how to recognize symptoms, knowing when to seek help, and getting the right care.

Contents:
Disorders that start in childhood
Schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders
Bipolar disorders
Depressive disorders
Anxiety disorders
Obsessive-compulsive disorders
Trauma and stress disorders
Dissociative disorders
Somatic (physical) symptom disorders
Eating disorders
Elimination disorders
Sleep-wake disorders
Sexual dysfunctions
Gender dysphoria
Disruptive and conduct disorders
Addictive disorders
Dementia and other memory problems
Personality disorders
Paraphilic disorders
Treatment essentials.

Summary: "Understanding Mental Disorders: Your Guide to DSM-5-TR explains mental disorders, their diagnosis, and their treatment in basic terms for those seeking mental health care and for their loved ones. The book is a practical guide to the disorders described in the current edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM). The most recent edition of DSM is the fifth edition text revision, referred to as DSM-5-TR. The American Psychiatric Association (APA) developed Understanding Mental Disorders: Your Guide to DSM-5-TR to help people whose lives have been touched by mental illness. The book was written to help people better understand mental disorders and how to manage them. The APA also publishes DSM. The purpose of DSM is to create a common language for health care providers who diagnose mental illnesses. Understanding Mental Disorders can be a helpful resource when talking with a health care provider before or after a diagnosis is received. The content of this book mirrors that of DSM-5-TR-it describes symptoms, risk factors, and related disorders. It defines mental disorders based on their symptoms and explores special needs or concerns. This new edition of Understanding Mental Disorders reflects changes made to DSM-5-TR and has been fully updated. Understanding Mental Disorders was first published after the publication of DSM-5. Understanding Mental Disorders is designed to help combat mental illness through education about the disorders and their symptoms, know when to seek help, and what to expect from treatment"-- Provided by publisher.

Contents:
Disorders That Start in Childhood
Schizophrenia and Other Psychotic Disorders
Bipolar Disorders
Depressive Disorders
Anxiety Disorders
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorders
Trauma and Stress Disorders
Dissociative Disorders
Somatic (Physical) Symptom Disorders
Eating Disorders
Elimination Disorders
Sleep-Wake Disorders
Sexual Dysfunctions
Gender Dysphoria
Disruptive and Conduct Disorders
Addictive Disorders
Dementia and Other Memory Problems
Personality Disorders
Paraphilic Disorders
Treatment Essentials.

Contents:
The nature and frequency of medical errors and adverse events
Basic principles of patient safety
Safety, quality, and value
Medication errors
Surgical errors
Diagnostic errors
Human factors and errors at the person-machine interface
Transition and handoff errors
Teamwork and communication errors
Healthcare-associated infections
Other complications of healthcare
Patient safety in the ambulatory setting
Information technology
Reporting systems, root cause analysis, and other methods of understanding safety issues
Creating a culture of safety
Workforce issues
Education and training issues
The malpractice system
Accountability
Accreditation and regulations
The role of patients
Organizing a safety program.

Summary: This textbook provides a structured, informed approach to the understanding and appreciation of drug action and effect providing a detailed description and discussion of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics for nurses. The text focuses and emphasizes safe prescribing and administration of medication highlighting the possible harm to patient in terms of adverse reactions. This book also includes the seldom addressed facet of pharmacotherapeutics; drug formulation as applied to practice, and adverse reactions. It informs on the medication used to manage diabetes mellitus, respiratory disease, gastrointestinal tract, the central nervous system and many other affections. Uniting these essential pharmacological processes and applying them to physiological system based medications, this work highlights issues relevant to drug interaction and important nursing responsibilities associated with administration/prescribing. The overall aim of the text is to equip the nurse with an understanding of issues related to pharmacotherapeutics that is aligned to current nursing roles and statutory requirements. .

Contents:
Intro
Preface
Contents
Part I: Legal and Ethical Issues
1: Legal and Ethical Issues Associated with Medication
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Professionalism and Accountability
1.3 Accountability
1.4 Legal Component of Accountability
1.5 Duty of Care
1.6 Safeguards in Practice
1.7 Consent
1.8 Ethical Principles
1.9 Summary
1.10 Useful Websites [Accessed 12 March 2019]
Multiple Choice Questions
Answers
References
Further Reading
Part II: Principles of Pharmacology
2: Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics
2.1 Introduction 2.2 Pharmacokinetics
2.2.1 Absorption
2.2.1.1 Oesophageal Transit
2.2.1.2 Food
2.2.1.3 Gastrointestinal Motility
2.2.1.4 Drug Efflux Proteins
2.2.1.5 First-Pass Effect
2.2.1.6 Absorption Via Other Routes
2.2.2 Distribution
2.2.2.1 Fluid Compartments
2.2.2.2 Volume of Distribution
2.3 Drug Metabolism
2.3.1 Enzymatic Defence
2.3.2 Forms of Drug Metabolism
2.3.3 Phase I Metabolism
2.3.4 Phase II Metabolism
2.3.5 Phase III Metabolism
2.3.6 Enzyme Substrates
2.3.6.1 Clinical Importance of Substrate Interactions 2.3.7 Enzyme Inhibitors
2.3.8 Enzyme Inducers
2.4 Clearance
2.4.1 Renal Clearance
2.4.1.1 Formation of the Concentration Gradient
2.4.2 Liver Clearance
2.5 Drug Half-Life
2.6 Therapeutic Index
2.7 Pharmacokinetics: Summary
2.8 Pharmacodynamics
2.9 Ion Channels
2.10 Ligands
2.11 Ion Pumps
2.12 Receptor
2.13 Enzymes
2.14 Cell Membranes
2.15 Receptor Theory
2.15.1 Affinity
2.16 Drug Interactions with Their Target
2.16.1 Agonist
2.16.2 Antagonists
2.17 Categories
2.18 Competitive Antagonism 2.18.1 Non-competitive Antagonist
2.18.2 Partial Agonists
2.19 Receptor Classification
2.20 Summary
Multiple Choice Questions
Answers
References
3: Drug Formulations
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Necessity for Different Dosage Forms
3.3 General Considerations in the Design of Dosage Forms
3.4 Drug Stability
3.5 Product Shelf Life
3.6 Pharmaceutical Excipients
3.7 Identifying Patient Reactions to Excipients in Practice
3.8 Summary
3.9 Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms
3.9.1 Introduction
3.9.2 Solid Dosage Forms
3.9.3 Capsules 3.9.4 Tablets
3.9.5 Compressed Tablets
3.9.6 Buccal or Sublingual Tablets
3.9.7 Extended-Release Dosage Forms
3.9.8 Guidance on Dosage Forms That Cannot Be Altered
3.9.9 Semi-solid Dosage Forms
3.9.9.1 Creams
3.9.9.2 Hydrophobic Creams (w/o)
3.9.9.3 Hydrophilic Creams (o/w)
3.9.9.4 Gels
3.9.9.5 Hydrophobic Gels
3.9.9.6 Hydrophilic Gels
3.9.9.7 Ointments
3.9.9.8 Hydrophobic Ointments
3.9.9.9 Water-Emulsifying Ointments
3.9.9.10 Hydrophilic Ointments
3.9.9.11 Pastes
3.9.10 Guidance for the Use of Semi-solid Forms

Summary: This innovative collection offers a wide-ranging palette of psychological, public health, and sociopolitical approaches toward addressing the multi-level prevention needs of gay men living with HIV and AIDS. This book advances our understanding of comprehensive health care, risk and preventive behaviors, sources of mental distress and resilience, treatment adherence, and the experiences of gay men's communities such as communities of color, youth, faith communities, and the house ball community. Interventions span biomedical, behavioral, structural, and technological approaches toward critical goals, including bolstering the immune system, promoting safer sexual practices, reducing HIV-related stigma and discrimination, and eliminating barriers to care. The emphasis throughout these diverse chapters is on evidence-based, client-centered practice, coordination of care, and inclusive, culturally responsive services. Included in the coverage: Comprehensive primary health care for HIV positive gay men From pathology to resiliency: understanding the mental health of HIV positive gay men Emerging and innovative prevention strategies for HIV positive gay men Understanding the developmental and psychosocial needs of HIV positive gay adolescent males Social networks of HIV positive gay men: their role and importance in HIV prevention HIV positive gay men, health care, legal rights, and policy issues Understanding Prevention for HIV Positive Gay Men will interest academics, researchers, prevention experts, practitioners, and policymakers in public health. It will also be important to research organizations, nonprofit organizations, and clinical agencies, as well as graduate programs related to public health, consultation, and advocacy.

Summary: This open access textbook provides the background needed to correctly use, interpret and understand statistics and statistical data in diverse settings. Part I makes key concepts in statistics readily clear. Parts I and II give an overview of the most common tests (t-test, ANOVA, correlations) and work out their statistical principles. Part III provides insight into meta-statistics (statistics of statistics) and demonstrates why experiments often do not replicate. Finally, the textbook shows how complex statistics can be avoided by using clever experimental design. Both non-scientists and students in Biology, Biomedicine and Engineering will benefit from the book by learning the statistical basis of scientific claims and by discovering ways to evaluate the quality of scientific reports in academic journals and news outlets.

Contents:
Part I
Basic Probability Theory
Experimental Design and the Basics of Statistics: Signal detection Theory (SDT)
The Core Concept of Statistics
Variations on the t-test
PART II
The Multiple Testing Problem
ANOVA
Experimental design: Model Fits, Power, and Complex Designs
Correlation
PART III
Meta-analysis
Understanding replication
Magnitude of excess success
Suggested improvements and challenges.

Summary: In this book international experts address a range of key current issues relating to suicide. The opening chapters discuss nosology, definitions, clinical determinants, and conceptual models of the suicide process and consider the evidence regarding potential biomarkers of suicide risk based on neuroscientific research. Adopting a neo-Durkheimian perspective, the role of various social factors in the genesis of suicidal behavior is then explored in depth. Practical user-friendly tools that facilitate risk assessment by clinicians are provided, and detailed consideration is given to efficient and innovative strategies for the prevention of suicide and the treatment of suicidal behavior, such as psychotherapy, psychopharmacological approaches, and effective organization of care, including surveillance and the use of online tools. The final part of the book focuses on the need for and development of a personalized approach within the field of suicide prevention. Understanding Suicide will be of interest to psychiatrists, psychologists, mental health professionals, general practitioners, researchers in suicidology, and students.

Contents:
Part I: Diagnostic & Clinical issues : DSM5
Nomenclature & definitions
Scales : Use of C-SSRS
Dimensions related to suicidal behaviour
Temperament in suicidal behaviour
Suicidal addiction
Part II: Models of suicidal process: Interpersonal theory
Suicidal crisis
Neurodevelopmental model
Part III: Biomarkers of suicide: Prospective studies
Genetics
Epigenetics
Social neurocognitions
Social & psychological
Biochemical markers
Translational models
Part IV: Neo-Durkheimian view: From society to groups at risk: Economic crisis
Psychiatric disorders: practical assessment
May a law change society: a Japanese model
Is it possible to survive in jail
Is the risk rising in children?
Is racism a killer?
Should we talk about religion?
Part V: Treatments of suicidal behaviour: Surveillance is a powerful tool to prevent suicidal acts
Preventing suicidality through online tools
What's wrong with antidepressants?
Lithium : the key anti-suicide agent
Antipsychotics
Anticonvulsants
Psychotherapy
Part VI: A need for Personalized Suicidology: Childhood maltreatment
Early detection in families
Should we consider the gender?
Is Pharmacoepidemiology really useful?
Pharmacogenetics
Endophenotypes based prevention.

Contents:
History of telehealth / Thomas S. Nesbitt, Jana Katz-Bell
Workforce, telehealth definitions, and models / Karen S. Rheuban, Scott Shipman
Rural health / Katharine Hsu Wibberly
Integration of applications supporting seamless delivery of telehealth solutions / Elizabeth A. Krupinski
Telestroke / Andrew M. Southerland, Nina J. Solenski, Lee H. Schwamm
High-risk obstetrics and telehealth / Curtis Lowery
Teleophthalmology : future technologies for screening eye exams / Alice Yang Zhang, Christine Y. Yoon, Ingrid E. Zimmer-Galler
Adult emergency and critical care telehealth / H. Neal Reynolds, Marc T. Zubrow, Richard Alcorta, Neal Sikka
Teledermatology / Hon Pak, Ivy A. Lee, John D. Whited
Telepsychiatry / Maryann Waugh, Peter Yellowlees, Rachel Dixon, Jay H. Shore
Remote patient monitoring and care coordination / Amy L. Tucker
Rehabilitation / Trevor G. Russell, Deborah G. Theodoros
Pediatric emergency and critical care telemedicine / Alison L. Curfman, James P. Marcin
Child telepsychiatry / Peter Yellowlees, Maryann Waugh, Jay H. Shore
School and childcare center telemedicine / Neil E. Herendeen
Telemedicine in pediatric cardiology / Craig Sable
Telehealth in the care of children with special health care needs and medical complexity / Kathleen A. Webster
The dawn of direct-to-consumer telemedicine / Ateev Mehrotra, Lori Uscher-Pines, Michelle S. Lee
Telemedicine in the department of defense : a journey from the battlefield to stateside care / Ronald Poropatich, Charles Lappan, Gary Gilbert
International humanitarian outreach and telehealth / Dale C. Alverson
Patients, their physicians, and telemedicine / Jack Resneck, Jr., Sylvia J. Trujillo, Kristin Schleiter
The state policy framework of telehealth / Latoya S. Thomas
Medicare coverage and reimbursement policies / Gary Capistrant
Legal and regulatory issues / Nathaniel M. Lacktman.

Summary: This book presents a summary of terrestrial microbial processes, which are a key factor in supporting healthy life on our planet. The authors explain how microorganisms maintain the soil ecosystem through recycling carbon and nitrogen and then provide insights into how soil microbiology processes integrate into ecosystem science, helping to achieve successful bioremediation as well as safe and effective operation of landfills, and enabling the design of composting processes that reduce the amount of waste that is placed in landfills. The book also explores the effect of human land use, including restoration on soil microbial communities and the response of wetland microbial communities to anthropogenic pollutants. Lastly it discusses the role of fungi in causing damaging, and often lethal, infectious diseases in plants and animals.

Contents:
Intro; Series Preface; Volume Preface; Contents;
Chapter 1: Carbon Cycle Implications of Soil Microbial Interactions; 1.1 Introduction; 1.2 Allocation Patterns; 1.2.1 Interaction-Mediated Phenotypic Plasticity; 1.2.1.1 Interaction Agents in the Soil Environment; 1.2.1.2 Soil Biofilms; 1.2.1.3 Growth and Dormancy; 1.3 Evolution of Traits with Carbon Cycling Consequences; 1.3.1 Horizontal Gene Transfer; 1.3.2 Cheaters; 1.3.3 Black Queen, Cross-Feeding, and Syntrophy; 1.4 Community Structure; 1.4.1 Community Composition Is Determined by Microbial Interactions 1.4.1.1 Spatially Defined Interactions1.4.1.2 Inhibition and Reduction of Niche Overlap; 1.4.1.3 Fungal Interactions; 1.4.2 Evolutionary Feedbacks on Carbon Cycling; 1.5 Conclusion; References;
Chapter 2: Qualitative and Quantitative Aspects of the Modern Nitrogen Cycle; 2.1 Introduction; 2.2 Processes Old and New; 2.2.1 Immobilization and Mobilization (Uptake and Mineralization); 2.2.2 Nitrification; 2.2.3 Nitrate Reduction; 2.2.3.1 Assimilatory Nitrate Reduction; 2.2.3.2 Denitrification; 2.2.3.3 Dissimilatory Nitrate Reduction; 2.2.3.4 Anaerobic Ammonium Oxidation (Anammox) 2.2.4 Nitrogen Fixation 2.2.4.1 Biological Nitrogen Fixation; 2.2.4.2 Industrial Nitrogen Fixation by the Haber-Bosch Process; 2.3 Quantitative Aspects of the Modern Nitrogen Cycle; 2.4 Conclusion; References;
Chapter 3: Integrating Soil Microbiology into Ecosystem Science; 3.1 Introduction; 3.2 Physiological Traits that Scale to Ecosystem Processes; 3.2.1 Carbon Use Efficiency; 3.2.2 Microbial Temperature Responses; 3.2.3 Stoichiometry of Microbial Cells in Relation to Soil Organic Matter; 3.2.4 Extracellular Enzymes; 3.2.5 Stress Tolerance 3.3 Microbial Community Interactions that Impact Ecosystem Processes3.3.1 Microbial Food Webs; 3.3.2 Competition and Synergism in Microbial Communities; 3.4 The Impact of Plant-Microbe Interactions on Ecosystem Processes and Global Change; 3.4.1 Global Change and Nutrient Cycling; 3.4.2 Soil Feedbacks and Plant Community Change; 3.5 Relating Soil Microbial Community Structure to Ecosystem Function; 3.5.1 Predicting Ecological Strategies from Taxonomy; 3.5.2 Assigning Ecological Roles Based on DNA Sequence Data; 3.5.3 Temperature Responses Versus Taxonomy 3.5.4 Emergent Properties of Microbial Communities: The Importance of Diversity in Ecosystem Functioning3.6 Integrating Microbial Diversity and Physiology into Ecosystem Models; 3.6.1 Emergence of Microbial Models; 3.6.2 Classification of Microbial Physiology and Diversity Simulated in Selected Models; 3.6.2.1 Physiological Limits; 3.6.2.2 Microbial Growth; 3.6.2.3 Plant-Microbe Interactions; 3.6.2.4 Stoichiometry; 3.6.2.5 Microbial Community Interactions; 3.6.2.6 Microbial Dormancy; 3.6.2.7 Community Structure; 3.7 Conclusion; References

Summary: "Understanding the Emotional Disorders is the first manual for how to use the IDAS-II and examines important, replicable symptom dimensions contained within five adjacent diagnostic classes in the DSM-5: depressive disorders, bipolar and related disorders, anxiety disorders, obsessive-compulsive and related disorders, and trauma- and stressor-related disorders"-- Provided by publisher.

Contents:
1. The underlying nature and structure of the emotional disorders
2. Development of the IDA S and IDA S-II
3. The structure, specificity, and validity of depression symptoms
4. Positive mood dysfunction in psychopathology
5. The nature and structure of biopolar symptoms
6. Anger and psychopathology
7. The structure, validity, and specificity of PTSD symptoms
8. Anxiety symptoms
9. The structure, validity, and specificity of OCD symptoms
10. Toward a comprehensive symptom-based model of psychopathology.

Summary: "This is the first book compiling current research on the gut-bone signaling axis and its implications in the pathophysiology of GI and bone diseases. Rather than focusing on a single mechanism, this book provides the reader with a broad view on gut-bone signaling and the most up-to-date information in this rapidly growing area. The volume is also unique in that it looks at what is known about GI diseases affecting bone and then examines the role of the microbiome and its modulation by pre and probiotics to treat bone disease, placing this topic within the context of gut-bone signaling pathways. Understanding the Gut-Bone Signaling Axis will thus provide an understanding of how various therapies could be applied to this area"--Publisher's description.

Contents:
Gut-bone signaling pathways. Intestinal regulation of calcium: vitamin D and bone physiology / Sylvia Christakos, Vaishali Veldurthy, Nishant Patel, Ran Wei
Intestinal incretins and the regulation of bone physiology / Walter Ramsey, Carlos M. Isales
Regulation of bone metabolism by serotonin / Brigitte Lavoie, Jane B. Lian, Gary M. Mawe
Gut microbiota and bone health / Darin Quach, Robert A. Britton
Immunology of gut-bone signaling / Fraser L. Collins, Jonathan D. Schepper, Naiomy Deliz Rios-Arce, Michael D. Steury, Ho Jun Kang, Heather Mallin [and others]
Gut pathologies and bone health. Stomach and bone / Alice M. Kitay, John P. Geibel
Inflammatory bowel disease: effects on bone and mechanisms / Francisco A. Sylvester
Epithelial barrier function in gut-bone signaling / Naiomy Deliz Rios-Arce, Fraser L. Collins, Jonathan D. Schepper, Michael D. Steury, Sandi Raehtz, Heather Mallin [and others]
Impact of enteric health and mucosal permeability on skeletal health and lameness in poultry / L. R. Bielke, B. M. Hargis, J. D. Latorre
Modulation of gut microbiota to support bone health. Prebiotics and bone / Corrie M. Whisner, Connie M. Weaver
Probiotics in gut-bone signaling / Jonathan D. Schepper, Regina Irwin, Jun Kang, Kevin Dagenais, Tristan Lemon, Ally Shinouskis [and others]
Bone mechanical function and the gut microbiota / C. J. Hernandez.

Summary: "This book discusses the community of microbial species (the microbiota, microbiome), which inhabits the large bowel of humans. Written from the perspective of an academic who has been familiar with the topic for 40 years, it provides a long-term perspective of knowledge about this high profile and fast-moving topic. Building on general ecological principles, the book aims to help the reader to understand how the microbiota is formed, how it works, and what the consequences are to humans."--Provided by publisher.

Contents:
Introduction
Prime facts
A sense of community
Assembling communities
Bowel society
Chemostat bowel
Revealing secret lives
Remembrance of microbes past
Out of tune : dysbiosis
We may be lost, but we're making good time.

Summary: According to the World Health Organization, approximately one third of the world's population is latently infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tb [LTBI]), of whom about 9 million have active tuberculosis (TB). It is estimated that approximately 2 million individuals die each year from active TB. An estimated 14.4% of these individuals have HIV and M. tb co-infection. TB has long been known to be one of the leading causes of death in HIV-infected individuals. Recent evidence now indicates that individuals with type 2 diabetes, the elderly, and chronic smokers are also increasingly susceptible to TB infection, the ability of their immune system to fight off active TB infection having been compromised by their condition. This book therefore aims to provide a detailed review of recent advances in the research that involves characterizing the host's immune responses against TB infection in conditions such as HIV, diabetes, chronic cigarette smoking and aging, and strategies to restore favorable immune responses against this deadly pathogen.

Contents:
Intro; Preface; Contents; Contributors; Diabetes and Tuberculosis; Epidemiology; Clinical Aspects; TB Treatment Outcomes in TB-T2D Patients; Underlying Biology for the Association Between TB and T2D; Immune Response Studies in TB-Naïve Hosts with T2D; Immune Response Studies in Individuals with LTBI and T2D; Immune Response Studies in Individuals with TB and T2D; Studies in Individuals with TB and T2D Using Alveolar Macro phages; Host-Directed Therapies for TB in T2D Patients; Concluding Remarks; References; Recent Advances in Tuberculosis Immunodiagnostics; Introduction; Current Diagnostics. Cigarette Smoking and Increased Susceptibility to Mycobacterium tuberculosis InfectionIntroduction; Cigarette Smoking and TB; Cigarette Smoking and TB Disease; Cigarette Smoking and Mortality Due to TB; Cigarette Smoking and TB Recurrence; Cigarette Smoking and M. tb Infection; Oxidative Stress; Antioxidants; Smoking and Oxidative Stress; Oxidative Stress and Tuberculosis; Cigarette Smoking and the Immune System's Defense Against Tuberculosis; Innate Immune System; Adaptive Immune System; Summary; References; Coinfection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis and HIV; Epidemiology of TB and HIV. Epidemiology of Multidrug-Resistant (MDR) TB and Extensively Drug-Resistant (XDR) TB Among HIV-Infected PersonsNatural History of TB in People with HIV; Clinical Presentation of TB in HIV-Infected Individuals; Diagnosis of TB in Persons Coinfected with HIV; Treatment of HIV-TB Coinfection; Tuberculosis Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome (TB-IRIS); Isoniazid Preventive Therapy (IPT) for HIV-Infected Individuals; Immune Response to M. tuberculosis Infection; Aberration of Innate Immune Responses in HIV-Infected Individuals; Impaired Acquired Immune Responses in HIV-Infected Individuals. Immune Responses in TB PatientsRationale for the Development of Novel Immunodiagnostic Tests; Novel Antibody-Based Immunoassays; Future Directions for Blood-Based TB Diagnostics; References; Granulomatous Response to Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection; Introduction; Tuberculosis Pathogenesis and Granuloma Formation; Architecture and Function of Granuloma; Structural Transformation of Granuloma; Role of Cytokines in Granuloma Formation; Role of Chemokines in Granuloma Formation; B Cell Response in Tuberculosis; Metabolic Shift in Granulomas. Targeting Granulomas as a Therapeutic Approach for TBSummary and Conclusion; References; Animal Models of Tuberculosis; Introduction; Overview of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection in Model Animals; Nonhuman Primates; Rabbits; Guinea Pigs; Hamster; Mice; Rats; Marmosets; Minipigs; Zebrafish; Summary and Conclusion; References; Novel Antimycobacterial Drugs and Host-Directed Therapies for Tuberculosis; Introduction; New Antimycobacterial Drugs; Host-Directed Therapies; Host-Directed Therapies That Reduce Inflammation; Biomarkers; Conclusion; References.

Summary: When a newborn is admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), it can be frightening and overwhelming. Edited by two top NICU doctors and a veteran NICU nurse, this guide will support parents through their baby' s time in the NICU, helping them communicate with members of the NICU team, ask the right questions, and participate as valuable partners in their baby' s care.Understanding the NICU addresses such topics as common NICU equipment and tests, common medical problems for babies in the NICU, special health issues for preterm newborns, feeding and parenting in the NICU, and heading home from the NICU. This updated and fully revised edition also features new inspirational stories from parents of hospitalized newborns, bringing comfort and hope

Summary: "The Personality Inventory for DSM-5 (PID-5) was first released in 2012 as a measure of personality pathology domains and traits as described in the DSM-5 Alternative Model for Personality Disorders. In the ensuing years, interest in it-and research about it-has blossomed, especially because use of the PID-5 in assessment calls for a shift from attempting to match an individual's personal experience to preestablished categories to developing a profile unique to each patient's experiences and behaviors. This concise guide delves into the background of the PID-5 and the clinical and research guidance for its use. Reviewing the growing literature on the PID-5, this volume examines its validity in different populations, its role in different diagnostic systems, and special applications for its use. It also features norms for selected PID-5 scores and outlines their differences. Of particular use for both clinical psychologists and research psychiatrists, Understanding the Personality Inventory for DSM-5 (PID-5) is an indispensable resource for all those interested in an individualized approach to the management and treatment of personality pathologies"-- Provided by publisher.

Contents:
1 Development and Origins of the PID-5
2 Basic Measurement Properties and Validity of the PID-5 Across Populations
3 The PID-5s Different Versions for Different Needs
4 PID-5 Response Validity Assessment and Validity Scales
5 Special Applications of the PID-5
6 The PID-5 in Relationship With Other Measures
7 Interpreting PID-5 Profiles
8 Prevention and Intervention.

Summary: "For the busy clinician, this is the authoritative handbook with easy to follow clinical vignettes and relevant legal principles to master in their day to day practice to avoid common medico-legal pitfalls, whether the clinician is a physician, surgeon, nurse, researcher, medical physicist, or technician. Knowing a few commonly litigated and settled legal cases and appreciating the principles underlying the causes of action can fortify a clinician's confidence in what they are doing. Being empowered by this knowledge and understanding will mitigate their anxiety of having to do unnecessary exhaustive work ups and documentations. The benefits not only include reducing health care cost and increasing better patient access, but will also allow clinicians to practice like a pro where they think like a lawyer but care for patients like a clinician"-- Provided by publisher.

Summary: Understanding the Work of Nursing Theorists, Third Edition presents the difficult concepts of nursing theory through the use of art. While most theory texts are complex and more detailed than what is needed for students at an introductory level of theory, this text offers a different approach to teaching and learning nursing theory. Definitions and basic concepts are presented along with a brief overview of a selection of common nursing theories. The author encourages creativity through art in an effort to engage students and make them more active learners. The Third Edition includes new chapters on the theories of Patricia Benner, Imogene King, and Rosemarie Parse as well as a chapter on the process of theory development by Jean Watson. The Application to Practice sections are new and will appear as research article in each theorist chapter. -- Provided by publisher.

Contents:
Part I: Introduction to Nursing Theory
1 What is Nursing Theory?
2 Why are Theories Important in Nursing?
3 The Development of Nursing Theory
Part II: Theories that Define Nursing or Discuss Nursing in a General Sense (Philosophies)
4 Evaluating a Theory
5 Using the Art of Georges Seurat to Envision
6 Florence Nightingale's Definition of Nursing
7 Virginia Henderson's Definition of Nursing -8-- Ernestine Wiedenbach's Helping Art of Clinical Nursing
9 Jean Watson's Theory of Human/Transpersonal Caring
Part III: Theories About Broad Nursing Practice Areas: Grand Theories --10 Envisioning Theories Through Mandala Art
11 Myra Estrin Levine's Conservation Model
12 Betty Neuman's Systems Model
13 Sister Callista Roy's Adaptation Model
14 Dorothea Orem's Self-Care Model
15 Madeleine Leininger's Culture Care: Diversity and Universality Theory
Part IV: Theories About Specific Nursing Actions, Processes, or Concepts: Middle-Range Theories
16 Envisioning Theories Through Origami Art
17 Ida Jean Orlando-Pelletier's Nursing Process Theory
18 Katharine Kolcaba's Theory of Comfort
19 Nola Pender's Health-Promotion Model
20 Hildegard Peplau's Interpersonal Relations in Nursing
21 Imogene King-- Conceptual System and Theory of Goal Attainment
22 Patricia Benner--Model of Skill Acquisition in Nursing
23 Afaf Ibrahim Meleis--Transitions Theory
Part V: Theories that Defy Classification --24 Envisioning Theories That Defy Classification Through Space Photography
25 Martha Rogers's Unitary Human Beings
26 Margaret Newman's Health as Expanding Consciousness
27 Rosemarie Rizzo Parse--Theory of Human Becoming-- Part VI: Conclusion
28 Further Development of Nursing Theory
29 Use of Information Technology by Nurse Theorists --30 Twentieth Anniversary of Nursing Theory on the World Wide Web

Summary: Understanding Uniqueness and Diversity in Child and Adolescent Mental Health examines the determinates of individual differences in children and young people, along with the origins of maladjustment and psychiatric disorders. It addresses the ways in which interventions and mental health services can be developed and shaped to address individual differences amongst children. Topics cover the influence of economic adversities and gender differences on child development and life course, as well as the range of risk and protective factors associated with the onset and persistence of problems, including sections on anxiety disorders in infants, bipolar disorder, and tics and Tourette's. Additional sections focus on the potential for individualizing treatments as illustrated by pharmacogenomics, with another highlighting ways in which services can be adapted for specific environments, such as the needs of refugee children and systems of service delivery that can be enhanced by the use of telemedicine. Emphasizes the social and environmental influences on child and adolescent mental healthFocuses on early developmental and infancy processesAddresses the training of child and adolescent psychiatrists across EuropeCovers a range of illustrative psychiatric disorders and problemsForwards a goal of producing a mental health workforce with internationally recognized competencies

Summary: Over half of the world's population now lives in urban areas. Few who live in cities understand that cities, too, are ecosystems, as beholden to the laws and principles of ecology as are natural ecosystems. Understanding Urban Ecology: An Interdisciplinary Systems Approach introduces students at the college undergraduate level, or those in advanced-standing college credit high school courses, to cities as ecosystems. For graduate students it provides an overview and rich literature base. Urban planners, educators, and decision makers can use this book to help in designing a more sustainable or "green" future. The authors use a systems approach to explore the complexity and interactions of different components of a city's ecology with an emphasis on the energy and materials required to maintain such concentrated centers of human activity and consumption. The book is written by seventeen specialized contributors and includes ten accompanying detailed field exercises to promote hands-on experience, observation, and quantification of urban ecosystem structure and function. The chapters describe one by one the different subsystems of the urban environment, their individual components and functions, and the interactions among them that create the social-ecological environments in which we live. The book's emphasis on social-ecological metabolism provides students with the knowledge and methods needed to evaluate proposed policies for urban sustainability in terms of ecosystem capacity, potential positive and negative feedbacks, the laws of thermo-dynamics, and socio-cultural perception and adaptability.

Contents:
Preface. 1. What Is Urban Ecology and Why Should We Study It?
2. Urban Ecology from a Biophysical and Systems Perspective
3. Social Processes, Urban Ecosystems and Sustainability
4. Scale and Metabolism in Ancient Cities
5. Economy and Development in Modern Cities
6. The Urban Hydrological System
7. The Climate System
8. The Atmospheric System: Air Quality and Greenhouse Gases
9. Nutrient Biogeochemistry of Urban Systems
10. Material Cycles
11. The Biological System: Plants in the Urban Environment
12. The Biological System: Urban Wildlife, Adaptation and Evolution; Urbanization as a Driver of Contemporary Evolution in Gray Squirrels (Sciurus carolinensis)
13. Environmental Justice in the Urban Environment
14. Urban Food Systems
15. 15. Urban Design Toward More Holistic Systems: Improving Discipline Integration and Sustainability Evaluation
16. The Epilogue.

Contents:
The current state of healthcare costs and waste in the United States
Medical coverage in the United States
The challenges of understanding healthcare pricing
Defining value : connecting quality and safety to the costs of care
A changing landscape : cost consciousness and value in healthcare delivery
Ethics of cost conscious care
The importance of zip codes and genetic codes : variation in resource utilization
Stents, robots, and the role of technology diffusion
Primary care shortage crisis : lost opportunities to deliver value / David Margolius and Andrew Morris-Singer
Barriers to providing high-value care / Daisy Smith and Steven Weinberger
Building a pipeline for change : teaching about cost awareness and evidence-based medicine
The role of patients : shared decision making, e-patients, and consumer directed healthcare
High-value medication prescribing
Screening and prevention : balancing benefits with harms and costs
Shifting incentives : moving reimbursement from volume to value
Implementing value-based initiatives : a new challenge for clinicians and healthcare systems.

Contents:
pt. 1 Basic Pathology
1. What is pathology? / James C.E. Underwood
2. What is disease? / James C.E. Underwood
3. What causes disease? / James C.E. Underwood abd Simon S. Cross
pt. 2 Disease Mechanisms
4. Disorders of growth, differentiation and morphogenesis / Jonathan P. Bury
5. Responses to cellular injury / Jonathan P. Bury
6. Disorders of metabolism and homeostasis / Stephen R. Morley
7. Ischaemia, infarction and shock / Simon S. Cross
8. Immunology and immunopathology / W.A. Carrock Sewell
9. Inflammation / Timothy J. Stephenson
10. Neoplasia and carcinogenesis / Mark J. Arends
11. Ageing and death / Emyr W. Benbow
12. How do pathologists help patient care? / Patricia V. Vergani
pt. 3 Systematic Pathology
13. Cardiovascular system / S. Kim Suvarna
14. Respiratory tract / William A.H. Wallace
15. Alimentary system / Heike I. Grabsch
16. Liver, biliary system and pancreas / Judith I. Wyatt and Beate Haugk
17. Endocrine system / Timothy J. Stephenson
18. Breast / J. Louise Jones
19. Female genital tract / Sanjiv Manek
20. Urinary and male genital tracts / Daniel Berney
21. Kidney diseases / Ian S.D. Roberts
22. Lymph nodes and extranodal lymphoid tissue, spleen and thymus / Bridget S. Wilkins
23. Blood and bone marrow / Dominic Culligan and Henry G. Watson
24. Skin / Colin Moyes and Karen Blessing
25. Osteoarticular and connective tissues / David E. Hughes
26. Central and peripheral nervous systems / James W. Ironside and Colin Smith.

Summary: This novel is set in the near future, where human genome editing has become routine. First adopted to fight a lethal virus, it is now widely used to prevent diseases and favor other traits. Ben, Eiko, Celia, Raphael and Leo have just had their coming-of-age genome reading and are struggling with this new information for each their own reasons. Soon, they are cast into the middle of a crisis that threatens the future of their society and pits it against a parallel, but strictly separated, society where genome manipulation is forbidden on religious grounds. The book includes an essay on the potential of human genome engineering and related genome-based choices.

Contents:
Part 1: The wall
The day of the readings
Transit interviews
The truth will set you free
Part 2: Home
Unrest
The witch
Business acumen
Father Marius
Peas and politics
Part 3: Return
Safe haven
Summer rain
Part 4: Scientific Appendix. Manipulating the Human Genome: Technology and Choice.

Contents:
Part I: Definitions and Epidemiology
Definitions and Relevance of Unexplained Infertility in Reproductive Medicine
Definitions and Epidemiology of Unexplained Male Infertility
Controversies Surrounding the 2010 World Health Organization Cutoff Values for Human Semen Characteristics and Its Impact on Unexplained Infertility
Definitions and Epidemiology of Unexplained Female Infertility
Part II: Pathophysiology: Male
Sperm Biology from Production to Ejaculation
Idiopathic Infertility: Survival and Function of Sperm in the Female Reproductive Tract
Potential Male Etiologies of Unexplained Infertility
Genetic Basis of Unexplained Male Infertility
Role of the Immune System in Unexplained Male Infertility
Oxidative Stress in Unexplained Male Infertility
Role and Significance of Sperm Function in Men with Unexplained Infertility
Role of Environmental Factors and Gonadotoxin Exposure in Unexplained Male Infertility
Part III: Pathophysiology: Female
Potential Female Etiologies of Unexplained Infertility
Oxidative Stress in Unexplained Female Infertility
Role of Environmental Factors and Gonadotoxin Exposure in Unexplained Female Infertility
Cervical Hostility and Vaginal pH in Females with Unexplained Infertility
Role of Endometrial Receptivity in Unexplained Infertility
Fallopian Tube Dysfunction in Unexplained Infertility
Subtle Endometriosis and Unexplained Infertility
Part IV: Evaluation
Evaluation of Women with Unexplained Infertility
Evaluation of Men with Unexplained Infertility
Part V: Expectant, Medical and Surgical Treatment
The Role of Expectant Management for Couples with Unexplained Infertility
Treatment and Prognosis of Immunological Factors in Unexplained Male Infertility
Medication Strategies for the Male with Unexplained Infertility
Clomiphene Citrate for Women with Unexplained Infertility
Aromatase Inhibitors in the Treatment of Unexplained Female Infertility
Gonadotropins for Women with Unexplained Infertility
Part VI: Assisted Reproductive Techniques and Future Perspectives
Gonadotropin in Assisted Reproduction: An Evolution Perspective
Intrauterine Insemination in Unexplained Female Infertility
Role of In Vitro Fertilization in Unexplained Female Infertility
Role of Assisted Reproduction Techniques in the Management of Unexplained Male Infertility
Future Perspectives in the Diagnosis and Management of Unexplained Male Infertility.

Summary: This volume presents state-of-the-art information on each of the arms of the unfolded protein response (UPR), how their activation/repression are regulated, integrated, and coordinated, how UPR components affect cancer cell biology and responsiveness to therapeutic interventions, and how UPR components/activities offer potentially novel targets for drug discovery, repurposing, and development. The volume will provide the most recent information on the signaling and regulation of the UPR, explore examples of how the UPR and/or specific components contribute to cancer biology, and identify and explore specific examples of potently new actionable targets for drug discovery and development from within the UPR and its regulation. Unique to the volume will be a specific focus on the UPR and its role in cancer biology, as well as a discussion of the role of the UPR in drug responses and resistance in cancer.

Contents:
Introduction: The Unfolded Protein Response
Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Signaling During Development
Regulation of the Unfolded Protein Response and its Roles in Tumorigenesis and Cancer Therapy
ATF4, Hypoxia and Treatment Resistance in Cancer
Role of Protein Translation in the Unfolded Protein Response
Roles of Spliced and Unspliced XBP1 in Breast Cancer
The Unfolded Protein Response in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer
The Unfolded Protein Response as an Integrator of Response to Endocrine Therapy in Estrogen Receptor Positive Breast Cancer
Outside the Endoplasmic Reticulum: Non-Canonical GRP78 Signaling
Autophagy and the Unfolded Protein Response in Neurodegenerative Diseases
Index.

Summary: Owing to improved understanding of biomechanics and tribology and advances in implant design and treatment technique, total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is considered a very successful treatment for osteoarthritic knees. Nevertheless, a significant minority of patients are unhappy with the outcome, complaining of pain, instability, swelling, or reduced range of motion. This book addresses the need for improved diagnostic and treatment guidelines for this challenging group of patients. The book opens by discussing the basics of TKA and the various causes of failure and pain. Diagnostic aspects are considered in detail, with attention to advances in clinical investigation, laboratory analysis, and, in particular, imaging techniques. Furthermore, state of the art diagnostic algorithms are presented that will assist in identifying the source of the problem in individual cases. Specific pathology-related treatment options, including conservative approaches and salvage and revision TKA strategies, are then explained, with identification of the pitfalls and key points of each treatment. Future perspectives are briefly considered, and a series of cases are presented that cover clinical scenarios frequently encountered in daily clinical practice. The evidence-based, clinically focused guidance provided in this book, written by internationally renowned experts, will assist surgeons in ensuring that patients with an unsatisfactory result of TKA receive the most effective management. The book will also be helpful for general practitioners, physiotherapists, industry technicians, and engineers.

Contents:
Basics of total knee replacement
Causes of pain after TKA
Diagnostics
Treatment principles
Future developments and perspectives
Case discussion.

Summary: "High patient satisfaction, rapid recovery times, and suitability for outpatient surgery make unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) an increasingly popular surgical option for treatment of isolated, medial and lateral compartment arthritis of the knee. Drs. Richard D. Scott and Vivek Shah impart their considerable expertise in Unicompartmental Knee Arthroplasty, providing orthopaedic surgeons and related clinical staff with the comprehensive, easy-to-read information needed to make the most of this innovative procedure in daily practice. Offers in-depth operative and nonoperative coverage of partial knee replacement. Presents focused information in a quick and easy-to-read format of bulleted summaries and practical advice based on the authors' experience. Covers key topics such as evolving technology, lateral compartment arthroplasty, UKA in the middle-aged patient, UKA in the octogenarian, and prosthetic design considerations. Features high-quality figures, radiographs, and photographs, as well as practical examples, tips, challenges, and recommendations throughout. Enhanced eBook version included with purchase. Your enhanced eBook allows you to access bonus images plus all of the text, figures, and references from the book on a variety of devices"-- publisher's description.

Summary: Unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) - also known as unicondylar knee arthroplasty or partial knee replacement - is an excellent surgical option for the treatment of isolated medial, lateral and patellofemoral compartment arthritis of the knee, as long term results suggest high patient satisfaction and survivability that rivals total knee arthroplasty (TKA). These procedures are well-suited for rapid recovery protocols and outpatient surgery through well-structured surgical pathways. With demand increasing for knee arthroplasty, patients presenting sooner and at a younger age, and an ever-increasing interest from patients, surgeons and payors in outpatient surgery, the demand for unicompartmental arthroplasty is expected to increase significantly. This text will assist orthopedic surgeons, sports medicine specialists, residents and attendings in developing successful pathways for unicompartmental knee arthroplasty, divided into three thematic sections. Part one discusses the history, indications and patient selection for UKA, including how to manage patient expectations, as well as implant choices. Surgical techniques for UKA are presented in part two, both the medial and lateral sides, with discussion of mobile bearings, pain management, blood preservation strategies, and therapy options both before and after surgery. Complications and their prevention are presented in part three, including periprosthetic fractures and infection. Timely and practical, Unicompartmental Knee Arthroplasty will provide orthopedic surgeons and related clinical staff with all they need to know to bring this increasingly common technique into practice.

Contents:
Part I: General Considerations and Indications for Unicompartmental Knee Arthroplasty
1. History of the Unicompartmental Knee Arthroplasty
2. Indications for Unicompartmental Knee Arthroplasty: Which Knees Are Best?
3. Patient Criteria for Unicompartmental Knee Arthroplasty: Are There Exclusion Criteria?
4. Risk Mitigation for Unicompartmental Knee Arthroplasty
5. Managing Patient Expectations for Unicompartmental Knee Arthroplasty
6. Implant Choices for Unicompartmental Knee Arthroplasty
Part II: Surgical Techniques for Unicompartmental Knee Arthroplasty
7. Medial Unicompartmental Knee Arthroplasty: Indications and Technique
8. The Mobile Bearing in Unicompartmental Knee Arthroplasty
9. Lateral Unicompartmental Knee Arthroplasty: Indications and Technique
10. Treating Patellofemoral Osteoarthritis with Unicompartmental and Bicompartmental Knee Arthroplasty
11. Utilizing Unicompartmental Knee Arthroplasty for More Than One Compartment
12. Unicompartmental Knee Arthroplasty and Anterior Cruciate Ligament Deficiency
13. Pain Management in Unicompartmental Knee Arthroplasty
14. Blood Preservation Strategies in Total Knee and Unicompartmental Knee Arthroplasty
15. Outpatient Unicompartmental Knee Arthroplasty
16. Therapy for Unicompartmental Knee Arthroplasty: Pre-op, Day of, and Post-op
Part III: Complications of Unicompartmental Knee Arthroplasty
17. Disease Progression and Component Failure in Unicompartmental Knee Arthroplasty
18. Periprosthetic Fracture in Unicompartmental Knee Arthroplasty
19. Preventing Infections in Unicompartmental Knee Arthroplasty
20. Infection Remediation in Unicompartmental Knee Arthroplasty.

Summary: In recent years, our understanding of the unified airway concept has become paramount in the diagnosis, treatment, and management of sinonasal, airway, and respiratory disorders. The relationship between sinonasal inflammatory disorders, such as chronic rhinosinusitis, and pulmonary disorders, such as asthma or cystic fibrosis, is being examined more closely than ever before. This volume comprehensively reviews and discusses the unified airway approach, and more closely examines the relationship between sinonasal inflammatory disorders and pulmonary disorders. The text is formatted as an easy to read reference with bulleted points and sample case studies that maximize the clinical value of the evidence and data described. In addition to exploring chronic rhinosinusitis in patients with asthma and cystic fibrosis, other topics include pediatric chronic rhinosinusitis, aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease, chronic bronchiectasis, primary ciliary dyskinesia, immunodeficiencies, and the unified airway microbiome. Rhinologic Disease and Respiratory Disorders will be an invaluable guide for practicing otolaryngologists, allergists, pulmonologists, otolaryngologists-in-training, and rhinologists.

Contents:
1. Microbiome of the Unified Airway
2. Allergic Rhinitis and Chronic Rhinosinusitis
3. Adenoid Disease and Pediatric Chronic Rhinosinusitis
4. Asthma and Chronic Rinosinusitis: Origins and Pathogenesis
5. Asthma and Chronic Rhinosinusitis: Diagnosis and Medical Management
6. Aspirin-Exacerbated Respiratory Disease
7. Aspirin Exacerbated Respiratory Disease.-8. Cystic Fibrosis and Chronic Rhinosinusitis: Diagnosis and Medical Management
9. Cystic Fibrosis and Chronic Rhinosinusitis: Surgical Management and Outcomes
10. Cystic Fibrosis and Chronic Rhinosinusitis: Interventions on the Horizon
11. Bronchiectasis and Chronic Rhinosinusitis
12. Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia.

Summary: "Contemporary research on major emotional disorders emphasizes their commonalities rather than their differences. This research continues to lend support for a unified transdiagnostic approach to treatment of these disorders that considers their commonalities and is applicable to a range of emotional problems. Unified Protocol for Transdiagnostic Treatment of Emotional Disorders provides an alternative to disorder-specific treatments of various emotional disorders, designed to be applicable to the wide range of anxiety and other disorders with strong emotional components. The Therapist Guide and accompanying client Workbook present an eight-module therapy program that puts substantial emphasis on emotion-focused approaches, helping clients confront and experience challenging emotions while teaching them how to regulate those emotions. Expanded considerably in this second edition, the volume provides guidance on using the Unified Protocol (UP) to address problems not only with anxiety, but also with depression, eating disorders, non-suicidal self-injury, substance use, and anger. Treatment procedures have been further elucidated and more guidance is provided to practitioners on how to present key treatment concepts. Chapters brand new to this updated edition introduce functional assessment and describe how to provide the UP in a group format, while patient materials have been revised, streamlined, and made more user-friendly."--Back cover.

Summary: This patient workbook is designed to be applicable to all anxiety and unipolar mood disorders, as well as other disorders with strong emotional components, such as many somatoform and dissociative disorders. It covers the Unified Protocol (UP), which capitalises on the contributions made by cognitive-behavioural theorists by distilling and incorporating the common principles of CBT present in all evidenced based protocols for specific emotional disorders, as well as drawing on the field of emotion science for insights into deficits in emotion regulation.

Summary: Covers guidelines for the format of manuscripts submitted to biomedical journals. In addition, discusses retraction of research findings, order of authorship, definition of a peer-reviewed journal, and conflict of interest. Each statement was initially published in a scientific journal and citations to the original publications are included.

Summary: Biportal endoscopic spine surgery has been rapidly developed recently, and Unilateral biportal endoscopic spine (UBE) surgery may be new stream in spine surgery. UBE surgery is a new concept of surgery that is different from the existing one portal endoscopic surgery, and has the advantage of being familiar with spinal surgeons as the surgical anatomy is similar to a general surgical method, and the learning curve period is short. The 4mm diameter endoscope provides a very clear image, and it can be safely operated under magnified and clear endoscopic view. It is also available to use general surgical instruments in addition to endoscopic surgical instruments during UBE approaches. Currently it is being performed not only in the lumbar spine, but also in the cervical and thoracic spine. In addition, simple laminectomy, disc removal, and spinal fusion are possible. With the advancement of UBE surgery, spinal surgeons from various countries have been performing UBE in recent years, and it is gradually spreading to the world. This will be the first book summarizing from basic to advanced techniques with abundant illustrations and video aid for easy understanding. .

Contents:
1. Introduction of UBE
(1) History
(2) Basic concept
(3) Instruments and setting
2. Lumbar disc herniation treated by UBE
(1) Central and paracentral HNP
(2) Foraminal and extraforaminal HNP
(3) Contralateral approach
(4) Recurred disc herniation
3. Lumbar stenosis treated by UBE
(1) Central or lateral recess stenosis
(2) Contralateral approach
(3) Foraminal stenosis
(4) Far out syndrome
4. Lumbar interbody fusion by UBE
(1) Usual TLIF
(2) Ex TLIF
(3) Fusion extension
(4) Hybrid fusion surgery
5. Cervical and thoracic lesion by UBE
(1) cervical posterior foraminotomy
(2) cervical laminectomy
(3) Thoracic discectomy
(4) Thoracic laminecotmy.

Summary: Endoscopic spinal surgery has become popular due its procedure-related benefits. The biportal endoscopic surgery is a recent technique, which has gained popularity in Asia, Europe, and Latin America since it can be applied to treat many diseases of the whole spine as cervical, thoracic, lumbar and sacral. Divided into thirty-four chapters, this first-ever book on unilateral biportal endoscopic spine surgery presents the technique history review and its current applications; the currently available technology and basic principles of this surgery: anesthesia, position, and operative room setup; endoscopic instruments, hydrostatic pressure, and intraoperative radiology; as well as anatomical considerations of basic approaches. It also details the techniques to resolve lumbar, cervical and thoracic spine diseases. Written by the world's most influential groups that perform the method, Unilateral Biportal Endoscopy of the Spine: An Atlas of Surgical Techniques will certainly be widely accepted by all surgeons interested to improve their daily practice in minimally invasive spine surgery.

Contents:
Intro
Foreword
Foreword
Preface
Preface
Acknowledgments
Contents
Part I: Generalities
Chapter 1: The Unilateral Biportal Endoscopic Spine Surgery Concept: An Overview
Introduction
An Overview of the UBE Technique
Generalities of UBE
Conclusion
References
Chapter 2: Brief History Review of Unilateral Biportal Spinal Endoscopy
Introduction
Important Milestones for the Development of UBE
Discussion
Conclusion
References
Chapter 3: Unilateral Biportal Endoscopic Spinal Surgery Evidence-Based Outcome
Introduction Laminectomy for Spinal Stenosis and Disc Herniation
Clinical Outcomes
Learning Curve
Operative Time, Opioid Use, and Hospital Stay
Dural Expansion, Facet Preservation, and Secondary Instability
Muscle Damage
Safety
Complications
Lumbar Spinal Interbody Fusion
Clinical Outcomes
Compared with Minimally Invasive TLIF or PLIF
Fusion Rate
Complications
Learning Curve
Lumbar Foraminal Stenosis
Extraforaminal Decompression at Lumbosacral Lesion
Cervical Foraminotomy
Cervical Spinal Stenosis
Conclusion
References Chapter 4: Current Technology Available for Unilateral Biportal Endoscopic Spinal Surgery
Introduction
Brief Summary of UBE in the Market
Technology for UBE
Arthroscopic Lenses
Arthroscopy Sheath
Light Sources
Cameras
Advanced Imaging Platforms Available for UBE
Radiofrequency
High-Speed Drill, Shaver, and Burrs
Water Pumps
Intraoperative Navigation-Assisted UBE
Other Technologies
Conclusion
References
Part II: Basic Principles Chapter 5: Basic Principles of Unilateral Biportal Endoscopic Spinal Surgery: Operative Room Setup, Anesthesia, and Patient Positioning
Introduction
Operative Room Setup
Operating Table
Lighting Equipment
Anesthesiology Machine
Intraoperative Fluoroscopy
Endoscopy Tower
Anesthesia
Patient Positioning
Surgical Area Preparation
Surgical Instruments
Discussion
Conclusion
References
Chapter 6: Basic Principles of Unilateral Biportal Endoscopic Spinal Surgery: Technical Considerations Before Starting
Introduction Organization of the Working Space in the Surgery Room
Patient Positioning
Fluid Irrigation
Radiological Landmarks for Access
Discussion
Conclusion
References
Chapter 7: Basic Principles of Unilateral Biportal Endoscopic Spinal Surgery: Anatomical Considerations of Elementary Approaches
Introduction
Unilateral Biportal Endoscopic Cervical Approaches
Deep Cervical Muscles
Bony Elements
Ligamentum Flavum
The Epidural Space Through Biportal Endoscopy
Peridural Membrane
Meningovertebral Ligaments
Vascular Supply and Drainage of Epidural Space

Contents:
1. Influenza- a global threat requiring a global response
2. 1918-1947, aftermath of a devastating pandemic
3. 1947-1952, the birth of GISRS
4. GISRS, a public health resource for the world
5. From WHO recommendations to seasonal influenza vaccine production
6. Preparing for the next pandemic, constant vigilance and readiness to respond
7. A long history or responding to emergencies
8. Harnessing technology and furthering knowledge
9. Working together, the driving force of GISRS
10. Looking to the furture
The GISRS journal.

Summary: "Research universities commonly have an office of technology transfer. University technology transfer involves the identification, protection, and marketing of university research output in order to transfer opportunities from the university into the commercial sphere. Businesses then invest in the development of products and services derived from the transferred knowledge. The author is an expert on technology transfer who writes about it in the setting of the United Kingdom and United States. This book is intended principally for university administrators who want to understand how such transfer works"-- Provided by publisher.

Contents:
Question time
Coming out
How it works
Why it is difficult
Structures
Going to market
Mind the gap
Innovation community
Give and take
Currencies and metrics
Impact
Whatever next.

Summary: Unravelling the intricate cell signalling networks and their significance in cancer poses major intellectual challenge. Keeping this in mind, the book aims at understanding the mechanism of action of different proteins and their complexes in the cancer signalling pathways. Hence, the proposed book that comprises 20 chapters provides a comprehensive introduction on cell signalling, its alterations in cancer, molecules that have been popular targets as well as the ones that are emerging as targets. In addition, it discusses different forms of therapy that are coming up for its treatment. Other than that, a major portion of the book is focused on studying different disciplines at the interface of biology and other areas of science that are being used to understand cancer biology in depth.

Contents:
Cancer Biology and its Treatment Modalities: A Brief Historical Perspective
Emerging Peptide Technologies in Cancer Therapy
Protein Palmitoylation in Cancer
Advances in Mass Spectrometry-Based Proteomics and its Application in Cancer Research
Apoptosis in Cancer Cell Signaling and Current Therapeutic Possibilities
Integration of Evolutionary Theory into Cancer Biology and Caspase Signaling
Emerging Epigenetic Targets and their Implications in Cancer Therapy
Anti-cancer Immunotherapy: Prospects and Challenges
Preclinical Animal Models for Cancer Research and Drug Discovery
Dysregulated Signaling Pathways in Cancer: Approaches and Applications
Analysing Cancer Signalling Pathways: A Structural Bioinformatics Approach
Targeting Cancer from a Structural Biology Perspective
Applications of NMR in Cancer Research
Proteomics for Cancer: Approaches and Challenges
Applications of Microarray in Cancer Cell Signaling Pathways
Nanotechnology: The Future for Cancer Treatment
Preclinical Non-invasive Imaging in Cancer Research and Drug Discovery: An Overview
Genomic Applications and Insights in Unravelling Cancer Signalling Pathways
Applications of Computational Systems Biology in Cancer Signaling Pathways
New Emerging Molecules in Cancer Research Which Hold Promise in Current Era.

Summary: "In this fascinating journey through the human body and across the globe, Dr. Reisman weaves together stories about our insides with a unique perspective on life, culture, and the natural world. Jonathan Reisman, M.D.--a physician, adventure traveler and naturalist--brings readers on an odyssey navigating our insides like an explorer discovering a new world with The Unseen Body. With unique insight, Reisman shows us how understanding mountain watersheds helps to diagnose heart attacks, how the body is made mostly of mucus, not water, and how urine carries within it a tale of humanity's origins. Through his offbeat adventures in healthcare and across the globe, Reisman discovers new perspectives on the body: a trip to the Alaskan Arctic reveals that fat is not the enemy, but the hero; a stint in the Himalayas uncovers the boundary where the brain ends and the mind begins; and eating a sheep's head in Iceland offers a lesson in empathy. By relating rich experiences in far-flung lands and among unique cultures back to the body's inner workings, he shows how our organs live inextricably intertwined lives--an internal ecosystem reflecting the natural world around us. Reisman offers a new and deeply moving perspective, and helps us make sense of our bodies and how they work in a way readers have never before imagined."-- Provided by publisher.

Contents:
Introduction
Throat
Heart
Feces
Genitals
Liver
Pineal gland
Brain
Skin
Urine
Fat
Lungs
Eyes
Mucus
Fingers and toes
Blood.

Summary: Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a challenging condition with a collection of possible symptomsnightmares, relentless harmful emotions (anger, fear, guilt), hypervigilance, flashbacks, and an amplified startle response. PTSD patients are at greater risk of suicide. About 80-percent of the afflicted also suffer from other psychiatric problems (depression, alcoholism, drug abuse). Some causes of PTSD are rape, combat exposure, child abuse, accidents, and fire. Psychiatrist Jain (the daughter of immigrants from India with a family history of trauma) incorporates anecdotes of her patients to help explain the etiologies, diagnoses, and treatments of PTSD. A sampling includes a woman who is sexually assaulted as a teenager and later endures her baby's SIDS death, a marine who served in Iraq and witnessed a street bombing that maimed or killed many civilians, and an individual badly injured in a car accident. The best treatment remains talk therapy (cognitive behavioral therapy), and medication (chiefly SSRI antidepressants) can be beneficial. Jain asserts that the importance of accessible treatment and early intervention for PTSD cannot be overstated, while also emphasizing the genuine healing value of empathy and simply listening.

Contents:
Part 1. Discovering traumatic stress. The road trip with my father ; A pressing public health concern ; A brief history of trauma ; Old wine in a new bottle? From shell shock to battered women to PTSD ; Rocky roads: overdiagnosis and underrecognition
Part 2. The Brain. A disorder of memory ; Nightmares ; Flashbacks ; An unlived life: the hidden cost of avoidance ; Denial land: when trauma memories are deeply buried ; Carrying sorrows in the blood: cortisol, epigenetics, and generational trauma ; A wildness in the bones: acute awareness and shady moods ; Dissociation: the two-thousand-yard stare
Part 3. The Body. Bodily wounds ; A soldier's heart: PTSD and cardiac disease ; Russian roulette: the perilous bond between traumatic stress and addiction ; Broken smiles: the toxicity of childhood adversity ; Senescence: traumatic stress in late life
Part 4. Quality of life. Complex trauma ; Intimate violence: a secret pandemic ; A danger to others: hurt people hurt other people ; Angry loving: the stubborn imprint of inner-city poverty ; The fairer sex? Rape, secondary injuries, and postpartum PTSD ; Shame: the Cinderella emotion ; The science of suicide prevention
Part 5. Treating traumatic stress. Talking cures and beyond ; Psych meds ; Medication management ; The allure of magic bullets
Part 6. Our world on trauma. Trauma of the masses: a wicked problem ; The 1947 partition ; War, disaster, and terror: hard-earned knowledge and lessons for the future ; An Americanization of human suffering?
Part 7. New era: an ounce of prevention. Prevention with precision ; The golden hours ; Reaching the hard to reach: making PTSD treatment more accessible ; The power of social networks ; The science of resilience ; Afterword: a precious inheritance.

Summary: Providing a detailed review of one of the most common clinical problems, elbow instability, this comprehensive text organizes the most up-to-date, evidence-based information on the rapidly advancing field of elbow surgery. Initial chapters focus on anatomy, biomechanics and the most currently utilized surgical approaches for the treatment of the unstable elbow. Subsequent chapters focus on the evaluation and surgical treatments of acute instabilities, such as simple dislocations and fracture-dislocations, as well as chronic instabilities, including chapters focusing on the non-operative and operative management of the throwing athlete. The final chapters describe additional treatment strategies for complex instabilities, focusing on external fixation, total elbow arthroplasty and elbow fusion. Each chapter includes background information, an evaluation section, a treatment algorithm, non-operative treatment strategies, surgical management, published outcomes and preferred methods of treatment from each author. A supplemental video section is also included, depicting frequently performed procedures. Written by experts in the field, The Unstable Elbow consolidates all of the current knowledge of elbow instability into a valuable resource for orthopedic surgeons and residents worldwide.

Contents:
Part I: Anatomy and Biomechanics of the Elbow
Anatomy of the Elbow
Biomechanics of the Elbow
Surgical Approaches to the Elbow
Part II: Acute Instabilities of the Elbow
Treatment of Simple Elbow Dislocations
Management of Terrible Triads
Varus Posteromedial Rotatory Instability
Posterior Monteggia Fracture-Dislocations
Transolecranon Fracture-Dislocations
Treatment of Longitudinal Forearm Instability: Essex-Lopresti Injury
Part III: Chronic Instabilities of the Elbow
Evaluation and Management of Posterolateral Rotatory Instability (PLRI)
Evaluation and Nonoperative Treatment of the Unstable Throwing Elbow
Operative Strategies for Ulnar Collateral Ligament Insufficiency
Treatment of Combined Medial and Lateral Collateral Ligament Insufficiency
Treatment of the Chronically Subluxated Elbow (Persistent Elbow Instability)
External Fixation in the Setting of Elbow Instability
The Role of Total Elbow Arthroplasty in the Setting of Elbow Instability
Elbow Fusion for The Unstable Elbow. .

Summary: Helping you uncover your potential and upgrade your performance to become the best, this the inspiring framework illustrates its straightforward explanations with dozens of personal accounts from leaders across numerous industries, including business, media, sports, and more.

Contents:
Introduction
The undertaker
The caretaker
The playmaker
The game changer
It's about decisions, not conditions
The wonder of why
Live your life in the zone
Go A.P.E
The key to mental toughness
Create your unstoppable philosophy
Develop a daily mindset discipline
The unfathomable power of example
Epilogue.

Summary: Health professionals who care for children will find a thoughtful and hands-on resource to address racism and race-related issues in their practices in this essay collection. Leading experts from across disciplines frame the issues and provide practical information on prevention, intervention, and anticipatory guidance.

Contents:
Front Matter
Part 1. Framing the Issues
1. Moving Toward Health Equity
2. Social Determinants of Health and the Invisible Ubiquity of Racism: A Driving Force of Health Inequities and the Way Forward
3. Implicit and Explicit Biases and the Pediatric Health Professional
4. How Adults Can Promote Positive Racial and Ethnic Identities in the Context of Structural Racism
5. Understanding Racism and Adolescence
Part 2. Intersections of Racism and Health for Children and Adolescents
Section 1. Population-Specific Issues
6. Considering Multiracial Youth: Identity Challenges and Health Outcomes
7. Treaties, Public Health Service, and Health Status of Native American Children, Adolescents, and Young Adults
8. The Model Minority Myth
9. The Intersection of Race, Sexuality, and Gender Identity During Adolescence
10. The Intersection of Racism, Immigration, and Child Health
11. Neurodevelopmental Disorders and the Impact of Racism
12. Addressing the Impact of Racism on the Mental Health of Youth: A Focus on Pediatric Health Professionals and Collaborators
13. Substance Use Policy and Practice
14. Reproductive Justice-Informed Care for STIs, Contraception, and Abortion in Pediatrics
Section 2. Community Experiences of Racism
15. The Role of Racism in Child and Adolescent Injuries
16. The Impact of Racism on Education
17. The Impact of Interactions With Law Enforcement on the Health of Racially Minoritized Youth
18. Youth Legal System
19. Environmental Justice
Part 3. Optimizing Anti-racism in Practice
Section 1. Clinical Practice
20. Using Racial Equity Policy Tools to Further Anti-racism in Pediatrics
21. Culturally Congruent Strategies to Build the Pediatric Health Workforce
22. Book Sharing and Children's Literature as a Strategy for Facilitating Conversations on Race
23. Talking With White Children and Adolescents About Racism
24. Racial Trauma and Trauma-Informed Practice
25. Why #RepresentationMatters in Media
26. Positive Youth Development as an Anti-racist Strategy
27. The Role of Pediatric Health Professionals in Promoting Equity and Child Development
28. Helping Minoritized Youth Resist Racism
Section 2. Organization/Systems
29. Best Practices in Diversity Management
30. The Role of Quality and Safety in Furthering Health Equity
31. Achieving Equity for Opportunity Youth
32. Pediatric and Adolescent Research on Race and Racism
Section 3. Public Health, Policy, and Advocacy
33. Child Health Advocacy and Anti-racism
34. Public Health: Disparities and Inequities in Your Community
35. Conclusion
Index

Contents:
Isolated sleep paralysis / Brian A. Sharpless and Dan Denis
Sexual behaviors in sleep / Elena del Busto, Frederick R. Stoddard II, and Jourdan S. Cruz
Exploding head syndrome / Brian A. Sharpless and Jacob A. Zimmerman
Capgras and other misidentification syndromes / Arthur Sinkman
Attention deficit disorder psychosis / Jan Dirk Blom, Marieke Niemantsverdiret, Anke Spuijbroek, and Sandra Kooji
Cotard's syndrome / Hans Debruyne
Persistent genital arousal disorder / David Goldmeier and Shalini Andrews
Necrophilia / Sara G. West and Phillip J. Resnick
Frotteurism / Richard McAnulty
Autoerotic asphyxia and asphyxiophilia / Stephen Hucker
Koro : a genital retraction syndrome / Petra Garlipp
Taijin kyofusho / Brian A. Sharpless, Amy L. Balko, and Jessica L. Grom
Brain fag syndrome / Peter O. Ebigbo, Chimezie Leswas Elekwachi, and Felix Chukwunenyem Nweze
Jerusalem syndrome and paris syndrome : two extraordinary disorders / Eliezer Witztum and Moshe Kalian
Dhat syndrome / Rocío Martín-Santos, Ricard Navinés, and Manuel Valdés
Ataques de nervios / Roberto Lewis-Fernández and Irene López
Alice in wonderland syndrome / Jan Dirk Blom
Factitious disorders / Brenda Bursch and Robert Haskell
Diogenes syndrome / Brian O'Shea
Pseudologia phantastica : pathological lying / Petra Garlipp
Body integrity identity disorder / Anna Sedda.

Contents:
Benign Multicystic Mesothelioma
Pseudomyxoma Peritonei arising from different origin rather than appendix and ovary
Colorectum
Fallopian tube
Duodenum
Small bowel
Pancreas
Desmoplastic small round cell tumour
Uterine sarcoma
Peritoneal metastases from breast cancer.-Peritoneal metastases from small bowel adenocarcinoma
Peritoneal metastases from Imatinib resistant GISTosis
Peritoneal metastases from serous papillary uterinecarcinoma
Peritoneal metastases from unusalorigins
Pancreas
Gallbladder
Liver
Adrenal
Esophagus
Peritoneal metastases from sarcoma
Peritoneal metastases from unusual miscellaneous tumours
Retroperitoneal mullerian adenocarcinoma
A giant mesentery malignant solitary fibrous tumour.

Summary: "This book provides information about previously neglected or unknown aspects of the history of diabetes research. Although not written by historians, nor meant to cover all aspects, it highlights important milestones in diabetology, such as the discovery of pancreatic diabetes in 1888, the discovery of life-saving insulin in 1922, and the story of how diabetologists came to accept that diabetics could learn to self-monitor and adjust their insulin dosage themselves"-- Provided by publisher.

Contents:
Diabetes in Ancient Times : The Long and Winding Road to Insulin / Porta, M.
Claude Bernard Invented Metabolic Research / Jörgens, V.
Paul Langerhans : The Man Who Discovered the Islets / Jörgens, V.
Apollinaire Bouchardat Invented Patient Education / Jörgens, V.
Oskar Minkowski and the Discovery of Pancreatic Diabetes / Jörgens, V.
Allen and Joslin and the Starvation Treatment of Diabetes / Mazur, A.
They Got Very Near the Goal : Zülzer, Scott, and Paulescu / Jörgens, V.
First among Equals : Macleod, Banting, and the Discovery of Insulin in Toronto / McHardy, K.; Petrie J.R.
The True Banting and Best Story : The Priority Rule and the Discovery of the Antidiabetic Hormone / de Leiva-Hidalgo, A.; Brugués, E.; de Leiva-Pérez, A.
Starting Insulin Therapy in Europe : The Early Days / Czupryniak, L.
Historical Development of Oral Antidiabetic Agents : The Era of Fortuitous Discovery / Lebovitz, H.E.; Bonhomme, Y.
Josef von Mering : The Baron Who Discovered SGLT Inhibition / Jörgens, V.
Metformin : From a Stepchild to the Crown Prince / Mehnert, H.
The Rise and Fall of the Glitazones / Gale, E.
Dr. R.D. Lawrence : His Contribution to Diabetology / Lawrence, J.
Diabetes Control Can Avoid Complications : The Pioneering Work of Jean Pirart / Lefèbvre, P.J.
Together We Are Stronger : The ADA and EASD / Jörgens, V.; Grüsser, M.
The Discovery of Glucagon and Glucagon-Related Peptides / Lefèbvre, P.J.
History of the Treatment of Diabetic Ketoacidosis / Alberti, K.G.M.M.
Milestones in the History of the Metabolic Management of Hyperglycemia in Pregnancy / de Leiva-Pérez, A.; Brugués, E.; de Leiva-Hidalgo, A.
Saving Sight : A History of Diabetic Eye Disease / Porta, M.; Klein, R.; Klein B.E.K.; Kohner, E.M.
The History of Prevention and Treatment of Diabetic Nephropathy / Parving, H.-H.; Rossing, P.
A History of Patient Education for People with Diabetes : A Very Personal View / Jörgens, V.
Psycho-Social Issues in Diabetes : A Posthumous Contribution by Bruno Bruni and Pierluigi Barbero / Gamba, S.; Porta, M.
How Technology Improved Care : Troves of the Diabetes Museum in Turin / Gamba, S.; Porta, M.
Three and a Half Thousand Years of Diabetes Research / Porta, M.; Jörgens, V.

Summary: "'I was born at a crossroads: a crossroads in history, a crossroads in culture, and a geographical crossroads in North Houston County in East Texas.' Born in 1945, Ruth J. Simmons grew up the twelfth child of sharecroppers. Her first home had no running water, no electricity to light the two crowded rooms, no books to read. Yet despite this-or, in her words, because of it-Simmons would become one of America's preeminent educators. The former president of Smith College and Brown University, and now the outgoing president of Prairie View A&M, Texas's oldest HBCU, for decades Simmons has inspired generations of students as she herself made history. In Up Home, Simmons takes us back to Grapeland to show how the people who love us when we are young shape who we become: We meet her caring, tireless mother who managed to feed her large family with an often empty pantry; her father, who refused to let racial and economic injustice crush his youngest daughter's dreams; the doting brothers and sisters; and the attentive teachers who welcomed Ruth into the classroom, guiding her to a future she could hardly imagine as a child"-- Provided by publisher.

Contents:
East Texas. Crossroads ; Miss Fannie and Mr. Ike ; Greater New Hope ; Latexo ; Miss Ida Mae
Fifth Ward. Bloody Fifth ; Canaan ; Black Antigone ; Community
The world. Fair Dillard ; Worlds Apart ; Commencement. Epilogue.

Summary: This concise and comprehensive volume updates health professionals on recent advances in the field of pediatrics. It includes chapters in every subspecialty of pediatrics, such as critical care, development emergency medicine and genetics. Ranging from traditional disciplines such as infectious disease and cardiology to more current disciplines such as adolescent medicine, metabolics and genetics this is an indispensable guide for the busy clinician who wishes to stay up-to date with latest advances in the field. Through the use of summaries and bullet points, the book conciselly describes the latest recommendations and guidelines in pediatrics and provides a good overview of the available technology for each subspecialty. The team of authors is made up of experienced clinicians and researchers in their respective fields.

Contents:
3.3 CRT in Atrial Fibrillation
3.4 Timing of CRT Introduction
3.5 CRT Programming
3.6 Attempts to Address Nonresponders
3.7 The Future of CRT
References
Chapter 4: Noninvasive Positive Pressure Ventilation
4.1 Introduction
4.2 CPAP and NPPV (Including ASV) for Acute Pulmonary Edema and Acute Heart Failure, and the Mechanism of Effectiveness of Positive Pressure Treatment for Hemodynamics
4.3 CPAP and NPPV for Sleep Apnea Associated with Heart Failure and the Mechanism of Effectiveness of Positive Pressure Treatment for Apnea 4.4 Beneficial Effect of ASV Therapy for Chronic Heart Failure
4.5 Is ASV Therapy Really Harmful? Beyond the SERVE-HF Study
4.6 Conclusion
References
Chapter 5: Comprehensive Cardiac Rehabilitation
5.1 Treatments for HF
5.2 Effects of Exercise Therapy
5.3 Exercise Prescription for HF
5.4 Sarcopenia in HF
5.5 Resistance Exercise
5.6 Aerobic and Resistance Exercises in HF
5.7 Comprehensive Cardiac Rehabilitation
References
Chapter 6: IABP/ECMO
6.1 IABP
6.1.1 Overview
6.1.2 IABP for Cardiogenic Shock (CS): Current Evidence
6.1.2.1 Definition of CS 6.1.2.2 IABP for CS
6.1.3 Clinical Practice and Future Perspective
6.2 Veno-arterial Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (VA-ECMO)
6.2.1 Overview
6.2.2 VA-ECMO for CS: Current Evidence
6.2.3 Indications and Contraindications
6.2.4 Clinical Practice
6.2.4.1 Cannulation
6.2.4.2 Daily Management
6.2.4.3 Weaning
6.2.5 Complications
References
Chapter 7: Impella
7.1 Impella Left Ventricular Support System
7.2 Indication, Background, and Complication of Impella
7.3 ECPELLA (ECMO Plus Impella)
7.4 The Methodology of Impella Delivery into the Left Ventricle 7.5 Management Practice During Impella Support
7.6 Management of Hemolysis
7.7 Next Step from Impella
References
Chapter 8: MitraClip
8.1 Introduction
8.2 Edge-to-Edge Repair (MitraClip®)
8.3 MitraClip® in Degenerative MR
8.4 MitraClip® in Functional MR
References
Chapter 9: MVP/LV Plasty
9.1 Introduction
9.2 Partial Left Ventriculectomy
9.2.1 Surgical Procedure
9.2.2 Outcomes
9.3 Mitral Valve Plasty
9.3.1 Restrictive Mitral Annuloplasty
9.3.2 Subvalvular Procedures
9.3.3 Guidelines for Mitral Valve Surgery in Secondary MR
9.4 Left Ventriculoplasty for the Treatment of Ischemic Cardiomyopathy.

Contents:
Chapter 1: Update in migraine preventive treatment
1. Introduction
2. Preventive medications for migraine
2.1. Beta-blockers
2.2. Antiepileptic drugs
2.3. Calcium channel blockers
2.4. Antidepressants
2.5. Non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)
2.6. Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) and angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs)
2.7. Miscellaneous
3. Preventive medications for chronic migraine
3.1. OnabotulinumtoxinA
3.2. Topiramate
4. Calcitonin gene-related peptide monoclonal antibodies
4.1. Erenumab
4.2. Galcanezumab
4.3. Fremanezumab
4.4. Eptinezumab
5. Special considerations
5.1. Menstrual-related migraine
5.2. Pregnancy and breastfeeding
5.3. Children and adolescents
6. Conclusion
References
Chapter 2: Therapeutic implications of cortical spreading depression models in migraine
1. Migraine
2. Cortical spreading depression
3. Basics on in vivo experimental models of CSD
4. Consequences of CSD
4.1. Trigeminovascular activation
4.2. Cortical inflammation
4.3. Disruption of blood-brain barrier and impaired glymphatic flow
5. Migraine modulators affect CSD susceptibility
5.1. Genetic factors
5.2. Sex and age
5.3. Stress, sleep deprivation and hypoglycemia
6. CSD inhibition reflecting clinical responsiveness
7. CSD inhibitors that inhibit migraine aura but not headache
7.1. Ketamine
7.2. Lamotrigine
7.3. Tonabersat
8. Novel targets for migraine therapeutics
8.1. Calcitonin gene-related peptide
8.2. Ion channels
8.2.1. Pannexin-1 channels and P2X7 receptors
8.2.2. Acid-sensing ion channels (ASICs)
8.2.3. Transient receptor potential (TRP) channels
8.2.4. TWIK-related spinal cord potassium channel (TRESK)
8.3. Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1)
8.4. Neuromodulation
8.4.1. Vagus nerve stimulation
8.4.2. Transcranial magnetic stimulation
8.4.3. Transcranial direct current stimulation
9. Future directions and potentials for CSD models
10. Conclusion
Funding
References
Chapter 3: Electrophysiological basis for antiepileptic drugs in migraine prevention
Abstract
Keywords
1. Introduction --2. Basic concepts of electrophysiological studies in migraine
3. The visual cortex
3.1. Steady-state visual evoked potential (SSVEP)
3.2. Pattern reversal visual evoked potential (PRVEP)
3.3. Phosphene induced by transcranial magnetic stimulation
3.4. Magnetic suppression of perceptual accuracy (MSPA)
4. The somatosensory cortex
4.1. Standard (broad-band) somatosensory evoked potential
4.2. High-frequency oscillations of the somatosensory evoked potential
5. The motor cortex
5.1. Motor threshold (MTh) and motor evoked potentials (MEPs)
5.2. Silent period (SP).

Summary: This book outlines the currently available clinical, epidemiological and experimental data on Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) with special emphasis on studies and results achieved in Europe. The incidence and severity of CDI has increased significantly over the last decade, and the book explains why C. difficile, recently reclassified as Clostridioides difficile, remains a significant challenge, also from economic perspective, to health care systems all over the world. The different reservoirs of this ubiquitous microorganism are reviewed as well as the different factors contributing to its virulence, such as toxins and biofilm formation. The rapid evolution of antibiotic resistance is clearly a concern and in a specific way can influence the CDI epidemiology. Additionally, new emerging strains and comparative genomics studies are discussed for their relevance from epidemiological and evolutionary point of view. The book also gives an overview on diagnostics, therapy and surveillance, all of which are still challenging. Therefore, a closer look is taken on the effect of probiotics as an alternative to antibiotics, for prevention and treatment of CDI. Fecal transplantation from healthy donors, passive immunotherapies and vaccines for patients with recurrences are also discussed in dedicated chapters. The book closes with a summary of the history and the achievements of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases Study Group for Clostridium difficile (ESGCD) written by the current and past presidents of the Society. It is the aim of this book to raise awareness on CDI and to disseminate updated information on its prevention, diagnosis and treatment.

Contents:
Foreword (P. Mastrantonio and M. Rupnik)
Economic burden of CDI in European countries (E. Reigadas and E. Bouza)
The need for European surveillance of CDI(C. Wiuff, A.Lan Banks, F. Fitzpatrick, L. Cottom)
Diagnostic guidance for C. difficile infections (M.J.T. Crobach,A.Baktash, N. Duszenko, E.J. Kuijper)
Ribotypes and new virulent strains across Europe (J. Couturier, K. Davies, C. Gateau, F. Barbut)
Comparative genomics of C. difficile strains (S. Janezic, J.R.Garneau, M. Monot)
Cellular uptake and mode-of-action of Clostridium difficile toxins (P.Papatheodorou, H. Barth, N. Minton, K. Aktories)
Clostridium difficile biofilm (C. Vuotto, G. Donelli, A. Buckley, C. Chilton)
European practice for CDI treatment (F. Fitzpatrick, M. Skally, M. Brady, K. Burns, C. Rooney, M.H. Wilcox)
Antibiotic resistances of Clostridium difficile (P. Spigaglia, P. Mastrantonio, F. Barbanti)
Probiotics for prevention and treatment of Clostridium difficile infection (L. Valdes Varela, M. Gueimonde, P. Ruas-Madiedo)
Faecal microbiota transplantation as emerging treatment in European countries (M. Maida, J. McIlroy, G. Ianiro, G. Cammarota)
Immunization strategies against Clostridium difficile (J.F. Bruxelle, S. PinA. Collignon)
Non-human C. difficile reservoirs and sources: animals, food, environment (C. Rodriguez Diaz, C. Seyboldt , M. Rupnik)
The ESCMIDStudy Group for Clostridium difficile: history, role and perspectives (J.E. Coia and E.J. Kuijper).

Contents:
Introduction to Myopia
Basic and Optical Science.- Epidemiology and Burden of Myopia.- Myopia in Children
Prevention of Progression.- Myopia in Adults
Optimizing Outcomes.- Imaging in Myopia
Clinical and Practical Considerations.- Complications of Pathological Myopia.- Future of Myopia Management.

Summary: This book by leading international experts provides an evidence-based approach to electrical stimulation of the upper airway, beginning with patient selection, implant techniques, trouble shootings, patient pathways, titrations during daytime and sleep as also new innovative techniques such as stimulation of the ansa cervicalis and the phrenic nerve. Key Features: Superbly illustrated schematic drawings and full-colored photographs; Step-by-step description of surgical concepts and techniques on all of the market available systems (Inspire, Nyxoah, LivaNova, Remede); Complete online media library with videos on the surgical procedures; New surgical steps presented for well established procedures (e.g. 2-incicions technique); Discussion of outcomes, success rates, risks, and potential troubleshootings, where evidenced-based data are not available, expert opinion is provided. Upper Airway Stimulation in Obstructive Sleep Apnea will be welcomed by residents, fellows, and board-certified surgeons in otorhinolaryngology and head and neck surgery.

Summary: This volume provides a concise overview of the most important and vital aspects of upper endoscopy. The text is specifically geared towards first-year GI fellows and novice endoscopists in order to help them rapidly assimilate the core concepts needed to perform upper endoscopy in the most important and most commonly encountered clinical situations. The book also covers the most important variations of normal anatomy and pathology and how to manage them. Key concepts covered include foreign body removal, diagnosis and management of upper GI bleeding, Barrett's Esophagus, evaluation and management of benign and malignant strictures of the esophagus, stomach, and duodenum, submucosal lesions, and evaluation of post operative upper GI anatomy. A plethora of high quality color illustrations and narrated online video clips illustrate major concepts in the book are also included. Written by experts in the field, Upper Endoscopy for GI Fellows is a valuable resource for new physicians just starting to perform upper endoscopy.

Contents:
How to Perform a High Yield Esophagogastroduodenoscopy
Nonvariceal Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding
Variceal Upper GI Bleeding
Foreign Body Removal
Diagnosis and Management of Barrett's Esophagus
Benign Strictures of the Esophagus, Stomach and Duodenum: Evaluation and Management
Malignant Strictures of the Esophagus, Stomach and Duodenum: Evaluation and Management
Endoscopic appearance after foregut surgery
Enteral Feeding Tubes: What every fellow should know
Complications of upper endoscopy and their management
Pediatric EGD
Evaluation and management of mucosal and submucosal lesions in the foregut
Enteroscopy for GI Fellows
Quality in Upper Endoscopy.

Summary: Upper Tract Urothelial Carcinoma represents the first book of its kind to be dedicated solely to UTUC. Its aim is to improve understanding and eventually care of a disease that is greatly understudied and underappreciated, yet commonly dealt with by many medical and urologic oncologists. The volume features new data regarding genetic susceptibility, gene expression studies and causative factors; contemporary concepts and controversies regarding diagnosis and staging of UTUC; prediction tools and their value in treatment decisions within each disease stage andpatient selection and treatment options such as endoscopic management, distal ureterectomy, radical nephroureterectomy and chemotherapy. Up-to-date information regarding boundaries of surgical resection, indication and extent of lymphadenectomy are covered as well as the role of perioperative/neoadjuvant chemotherapy in patients with high-risk UTUC. Upper Tract Urothelial Carcinoma will be of great value to all Urologists, Medical Oncologists, and fellows in Urologic Oncology as well as upper level residents in training in Urology and Medical Oncology.

Contents:
Epidemiology and risk factors for upper urinary urothelial cancers
Diagnosis and Evaluation of Upper Tract Urothelial Carcinoma (UTUC)
Upper Urinary Tract Urothelial Carcinoma Pathology
Prognostics factors, molecular markers and predictive tools in upper tract urothelial carcinoma
Conservative management of low-risk UTUC
Surgical Management of High-risk Upper Tract Urothelial Carcinoma
The Role of Lymphadenectomy in the Management of Urothelial Carcinoma of the Upper Urinary Tract
Chemotherapy.

Contents:
Upper tract urothelial carcinoma : ureteroscopic biopsy and specimen preparation / Demetrius H. Bagley, Ryuta Tanimoto, and Kelly A. Healy
Imaging of upper tract transitional cell carcinoma / Sarah L. Steenbergen and Gary Israel
Cytopathology and management of ureteroscopic biopsy samples / Shuye Ren and Marluce Bibbo
Ureteroscopic treatment of upper urinary tract urothelial malignancy / Michael Grasso III, Bobby S. Alexander, Lynn J. Paik, and Andrew I. Fishman
Surgical management of upper tract urothelial carcinoma- open, laparoscopic, and robotic approaches to nephroureterectomy and outcomes / Marc J. Mann, Costas D. Lallas, and Edouard J. Trabulsi
Surveillance after treatment for upper tract transitional cell carcinoma / Michael J. Conlin and Brian D. Duty
Topical chemotherapy / John Michael Henderson and Francis X. Keeley Jr.
Systemic chemotherapy for upper tract urothelial cancer / Jean Hoffman-Censits
Hereditary upper tract urothelial carcinoma : Lynch syndrome, hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer syndrome (HNPCC) / Scott G. Hubosky and Bruce M. Boman
Bladder tumors : association with upper tract neoplasms / Christopher B. Anderson, John E. Musser, John P. Sfakianos, and Harry W. Herr
Enhanced imaging : NBI, PDD, SPIES / Luca Villa, Jonathan Cloutier, and Olivier Traxer
Beyond endoscopy- ultrasound, optical coherence tomography and confocal laser endomicroscopy / Mieke T.J. Bus, Daniel Martin de Bruin, Guido M. Kamphuis, Theo M. de Reijke, and Jean J.M.C.H de la Rosette
Diagnostic and treatment algorithm of upper tract urothelial carcinoma / Andrew I. Fishman, Lynn J. Paik, and Michael Grasso III.

Summary: "This volume focuses on the transport of medically relevant bacterial protein toxins into mammalian cells, and on novel pharmacological strategies to inhibit toxin uptake. The first chapters review our current understanding of the cell-surface receptors and cellular transport processes of Clostridium botulinum neurotoxins, Clostridium botulinum C3 toxin, Clostridium difficile toxins, binary clostridial enterotoxins, anthrax toxins and diphtheria toxin. In brief, specific binding/transport (B) subunits deliver the enzyme (A) subunits into the cytosol, where the latter modify their substrates, producing cytotoxic effects and the characteristic toxin-associated diseases. Key mechanisms for the transport of the A subunits from endosomes into the cytosol and the role of trans-membrane pores formed by the B subunits and host cell chaperones for this process are reviewed. The book's closing chapters focus on compounds which inhibit the transport of the A subunits from endosomes into the cytosol and therefore might lead to novel therapeutic strategies for toxin-associated diseases. These substances include pharmacological inhibitors of the host cell chaperones involved, as well as multivalent and heterocyclic molecules that specifically block the toxins' translocation channels. This volume offers an up-to-date resource for scientists." -- Back cover.

Contents:
Two feet on the membrane: uptake of clostridial neurotoxins / Andreas Rummel
Uptake of clostridial neurotoxins into cells and dissemination / Chloé Connan and Michel R. Popoff
Receptors and binding structures for Clostridium difficile toxins A and B / Ralf Gerhard
Cell entry of C3 exoenzyme from Clostridium botulinum / Astrid Rohrbeck and Ingo Just
Receptor-binding and uptake of binary actin-ADP-ribosylating toxins / Panagiotis Papatheodorou and Klaus Aktories
Clostridial binary toxins: basic understandings that include cell surface binding and an internal "coup de grâce" / Bradley G. Stiles
Host cell chaperones Hsp70/Hsp90 and peptidyl-prolyl cis/trans isomerases are required for the membrane translocation of bacterial ADP-rebosylating toxins / Katharina Ernst, Leonie Schnell and Holger Barth
Multivalent inhibitors of channel-forming bacterial toxins / Goli Yamini and Ekaterina M. Nestorovich
Toxin transport by A-B type of toxins in eukaryotic target cells and its inhibition by positively charged heterocyclic molecules / Roland Benz and Holger Barth.

Summary: UpToDate is a web-based, clinical information resource, designed to provide concise, practical answers to clinical questions. The content is updated quarterly. Nearly 3,000 author physicians continually review the literature for material that is well supported by data and would be useful in a clinical setting. If a medical finding is deemed important, it is then added to the relevant topic review(s) after approval by an internal peer review and by the authors. The content is comprehensive, concise, and fully referenced.

Summary: UpToDate is a clinical information resource designed to provide concise answers to clinical questions. With this mobile app users can download the complete UpToDate content to their mobile devices for offline access. No network connection is required for regular use. Wifi is required for the initial download and new content updates. Updates occur automatically when users have active wifi access.

Summary: This book highlights various designs for urban green spaces and their functions. It provides an interesting meeting point between Asian, European and North America specialists (researchers, planners, landscape architects) studying urban biodiversity; urban biodiversity and green space; relations between people and biodiversity. The most important feature of this book is the unique point of view from each contributor towards "the relationship between nature and people in urban areas," in the context of the ecosystem and biodiversity in urban areas and how to manage them. All chapters explore and consider the relationship between humans and nature in cities, a subject which is taking on increasing importance as new cities are conceptualized and planned. These discussion and examples would be useful for urban ecology researchers, biologists, city planners, government staff working in city planning, architects, landscape architects, and university instructors. This book can also be used as a textbook for undergraduate and postgraduate city planning, architecture or landscape architecture courses.

Contents:
PART I. Landscape Design and Urban Biodiversity. Chapter 1 Approach For Ecological Landscape And Urban Biodiversity
Chapter 2 Diversity And Design On A Former Freight Rail-Yard
Chapter 3 Biodiversity In The Day To Day Practice Of The Landscape Architect
Chapter 4 Edible Landscapes: Relocalising Food And Bringing Nature Into North London
Chapter 5 Landscape Design For Nature Restoration And In Urban Areas In Japan -Planning Process Of Designing A River Bank Fishway And Surroundings-
PART II. Landscape Management for Biodiversity in Urban Area. Chapter 6 Nature In The Cities - Places For Play And Learning
Chapter 7 Greening School Grounds: Schools Role In A Biodiversity Process
Chapter 8 Nature Environment And Management For ChildrenS Play And Learning In Kindergarten In Urban Forest, Kyoto, Japan
Chapter 9 Ecological Evaluation Of Landscape Components Of The Tokushima Central Park Through Red-Clawed Crab (Chiromantes Haematocheir)
Chapter 10 Developing Urban Green Spaces And Effective Use Of Rooftop Spaces For Cooling And Urban Biodiversity
PART III. Towards Ecological Landscpe Ecology and Planning for Future Cities. Chapter 11 Addressing Climate Change And Biodiversity Loss From An Urban Perspective: Linking Climate Co-Benefits And Urban Ecosystem Services In Sao Paulo City, Brazil
Chapter 12 Evaluation Of Habitat Functions Of Fragmented Urban Forests For Wildlife ~ The Case Of Kitakyushu City
Chapter 13 The Effects And Functions Of Spatial And Structural Characteristics Of Shrine Forests As Urban Green Space
Chapter 14 Green Infrastructure As A Planning Response To Urban Warming A Case Study Of Taipei Metropolis
Chapter 15 Green Infrastructure Planning For Asian Cities: The Planning Strategies, Guidelines, And Recommendations.

Summary: The lives of urban Chinese daughters have changed. Education and employment have propelled them from dependency to self-sufficiency, resulting in new attitudes and lifestyles. However, traditional filial obligation has remained. This book asks why it continues and how it is currently discharged, focusing on the emotion work daughters do to sustain the parent relationship, deal with conflict and maintain their self-esteem. Based on interviews with women living in Hong Kong, Singapore and mainland China, the book further explores whether the structural or relational motivations underpinning support and care may be less important than the standards daughters impose on themselves; why care may be discontinued or not undertaken in the first place; why care provided to parents may be different from in-laws, and the importance of domestic helpers to the modern caregiving paradigm. To undertake this exploration, a typology of support and care was created, allowing for the first time to distinguish between what daughters do for healthy parents and in-laws versus parents who require temporary or full time care, specifically addressing how providing support and care affects the daughters' well-being.

Contents:
1. Introduction
2. Framing the Issues through Historical Context
3. Core Perspectives and Theoretical Framework: Underpinning Chinese Daughters' Support and Care of Elderly Parents
4. The Typology of Support and Care
5. Support of Ageing Parents
6. Temporary Care of Ageing Parents
7. Caregiving of Ageing Parents
8. Outsourced Care
9. Discussion and Conclusion.

Summary: This book emphasizes the necessity of green spaces and landscape planning to achieve a liveable city. It will more specifically enquire on how to reach a better liveability from the current conditions of Lima. This book takes on the one hand classic concepts from urban agronomy as are soil, water and plants, and on the other hand emphasizes the resources, the plant adaptations and the urban ecosystems, according to the context of Lima. Comparisons are also made to landscape concepts from other cities of the word, contemporary methods of urban landscape research are explained in perspectives of agronomy and ecology. The ecological restoration of some natural spaces of Lima are proposed and related to the food security which impacts on the sustainability of the city. Finally, it describes representative Parks of Lima and previous research projects that have allowed to improve the urban landscape. Considering the city's cultural diversity, comparisons to the mountain and rainforest areas are also made.

Contents:
Introduction: Definition of sustainable city and public spaces
Landscape study and methodology
Botanic for landscapists
Peruvian gardens
Park typology and legislation
Environmental problems
Urban ecology
Ecological Restoration.

Summary: Global urbanization promises better services, stronger economies, and more connections; it also carries risks and unforeseeable consequences. To deepen our understanding of this complex process and its importance for global sustainability, we need to build interdisciplinary knowledge around a systems approach. Urban Planet takes an integrative look at our urban environment, bringing together scholars from a diverse range of disciplines: from sociology and political science to evolutionary biology, geography, economics and engineering. It includes the perspectives of often neglected voices: architects, journalists, artists and activists. The book provides a much needed cross-scale perspective, connecting challenges and solutions on a local scale with drivers and policy frameworks on a regional and global scale. The authors argue that to overcome the major challenges we are facing, we must embark on a large-scale reinvention of how we live together, grounded in inclusiveness and sustainability.

Summary: "Raptors are an unusual success story of wildness thriving in the heart of our cities--they have developed substantial populations around the world in recent decades. But there are deeper issues around how these birds make their urban homes. New research provides insight into the role of raptors as vital members of the urban ecosystem and future opportunities for protection, management, and environmental education"--Amazon.com.

Contents:
PART I. Raptors in Urban Ecosystems. Urban birds of prey: a lengthy history of human-raptor cohabitation / Keith L. Bildstein and Jean-François Therrien
City lifestyles: behavioral ecology of urban raptors / Cheryl R. Dykstra
Urban raptor communities: why some raptors and not others occupy urban environments / Clint W. Boal
Demography of raptor populations in urban environments / R. William Mannan and Robert J. Steidl
Urbanization and raptors: trends and research approaches / Raylene Cooke, Fiona Hogan, Bronwyn Isaac, Marian Weaving, and John G. White ; PART II. Urban Raptors. Mississippi kites: elegance aloft / Ben R. Skipper
Cooper's hawks: the bold backyard hunters / Robert N. Rosenfield, R. William Mannan, and Brian A. Millsap
Red-Shouldered hawks: adaptable denizens of the suburbs / Cheryl R. Dykstra, Peter H. Bloom, and Michael D. McCrary
Harris's hawks: all in the family / Clint W. Boal and James F. Dwyer
Barred owls: a nocturnal generalist thrives in wooded, suburban habitats / Richard O. Bierregaard
Powerful owls: possum assassins move into town / Raylene Cooke, Fiona Hogan, Bronwyn Isaac, Marian Weaving, and John G. White
Burrowing owls: happy urbanite or disgruntled tenant? / Courtney J. Conway
Peregrine falcons: the neighbors upstairs / Joel E. Pagel, Clifford M. Anderson, Douglas A. Bell, Edward Deal, Lloyd Kiff, F. Arthur McMorris, Patrick T. Redig, and Robert Sallinger ; PART III. Conservation and Management. Raptor mortality in urban landscapes / James F. Dwyer, Sofi Hindmarch, and Gail E. Kratz
Human-Raptor conflicts in urban settings / Brian E. Washburn
Raptors as victims and ambassadors: raptor rehabilitation, education, and outreach / Lori R. Arent, Michelle Willette, and Gail Buhl
Urban raptor case studies: lessons from Texas / John M. Davis
Management and conservation of urban raptors / David M. Bird, Robert N. Rosenfield, Greg Septon, Marcel A. Gahbauer, John H. Barclay, and Jeffrey L. Lincer
Perspectives and future directions / Stephen DeStefano and Clint W. Boal.

Summary: This book describes the latest research on the gut-kidney axis of ureic solutes; the toxico-pathological mechanisms of uremic toxin-induced organ failure, including kidney and cardiovascular tissue; and the preventive therapeutic strategies for uremia and related organ failure associated with kidney injuries and diseases. Retained uremic toxins cause a variety of symptoms, such as hypertension, fatigue, renal anemia, osteoporosis and neurologic impairment, which are apparent in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. The human gastrointestinal tract contains trillions of microorganisms, referred to as gut microbiota, which support the host metabolism by producing nutrients, such as vitamins and short-chain fatty acids. However, they also produce various harmful uremic toxins that show renal and cardiovascular toxicity, and correlate with an increased mortality in CKD patients. The composition and balance of gut microbiota are associated with the accumulation of uremic toxins and the pathophysiology of CKD, and as such are being considered for a novel therapeutic strategy.

Contents:
1 Overview of Uremic Toxins
2 Review: Uremic toxins and gut microbiome
3 Gut microbiota and systemic uremic solute accumulation
4 Uremic toxin-related systemic disorders
5 Uremic Toxins and cardiovascular disease
6 Indoxyl sulfate and arteriosclerosis
7 Uremic Toxicity and Bone in CKD
8 D-serine as a novel uremic toxin
9 Uremic solutes and sarcopenia
10 Toxico-pathological role of hepatic sulfotransferase (SULT) 1A1 in acute kidney injuries
11 Accumulation of uremic toxins in systemic organs and the effect of AST-120.

Summary: This pictorial book focuses on ureter for gynaecologists. It is written by a multidisciplinary team of experts who share its experience on the study of the ureter in women, with specific attention to the injuries occurring during gynaecological surgery. Supported by a rich iconography, the authors evaluate the causes of injuries of the ureter, discuss their prevention, precise the diagnosis with the support of urological radiology. The urological management of the injury and its consequences are described in the last chapter, with many photos of laparoscopy included. This book is intended for gynaecologists, for all the surgeons specialized in the female pelvis, urologists, oncologists, general surgeons. It is also especially written for fellows, residents, and interns in University Hospitals with a limited experience of surgery of the pelvis.

Contents:
Part I Anatomy of the ureter
Classical anatomy
Generalities on the ureter
Anatomical aspects of the ureter in laparoscopy
Part II Lesions of the ureter in surgical gynecology
Traumatic lesions of the ureter
Causes of traumatic lesions of the ureter
Part III Prevention, diagnosis and treatment of traumatic lesions of the ureter
Prevention of traumatic lesions of the ureter during gynaecological surgery
What to do during the operation in the event of a suspicion of ureteral lesion
What to do after surgery in case of suspected ureteral lesion
Treatment of the ureteral lesion
Ureteral endometriosis
Take Home Messages.

Summary: Providing a complete updated roadmap to treating ureteral stones, Ureteral Stone Management: A Practical Approach presents newer topics focusing of the recent improvements in instrumentation and adjunctive equipments, managing radiation to both patient and urologist, as well as reviews of the most recent studies on urologic practices. Ureteral Stone Management: A Practical Approach assists the reader in a logical and step wise pathway for selecting the best treatment options and how to work through complications. This evidence-based text is valuable to all those working in the field of urology.

Contents:
1. History of Ureteral Stone Management
2. Radiology Imaging for Ureteral Stones
3. Radiation Exposure to the Patient and Urologist
4. Selecting the Appropriate Treatment Modality for Ureteral Calculi
5. Observation and Medical Expulsive Therapy.- 6. Shock Wave Lithotripsy for the Treatment of Ureteral Stones.- 7. Semirigid Ureteroscopy
8. Flexible Ureteroscopy
9. Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy and Antegrade
10. Ureteral Stents
11. Adjunctive Equipment for Ureteral Stone Management
12. Tips and Tricks in the Treatment of Ureteral Stones
13. Difficult Case: The Impacted Ureteral Stone
14. Difficult Case: Ureteral Stricture Distal to a Stone.- 15. Complications in the Treatment of Ureteral Stones- Prevention and Management
16. Future Directions.

Contents:
Anatomy of the Human Ureter / Ravi Kulkarni
Anatomic Variations of the Ureter / Piruz Motamedinia, David A Leavitt, Philip T Zhao, Zeph Okeke, Arthur D Smith
The Pathophysiology of Upper Tract Obstruction / Alexander P Jay, David L Nicol
Physiology of the Human Ureter / Robin Cole
Etiology of Ureteric Obstruction / Philip T Zhao, David A Leavitt, Piruz Motamedinia, Zeph Okeke, Arthur D Smith
The Role of the Interventional Radiologist in Managing Ureteric Obstruction / Stephen Perrio, Alex Chapman
Emergency Management of Ureteric Obstruction / Steeve Doizi, Margaret S Pearle
The History and Evolution of Ureteral Stents / Husain Alenezi, John D Denstedt
Ureteral Stent Materials / Andrew M Todd, Bodo E Knudsen
Physical Characteristics of Stents / Chad M Gridley, Bodo E Knudsen
Coated and Drug-Eluting Stents / Thomas O Tailly, John D Denstedt
Coated and Drug-Eluting Ureteric Stents / Panagiotis Kallidonis, Wissam Kamal, Vasilis Panagopoulos, Evangelos Liatsikos
Ureteric Stents / Ravindra Sabnis
Ethical Issues in Ureteric Stenting / Ravi Kulkarni
Equipment and Technical Considerations During Ureteric Stenting / Jonathan Cloutier, Olivier Traxer
Extra-Anatomic Stent Urinary Bypass / Stuart Nigel Lloyd
Detour Extra-Anatomical Ureteric Stent / Graham Watson
Tandem Ureteral Stents / David A Leavitt, Piruz Motamedinia, Philip T Zhao, Zeph Okeke, Arthur D Smith
Biodegradable Ureteric Stents / David I Harriman, Ben H Chew
Metallic Ureteric Stents / Ravi Kulkarni
Removal of Ureteric Stents / Ravi Kulkarni
Encrustation of Indwelling Urinary Devices / Justin Chan, Dirk Lange
Stent Migration / Ravi Kulkarni
Health-Related Quality of Life and Ureteric Stents / Aditya Raja, Hrishi B Joshi
Evidence Base for Stenting / Rami Elias, Edward D Matsumoto
Robotic Ureteric Reconstruction / Helena Gresty, Navroop Johal, Pardeep Kumar
Indwelling Ureteric Stents
Health Economics Considerations / Dominic A Teichmann, Hrishi B Joshi
Ureteric Stents / Ravi Kulkarni.

Contents:
1. Introduction to clinical dermatology
2. Diagnostic techniques
3. Morbilliform eruptions
4. Diffuse or reticulated erythema
5. Urticarial and indurated eruptions
6. Papular eruptions: no scale
7. Scaly papular lesions
8. Plaques with scale
9. Scaly disorders
10. Dermatitis (eczematoid reactions)
11. Blisters and vesicles
12. Pustular eruptions, nonfollicular
13. Abcesses
14. Necrotic and ulcerative skin disorders
15. Subcutaneous diseases
16. Annular and targetoid lesions
17. Linear and serpiginous lesions
18. Sporotrichoid disorders
19. Photosensitive disorders
20. Purpuric and hemorrhagic disorders
21. Sclerosing and fibrosing disorders
22. Atrophic disorders
23. Follicular disorders
24. Alopecia
25. Nail disorders
26. Infestations, stings, and bites
27. Discolorations of the skin
28. Papillomatous and verrucous lesions
29. Tumors with scale
30. Papular and nodular growths without scale
31. Pigmented lesions
32. Vascular tumors
33. Yellow lesions
34. Cysts and sinuses
35. Subcutaneous lumps
36. Cutaneous diseases of travelers
37. Topical treatment pearls
Additional Conditions.

Summary: "For more than 30 years, the highly regarded Secrets Series® has provided students and practitioners in all areas of health care with concise, focused, and engaging resources for quick reference and exam review. Urgent Care Medicine Secrets, 2nd Edition, offers practical, up-to-date coverage of the full range of essential topics in this dynamic field. This highly regarded resource features the Secrets’ popular question-and-answer format that also includes lists, tables, pearls, memory aids, and an easy-to-read style – making inquiry, reference, and review quick, easy, and enjoyable"-- publisher's description.

Contents:
Section I. Adult urgent care medicine
Section II. Pediatric urgent care medicine
Section III. Sports-related complaints
Section IV. Procedures
Section V. Miscellaneous
Index.

Contents:
Renal handling of uric acid / Andrade Sierra, J., Flores Fonseca, M.M.
Renal effects of hyperuricemia / Méndez Landa, C.E.
The pathophysiology of uric acid on renal diseases / Sánchez-Lozada, L.G.
Uric acid : the unknown uremic toxin / Treviño-Becerra, A.
The association between serum uric acid and renal damage : the Takahata study : new insights / Konta, T., Kamei, K., Ichikawa, K., Kayama, T., Kubota, I.
Significance of hyperuricemia among community-based screening participants / Iseki, K.
Hyperuricemia and progression of chronic kidney disease : role of phenotype transition of renal tubular and endothelial cells / Kang, D.-H.
Time to target uric acid to retard chronic kidney disease progression / Uchida, S., Kumagai, T., Chang, W.X., Tamura, Y., Shigeru, S.
Uric acid : the lower the better? / Bellomo, G., Selvi, A.
Gout : a disease of kings / Tang, S.C.W.
Systemic implications of hyperuricemia / Tamayo y Orozco, J.A.
Uric acid as a cause of the metabolic syndrome / King, C., Lanaspa, M.A., Jensen, T., Tolan, D.R., Sánchez-Lozada, L.G., Johnson, R.J.
Uric acid and diabetic nephropathy risk / Mauer, M., Doria, A.
Uric acid in pregnancy : new concepts / Moreno Santillan, A.A., Briones Garduño, J.C., Diaz de Leon, M.A.
Uric acid renal lithiasis : new concepts / Pazos Pérez, F.
Clinical significance of serum uric acid levels in Mexican young adults / Alegría-Díaz, A., Valdez-Ortiz, R., Murguía-Romero, M., Jiménez-Flores, R., Villalobos-Molina, R., Mummidi, S., Duggirala, R., López-Alvarenga, J.C., Pérez-Navarro, M.
Treatment of hyperuricemia in chronic kidney diseases and outcomes / Ramirez-Sandoval, J.C., Madero, M.

Summary: This book focuses on bladder cancer pathology, including primary bladder malignancies and other tumor varieties, with an emphasis on diagnostic pitfalls and clinical relevance. It also describes normal bladder histology, benign abnormalities with cancer mimickers, and cancer carcinogenesis, which are important subject matter for understanding bladder cancers, correct diagnosis, and differential diagnoses. Accurate diagnosis of bladder cancer plays a central role in daily pathology practice, clinical management, and prognosis. Advances in immunohistochemistry and molecular pathology have enhanced the accuracy of cancer pathology diagnoses. In addition to covering the anatomic and histologic features of bladder tumors, this book also reviews recent molecular and immunohistochemical advances in these areas. Recently updated clinical management information is also presented in this book. Written by experts in the field, Urinary Bladder Pathology serves as a useful resource for practicing pathologists, pathology trainees, and other health professionals who treat patients with bladder cancers.

Contents:
Introduction to urinary bladder pathology
Normal anatomy and histology of the urinary bladder with pathologic correlates
Flat urothelial lesion
Papillary and inverted tumors
Invasive urothelial carcinoma with molecular types
Morphological variants of invasive urothelial carcinoma
Other types of carcinoma
Mesenchymal tumors
Neuroendocrine tumors of the urinary bladder
Bladder lymphoma and leukemia
Secondary tumors in the bladder
Urine cytology
Diagnostic values of immunihistochemistry in bladder cancer
Molecular pathology
Surgical treatment in urinary bladder cancer
Medical treatment with targeted therapy for metastatic urothelial bladder carcinoma
Bladder cancer: specimen handling and reporting
AJCC staging of bladder cancers
Conclusion and Remarks.

Contents:
Anatomic Foundations and Pathophysiology of Urinary Continence
Preoperative Assessment and Intervention:Optimizing Outcomes for Early Return of Urinary Continence
Preoperative Assessment and Intervetion: Optimizing Outcomes for Early Return of Erectile Function
Pathophysiology of Nerve Injury and Its Effect on Return of Erectile Function
Technical Innovations to Optimize Early Return of Urinary Continence
Technical Innovations to Optimize Early Return of Erectile Function
Oncologic Outcomes of Robotic Radical Prostatectomy: The "Balancing Act" of Achieving Cancer Control and Minimizing Collateral Damage
Adjunctive Measures to Optimize Early Return of Urinary Continence
Adjunctive Measures and New Therapies to Optimize Early Return of Erectile Function.

Contents:
1. Introduction: urinary function alterations in men with prostate cancer
2. Post-prostatectomy incontinence initial evaluation
3. Urinary incontinence: conservative and medical management and injectable therapy
4. Urinary dysfunction in prostate cancer: male slings
5. Artificial urinary sphincter: patient selection and surgical technique
6. Troubleshooting and optimizing outcomes after artificial urinary sphincter
7. Management of vesicourethral anastomotic stricture
8. Rectourethral fistula
9. Reoperative anti-incontinence surgery
10. Post-RT urinary incontinence and stricture
11. A case-based illustration of urinary symptoms following radiation therapy for prostate cancer
Index.

Summary: Although the condition of fistula is universal, this new book addresses not only obstetric fistulas that have been the most studied, but also those that affect men and those related to specific situations such as kidney transplantation. We also make the first formal publication on fistulas present in transgender patients, which have never been studied before. The book is organized in an accessible way and with collaboration of leaders in the field who contribute their knowledge and fully updated experience.

Contents:
General considerations
Treatment decision
Pyeloenteric fistula
Nephropleural fistula
Ureterocolonic fistula
Colovesical and small bowel fistulas
Vesicocutaneous fistula
Fistula after kidney transplantation
Urovascular fistula and pseudoaneurysm
Vesicovaginal fistula: open approach
Vesicovaginal fistula: minimally invasive surgery (MIS) approaches
Vesicouterine fistula
Ureterovaginal fistula
Urethrovaginal fistula
Rectovaginal fistula
Obstetric fistula
Rectovesical fistula
Rectourethral fistula: perineal, transanal and posterior approaches
Transanal, Transperineal, and Combined
Abdominoperineal Approaches (Turnbull-Cutait) to Repair of Rectourethral Fistula
Robotic Approach for Rectourethral Fistula
Urethropubic, urethrocutaneous and urethroperineal fistulas
Neovagina Fistulas
Neopenis fistula
Complications of Vaginal Fistula Repair.

Contents:
1. Anatomy and physiology of the urinary tract: relation to host defense and microbial infection
2. Clinical presentations and epidemiology of urinary tract infections
3. Diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of urinary tract infection
4. Urinary tract infections in infants and children
5. The vaginal microbiota and urinary tract infection
6. Asymptomatic bacteriuria and bacterial interference
7. Bacterial prostatitis: bacterial virulence, clinical outcomes, and new directions
8. Urosepsis: overview of the diagnostic and treatment challenges
9. Reservoirs of extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli
10. Origin and dissemination of antimicrobial resistance among uropathogenic Escherichia coli
11. Population phylogenomics of extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli
12. Virulence and fitness determinants of uropathogenic Escherichia coli
13. Uropathogenic Escherichia coli-associated exotoxins
14. Structure, function, and assembly of adhesive organelles by uropathogenic bacteria
15. Pathoadaptive mutations in uropathogenic Escherichia coli
16. Invasion of host cells and tissues by uropathogenic bacteria
17. Proteus mirabilis and urinary tract infections
18. Epidemiology and virulence of Klebsiella pneumoniae
19. Gram-positive uropathogens, polymicrobial urinary tract infection, and the emerging microbiota of the urinary tract
20. Integrated pathophysiolog of pyelonephritis
21. Susceptibility to urinary tract infection: benefits and hazards of the antibacterial host response
22. Innate immune responses to bladder infection
23. Host responses to urinary tract infections and emerging therapeutics: sensation and pain within the urinary tract
24. Drug vaccine development for the treatment and prevention of urinary tract infections
Index.

Summary: This book demonstrates the potential of urine as a biomarker resource for early disease detection, covering the related theory, strategies, tools and findings. Biomarkers are measurable changes associated with diseases. Blood, as a critical part of its internal environment, is closely monitored and controlled by the body to maintain homeostasis, especially in the early stages of diseases. In contrast, urine, as a form of waste excreted by the body, collects a variety of substance changes. Accordingly, urine can offer an ideal resource for early biomarker discovery. In addition, urine is more stable than blood in vitro, and is easy to store and analyze. The book discusses exciting preliminary applications of urine biomarkers for diseases affecting major biological systems. Its main goal is to make scientists, clinicians and medical companies aware of this important, exciting, undeveloped, and profitable field.

Contents:
Intro; Contents; Part I: Theory, Strategy and Tools;
Chapter 1: Urine Is Not a Human Waste but a Medical Treasure; References;
Chapter 2: Human Urine Proteome: A Powerful Source for Clinical Research; 2.1 Introduction; 2.2 Collection and Storage; 2.2.1 The Types of Urine; 2.2.2 Protease Inhibitor; 2.2.3 Preservatives; 2.2.4 Storage Temperature; 2.2.5 Freeze-Thaw Cycle; 2.2.6 pH; 2.2.7 Standard Protocol for Urine Collection; 2.3 Urine Preserved on Membrane; 2.4 Urine Preparation; 2.4.1 Organic Solvent Precipitation; 2.4.2 Ultracentrifugation; 2.4.3 Dialysis; 2.4.4 Ultrafiltration 2.5 Normal Human Urinary Proteomes Analysis2.5.1 2-DE Approach; 2.5.2 LC-MS; 2.5.3 High-Resolution MS Analysis; 2.6 Conclusion and Outlook; References;
Chapter 3: Comparison of Urinary Proteomes Among Three Animal Models; 3.1 Introduction; 3.2 Results and Analysis; 3.3 Research Prospects; References;
Chapter 4: Urimem, a Membrane that Stores Urinary Components for Large-Scale Biomarker Study; 4.1 Introduction; 4.2 Materials and Instruments; 4.3 Method; 4.3.1 Urinary Protein's Preservation Method by Urimem; 4.3.1.1 Urinary Protein's Preservation on the NC Membrane 4.3.1.2 Elution of the Urinary Proteins from the NC Membrane4.3.2 Urinary microRNA Preservation Method by Urimem; 4.3.2.1 Urinary Nucleic Acid Preservation on the Nylon Membrane; 4.3.2.2 Elution of the Urinary Nucleic Acids from the Nylon Membrane; 4.4 Technical Roadmap; 4.5 Discussion; References;
Chapter 5: Posttranslation Modifications of Human Urine; 5.1 Introduction; 5.2 Glycosylation; 5.3 Phosphorylation; 5.4 Acetylation; 5.5 Conclusions and Future Prospects; References;
Chapter 6: Application of Peptide Level and Posttranslational Modifications to Integrative Analyses in Proteomics 6.1 Introduction6.2 Changes in the Urinary Proteome in a PDX Model at Peptide Level; 6.3 Two Leukemia Cell Lines' Proteomic Analysis; 6.4 Open Search in Proteomics Analysis; 6.5 Conclusions and Outlook; References;
Chapter 7: Urinary Protein Biomarker Database 2.0: A Literature-Curated Database for Protein Biomarkers in Urine; 7.1 The Importance of Urinary Biomarker and Biomarker Database; 7.2 Urinary Protein Biomarker Database 2.0; 7.2.1 Biomarker Descriptions in UPBD 2.0; 7.2.2 Standardization of Database Content; 7.2.3 The UPBD 2.0 Website; 7.3 Perspectives; References Part II: Urinary Biomarkers of Diseases
Chapter 8: Urine Glucose Levels Are Disordered Before Blood Glucose Level Increase Was Observed in Zucker Diabetic Fatty Rats; 8.1 Introduction; 8.2 Materials and Methods; 8.2.1 Animal Experiments; 8.2.2 Experimental Design; 8.3 Results; 8.3.1 Metabolic Parameters; 8.3.2 Glucose Changes; 8.4 Discussion; References;
Chapter 9: Cancer Biomarker Discovery in Urine of Walker 256 Tumor-Bearing Models; 9.1 Introduction; 9.2 Changes of Urine Proteome in W256 Subcutaneous Tumor Model; 9.3 Changes of Urine Proteome in Other Tumor-Bearing Models

Summary: This book systematically summarizes the ideas and technologies used in urine proteome analysis. It argues that change is the core of biomarker definition since the body uses its homeostatic mechanisms to correct changes in the blood. This means that urine is probably a better source of biomarkers than blood. A roadmap to the urinary biomarker era is proposed, and researchers are reminded of the potential opportunities and risks in their study design. Kidney diseases are emphasized as they produce the most significant changes in urine. This book tries to show researchers and graduate students, who are in or entering the field, "all things considered" rather than "the current affair".

Contents:
Urine is a better biomarker source than blood especially for kidney diseases
Urine reflection of changes in blood
Urimem facilitates kidney disease biomarker research
Human Urine proteome: a powerful source for clinical research
Exosomes in urine biomarker discovery
Urinary proteins with post-translational modifications
Applications of peptide retention time in proteomic data analysis
Urine Sample Preparation in 96-Well Filter Plates to characterize inflammatory and infectious diseases of the Urinary Tract
Variations of human urinary proteome
Evolution of the urinary proteome during human renal development and maturation
Hormone-dependent changes in female urinary proteome
Effects of exercise on the urinary proteome
Effects of Diuretics on Urinary Proteins
Applications of urinary proteomics in renal disease research using animal models
The application of urinary proteomics for the detection of biomarkers of kidney diseases
Dynamic changes of urinary proteins in focal segmental glomerulosclerosis model
Using isolated rat kidney to discover kidney origin biomarkers in urine
Comparing plasma and urinary proteomes to understand kidney function
Urinary Protein Biomarker Database: A Useful Tool for Biomarker Discovery.

Summary: This book is comprehensive resource and up-to-date description of all urinary sediment constituents which are presented in bright-field mode and in phase-contrast mode. Thanks to numerous detailed images of urinary sediment constituents, the reader is able to easily compare what they view microscopically with high-resolution photographs and short films. The book is also designed to aid the identification of rare urine constituents in their native state without prior staining. It also features guidance to microscope setup, microscopy techniques, preanalytics. Exercises focused on microscopic analysis and diagnosis and a urinary sediment quiz reinforce key concepts to aid learning. Urine Sediment provides a practically applicable guide to the recognition of urinary sediment constituents. It is therefore a critical resource for trainees and experienced practitioners in urology, nephrology, gynecology and general practice who need to be able to accurately and quickly identify urine sediment constituents.

Contents:
Intro
Foreword
Preface
Acknowledgments
Contents
Abbreviations
About the Author
Part I
1: The Microscope
1.1 Structure of the Microscope
1.2 Cleaning and Maintaining the Microscope
1.3 Servicing the Microscope
1.4 Light Bulb Replacement
2: Setting-Up Köhler Illumination
2.1 Setting-Up Köhler Illumination or Aligning the Microscope
2.2 Quick Guide to Setting-Up Köhler Illumination
Reference
3: Phase-Contrast Microscopy
3.1 Application
3.2 What Is Required for Changeover?
3.3 The Light Pathway of Phase-Contrast Microscopy 3.4 Phase-Contrast Microscopy Equipment
3.4.1 PhaCo Objective
3.4.2 PhaCo Condensers
3.5 Centering the Phase Rings
4: Macroscopic Urinalysis
4.1 Color
4.1.1 Some Examples
4.2 Odor
4.2.1 Some Examples
4.3 Cloudiness
4.3.1 Some Examples
5: Microscopic Urinalysis
5.1 Urine Sediment Preparation
5.1.1 Performance
5.2 Error Checklist and Tips for Urine Sediment Preparation
5.3 Discussion: Types of Centrifuge (Fig. 5.2)
5.4 Centrifuge Nomogram
5.5 Preparing the Native Sample
5.5.1 Materials (Fig. 5.4)
5.5.2 Performance 5.6 Switching the Microscope Between Bright-Field and Phase-Contrast
5.6.1 Switching the Microscope from Bright-Field to Phase-Contrast Microscopy
5.6.2 Switching the Microscope from Phase-Contrast to Bright-Field Microscopy
5.7 Specimen-Specific Adjustment of the Microscope
5.8 Semi-quantitative Analysis/Units
5.9 Discussion: Field Number and Normal Values
6: Anatomy of the Kidneys and Urinary Tract System
7: Description of Urinary Sediment Constituents
7.1 Erythrocytes
7.1.1 Hematuria (Increased Excretion of Erythrocytes in Urine) 7.1.2 Eumorphic Erythrocytes-NR: 0-1/HPF
7.1.2.1 Biconcave, Disc-Shaped Erythrocytes (pH = 6)
7.1.2.2 Thorn Apple-Shaped Erythrocytes (pH 6)
7.1.3 Dysmorphic Erythrocytes
7.1.4 Acanthocytes-NR: <5%
7.2 Leukocytes
7.2.1 Leukocytes-NR: 1-4/HPF
7.2.2 Special Forms of Leukocytes
7.2.2.1 Sternheimer-Malbin Cells or Bright Cells
7.2.3 Histiocytes (Macrophages)-NR: None
7.3 Epithelial Cells
7.3.1 Squamous Epithelial Cells-NR: 0-15/HPF
7.3.2 Transitional Epithelial Cells or Urothelial Cells-NR: 0-1/HPF 7.3.3 Deep Urothelial Cells-NR: None
7.3.4 Renal or Tubular Epithelial Cells-NR: None
7.3.5 Oval Fat Bodies-NR: None
7.3.6 Virus-Infected Cells
7.3.6.1 Example: Decoy Cells-NR: None
7.3.7 Discussion: Cell Description
7.3.7.1 Criteria
7.3.8 Discussion: Morphological Criteria of Old Cells and Epithelial Cells
7.4 Casts
7.4.1 Hyaline Casts-NR: Isolated
7.4.2 Granular Casts-NR: None
7.4.3 Waxy Casts-NR: None
7.4.4 Renal Epithelial Casts-NR: None
7.4.5 Erythrocyte Casts-NR: None
7.4.6 Leukocyte Casts-NR: None

Summary: Urine tests are used by a variety of primary care providers and specialists in order to diagnose, monitor and treat patients with various medical conditions. This first-of-its-kind text is a comprehensive clinical guide to the evaluation and application of urine tests. Clinical cases are used to highlight important aspects of urine testing. Further evaluation and management are then discussed based on the results of the urine tests. Topics covered include financial considerations, regulations, proper collection, testing methods, dipstick analysis, microscopy as well as cancer and drug screening tests, among others. Each chapter contains specific objectives for focus of study. Pertinent images, algorithms and board style review questions for important topics are also included. Written by nephrologists, urologists, other specialists and primary care physicians, Urine Tests uses a comprehensive approach to the clinical use of both common and uncommon urine testing. Primarily appealing to practicing primary care physicians, this book is also a useful resource for specialists, nurse practitioners, physician assistants, physician fellows, residents and medical students alike.

Contents:
Intro
Preface
Abbreviations
Contents
Editor Bios
Contributors
Chapter 1: Urine: The Golden Elixir of Life
Overview
Urine Production
Urine Refinement
Urine Elimination
Summary
References
Chapter 2: Follow the Money: Costs, Reimbursement and Regulations of Urine Based Testing
Overview
Costs
Reimbursement
Regulations
Additional Considerations
Future Directions
Summary
References
Chapter 3: Going with the Flow: Proper Urine Testing Methods for Clinical Practice
Overview
Case 1: Urine Specimen Collection Methods of Urine Collection
Random (Routine) Specimen
First Morning Specimen
Timed Collection
Midstream "Clean-Catch" Specimen
Catheterized Specimen
Suprapubic Aspirate
Ordering of Urine Tests
Case 2: Urine Dipstick Versus Urine Microscopy
Methods of Urine Testing
Methods for Chemical Screening
Methods for Examination of Urine Sediment (Microscopy)
Automated Urinalysis
Case 3: Special Urine Testing
Pregnancy and Ovulation Testing
Urinary Calculi
Cytopathologic Examination
Summary
References Chapter 4: Urine Dipstick: Blood
The Spectrum of Red
Overview
The Urine Dipstick Test for Blood
Sensitivity/Specificity
When Is it Appropriate to Check Urine for Blood?
Case 1: Positive Dipstick for Blood, Negative Microscopy for Red Blood Cells
Case 2: Positive Dipstick for Blood, Positive Microscopy for Normal Shaped Red Blood Cells
Case 3: Positive Dipstick for Blood, Positive Microscopy for Dysmorphic RBCs
Summary
References
Chapter 5: Urine Dipstick: Proteinuria - Causes, Consequences and Diagnostic Approach
Overview The Pathophysiology and Significance of Proteinuria
Case 1: Dipstick Positive Proteinuria in a Healthy/Low Risk Patient
The Dipstick Analysis
Urine Protein Quantification
Urine Albumin to Creatinine Ratio
Transient Causes of Proteinuria
Proteinuria Indicative of Intrinsic Kidney Disease: Nephrotic versus Nephritic Proteinuria
Case 2: Nephrotic Proteinuria
Nephrotic Syndrome
Case 3: Nephritic Proteinuria
Nephritic Syndrome
When Is a Kidney Biopsy Indicated?
Case 4: Proteinuria Screening Indications
Patients Requiring Routine Screening for Proteinuria Treatment of Proteinuria
Summary
References
Chapter 6: Urine Dipstick: Urinary Nitrites and Leukocyte Esterase - Dipping into Murky Waters
Overview
Interpretation: Clinical Context
Case 1: Asymptomatic Bacteriuria
Case 2: Use of Urine Nitrites in Clinical Diagnosis
Case 3: Use of Urine Leukocyte Esterase in Clinical Diagnosis
Additional Approaches to Interpreting Urine Dipsticks
Summary
References
Chapter 7: Urine Dipstick: An Approach to Glucosuria, Ketonuria, pH, Specific Gravity, Bilirubin and Urobilinogen - Undeniable Chemistry
Overview

Summary: This book provides a unique insight and background of a uro-oncology nurse's career from a personal and professional perspective, one that encapsulates the ever changing dynamics in the nursing profession over 40 years - 1970-to current, 2022. In writing this book, the objective is to devise a beneficial point of reference, one that is conducive to enlightening individuals within the healthcare profession and the wider context, on the art of reflection and acknowledging its benefits in terms of exploring their feelings and understanding their meaning. Reflection is a highly beneficial tool. In this context, the process enables the author to reflect constructively on her nursing career and practice, to highlight the positive as well as the negative aspects within that practice, and illustrate how the experiences gained have contributed to her development, personally and professionally, throughout that journey. Reflection includes deliberate reflection on experience, emotions, actions and responses and acknowledging how essential these have been to informing the author's existing knowledge base and in ensuring a higher level of learning and understanding. In the continued quest to deliver optimal healthcare, the objective of reflection is in enabling healthcare individuals e.g. nursing students, newly qualified nurses or those considering change of nursing speciality, to better understand their patients from a holistic standpoint (physical, psychological, psycho-social, spiritual, cultural and economic) and ultimately, improving the individual patient'soverall experience--cancer or otherwise, as well as improving and enhancing practice outcomes. The importance of reflection and its contribution to increasing the healthcare professional'sself-awareness--emotional, personal and professional, is also well underlined. Various Modules and Case Studies within the book are used to explain and highlight key issues, and to enhance content and visual acuity.

Contents:
Preface.-Acknowledgments
Chapter 1. Introduction.-Chapter 2 The Early years
Chapter 3 The changing dynamics of nursing: a personal and professional experience of nearly 50 years
Chapter 4 A Constructive interlude in my career path
Chapter 5 Urology Nursing: Accentuating my experiences of the principles of practice.-A perspective on uro-oncology management and highlighting the MUCNS role in this management
Chapter 7 Educational and practical aids to enhancing practice
Chapter 8 Coping with the "breaking of bad news"-personal and professional perspectives
Chapter 9 Penultimate reflections.-Chapter 10 A final reflection of my clinical practice journey.-Appendices.

Summary: This book aims to provide a guide for urodynamic investigation in individuals who have suffered spinal cord injuries. It is universally acknowledged that this type of investigation is valuable and most international guidelines consider it mandatory in patients with neurogenic bladder dysfunction. The book offers an evidence based knowledge of applicability, clinical value, and limitation, and will give the reader strong diagnostic outcomes that will benefit patients suffering from spinal cord injuries. What is presented in this book is based on expert opinions acquired over decades of urodynamic testing that have taken place in different parts of the world.

Contents:
1. Introduction
2. Physiology and pathophysiology
3. Diagnosis of neurogenic LUT dysfunction after SCI
4. Techniques of UDT
5. Performing UDT
6. Data obtained from UDT
7. 40 cm H₂O
8. Training
9. When to perform UDT after SCI
10. When to repeat UDT
11. Complications of UDT
12. Indications to postpone UDT
13. Special UDT tests
14. Rules to get proper results of UDT
15. Value of UDT
16. Different types of intravesical pressure development
17. Urodynamic tracings with full medical files
18. Data sets
References.

Summary: This pocket guide is an easy-to-use, practically oriented resource that provides reliable information and advice on the technical aspects of urodynamic techniques, the interpretation of tracings, quality control, and the most common pitfalls. Individual sections focus on uroflowmetry, multichannel urodynamics, interpretation of pressure/flow tracings, urethral function studies, pelvic floor electromyography, videourodynamics, and urodynamics of the upper urinary tract. Despite recent criticisms, there is general agreement that urodynamic investigation represents a necessary step before any surgical approach to incontinence and obstruction. Nevertheless, recently published guidelines fail to provide specific directions on performance and interpretation of urodynamics, and knowledge of the basic rules and formal urodynamics training are too often lacking. Readers will find that this guide enables them to retrieve key information quickly and to feel more confident in their practice of urodynamics.

Contents:
The framework of basic science
Key symptoms analysis and diagnostic algorithms
Physical examination and laboratory evaluation
Urodynamic testing: when and which
Voiding diary and Pad testing
Non-invasive urodynamics
Conventional urodynamics-conventional urodynamics in pediatric age
Electromyogtrahy
Urethral profilometry
Videourodynamics
Ambulatory urodynamics
Urodynamics of upper urinary tract.

Summary: This book offers gynecologists and urogynecologists a pocket guide to urodynamic testing in women with lower urinary tract symptoms. In female urology, the main indications for urodynamics are urinary incontinence, pelvic organ prolapse, urgency-frequency syndrome (also known as overactive bladder), emptying disorders and painful bladder. By collecting quantitative measurements while reproducing the patient's voiding symptoms where appropriate and possible, urodynamics helps to identify the cause of symptoms, supports management and facilitates prognoses. However, despite the undeniable advantages, the role of urodynamics in female urology is hotly debated. The book starts by describing the physiological background and methodological considerations for urodynamic best practice in the preclinical setting. It then explains how to perform urodynamics correctly - so-called "good urodynamic practice" - to increase the readers' confidence and ability to perform and interpret urodynamic investigations. Lastly, it reviews the advantages and disadvantages of urodynamic testing in each of the key clinical female urology conditions. A separate chapter focuses on the peculiarities of diagnosis and management for female patients with neurogenic bladder. This guide offers a valuable tool for gynecologists, urologists and urogynecologists, as well as a ready source of information for all physicians involved in diagnosing and treating lower urinary tract disorders in women.

Contents:
Physiology of micturition in female
How to perform urodynamic investigation: the good urodynamic practice
Urodynamics in stress urinary incontinence
Urodynamics in pelvic prolapse
Urodynamics in overactive bladder
Urodynamics in emptying problems
Urodynamics in chronic pelvic pain
Neurogenic bladder in female.

Summary: This book provides an up to date, comprehensive, review of the common urogenital painful conditions. It will serve as a valuable resource for clinicians, urologists, surgeons, gynecologists, palliative care physicians, and many other medical providers. The book reviews presenting signs and symptoms, diagnostic workup, differential diagnoses, interventional treatments, and alternative medical therapy for painful conditions that occur in the urogenital region. The text also provides a clear understanding of how pain is transmitted along with what patient populations are at increased risk in suffering these conditions. The risks, benefits, and indications are discussed in detail for the variety of interventional injections that are available to help manage these conditions.

Summary: This heavily revised third edition concisely covers the latest evidence-based treatment strategies for urinary incontinence and prolapse. Chapters cover methodologies relevant to continence procedures, prolapse management, and potential complications. New topics discussed include Colpocleisis, principles associated with managing Mesh complications and the Mirabegron mechanism. Urogynecology: Evidence-Based Clinical Practice 3rd Edition is a vital how-to guide, which is ideal for junior registrars assigned to work in a urogynecology department, as well as for those with no previous formal urogynecological training seeking to develop their understanding of the subject.

Contents:
History taking
Physical examination
How to manage the patient after history and examination
How to conduct and interpret urodynamic tests
Outcome measures in assessing response to treatment
Conservative therapy of USI
Step by step guide to treatment of overactive bladder / detrusor overactivity
Faecal Incontinence and Disorders of Obstructive Defecation
Surgery for USI
Management of Prolapse
Recurrent bacterial cystitis in women
Interstititial cystitis?.

Summary: This book serves as a concise guide to urinary stone disease, providing simplified and complete information about the topic area. Various surgical techniques are provided and accompanied by first-hand accounts, to give insight into the operating room. The book is a quick reference guide and is relevant to both trainees and professionals. Written by a leading expert in the field, this book brings together years of experience and contains essential information on all aspects of lithology. The book covers all treatment options so that the best possible methods can be chosen for each patient. Urinary stone disease is a widespread ailment and updated information about it is permanently needed by trainees and professionals.

Summary: "Urologic health care problems are often very complex, and nurses who treat these issues practice in a wide range of settings with patients across the lifespan. The urologic nursing specialty requires its professionals to have a comprehensive knowledge of developmental and aging changes that are essential to understanding acute and chronic urologic diseases. Urologic Nursing: Scope and Standards of Practice meets this need by defining and describing the scope of practice, educational preparation, certification, and practice environment/population focus of the urologic registered nurse (RN) and advanced practice registered nurse (APRN). The standards also outline current challenges to urologic nursing and the competencies all urologic nurses are expected to attain"--Publisher's description.

Contents:
Introduction
Scope of urologic nursing practice
Professional registered nurses today: the how of urologic nursing
Standards of urologic nursing practice
Standards of practice
Standards of professional performance
Scopes and standards glossary.

Summary: This comprehensive and timely textbook covers all aspects of the evidence-based management of genitourinary cancers and explains the fundamental principles underlying the available diagnostic and treatment approaches, including chemotherapy, radiotherapy, immunotherapy, and surgery. For each type of cancer – prostate, bladder, renal, testicular, and penile, plus rare urologic malignancies – clinical presentation, diagnosis, and treatment strategies are described in detail and information is provided on etiology, epidemiology, risk factors, and pathology, including TNM classification. Careful attention is also devoted to the complications that may be encountered when treating urologic malignancies and to the management of these complications. The text is complemented by the inclusion of numerous high-definition photographs and illustrations. Urologic Oncology will be a valuable reference and source of guidance for all oncologists, urologists and practitioners in related disciplines who treat patients with urologic cancers. -- Provided by publisher.

Contents:
Intro; Preface; Contents; About the Editors; Editorial Board; Contributors; Part I: Introduction; 1 Molecular Basics on Genitourinary Malignancies; Introduction; Prostate Cancer; Urothelial Carcinoma of the Bladder and Upper Urinary Tract; Kidney Cancer; Penile Cancer; Testicular Cancer; References; 2 Clinical Aspects and Investigations in Genitourinary Cancer; Principles of Common Radiological Investigations; X-Ray; Intravenous Urography (IVU); Ultrasound; Computed Tomography; Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI); Bone Scans; PET (Positron Emission Tomography) Scans; Renal Cell Carcinoma Clinical AspectsInvestigations; Laboratory; Imaging; Ultrasound; Appearance; Computed Tomography; MRI; Urothelial Cancer; Clinical Aspects; Presentation; Investigations; Laboratory; Imaging; CT Urography; Ultrasonography; MR Urography; Prostate Cancer; Clinical Aspects; Presentation; Investigations; Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA); Other Biomarkers; Imaging; Ultrasound; MRI; CT Scan; Bone Scan; Positron Emission Tomography (PET); Testicular Cancer; Clinical Aspects; Presentation; Examination; Imaging; Ultrasonography; Tumor Markers; CT Scan; MRI and Bone Scan; PET; Penile Cancer Clinical AspectsPresentation; Premalignant Lesions; Invasive Cancer; Investigations; References; 3 Clinical Trials and Their Principles in Urologic Oncology; Introduction; Principles of Drug Development; Overview of Trial Designs; Types of Clinical Trials; Phases of Clinical Trials; Preclinical, Phase 1, and Phase 2 Trials; Phase 3 Trials; Phase 4 Trials and Post-Marketing Assessment; Design of Clinical Trials; Research Question and Hypothesis; The Patient Population; Definition of a Comparator; Calculating the Right Sample Size; Planning Statistical Analysis; Endpoints of Clinical Trials Primary and Secondary EndpointsComposite Variables and co-Primary Endpoints; Surrogate Endpoints (SEP); Patient-Reported Outcomes (PROs) and Endpoints and their Increasing Relevance in Clinical Trials; Adverse Event and Patient-Reported Outcomes (PROs) Reporting in Clinical Trials; Conducting the Trial in the Best Possible Way: How to Avoid Bias; Randomization; Blinding; Stratification; Clinical Trial Oversight; The Ethical Foundation of Clinical Trials; Principle of Equipoise; Ethical Considerations Within Clinical Trials in Urology Precision Medicine, Genomics, and Molecular Testing in Clinical TrialsThe Relevance of Genomic Research for Urological Cancers and for Clinical Trials in Uro-Oncology; Opportunities and Challenges in Cancer Genomic Research in Urological Tumors; Specific Considerations Related to Clinical Trials in Uro-Oncology; Medical Tumor Treatment; Caveats for Randomized Clinical Trials in Urologic Oncology Surgery; Measuring Outcome and Reporting in Uro-Oncology Trials; Final Considerations and Summary; Take-Home Messages; References; 4 Bone Target Therapy in Urologic Malignancies; Introduction

Summary: Urologists and medical oncologists have witnessed a rapid growth in systemic therapeutic options for treating genitourinary malignancies that increasingly integrates radiation therapy to primary cancers, nodal beds, and even metastatic sites. The culmination of these advances has been the creation of multidisciplinary teams that expertly provide comprehensive care to patients with urologic cancers. This book provides the framework to create such a multidisciplinary clinical team focused on the treatment of urologic malignancies with representation from urologists, medical oncologists, and additional specialists who work together to provide optimal team-based care. The book integrates advanced systemic therapeutics including immune-based and targeted therapies. Readers gain a better understanding of the benefit of multidisciplinary co-management through specific examples such as hormone sensitive metastatic prostate cancer, neoadjuvant chemotherapy for muscle invasive bladder cancer, and immunotherapy approaches to advanced bladder and kidney cancer. The book also discusses the integration of genomic tumor characterization and personalized medicine into surgical planning, tumor biopsies, and chemo-immunotherapy selection, emphasizing the expansion of new therapeutics for urologic malignancies and the changing definitions of disease progression. Urologic Oncology: Multidisciplinary Care for Patients is a comprehensive resource for urologists, medical oncologists, radiation oncologists, genetic counselors, fellows in urologic oncology and medical oncology, residents in urology and radiation oncology, advanced practice providers, practice managers, and pharmaceutical representatives. .

Summary: This volume focuses on aspects of urology which are often forgotten in contemporary practice, but are nevertheless the subject of incremental advances and form the basis of much of the non-oncological practice. It covers numerous topics including laparoscopy.

Summary: This book provides a practical guide to the use of the latest applicable surgical procedures and present novel pathways. It details how to utilize a range of techniques including three-dimensional (3D) laparoscopy and those that require robotic assistance. Guidance is also contained on innovative tools including confocal laser endomicroscopy along with the application of biomaterials, artificial intelligence and other exponential technologies, enabling the reader to systematically develop a thorough understanding of these methodologies. Urologic Surgery in the Digital Era: Next Generation Surgery and Novel Pathways systematically reviews the application of the latest surgical techniques and potential future developments in urology. Therefore, it is a critical resource for all practicing and trainee urological surgeons.

Contents:
Part-1: Novel pathways to next generation surgery. Robotic-Assisted Surgery
Stone Treatment
BPH
Bladder Cancer
Robotic Upper Tract Surgery
3D Camera-Assisted Open Surgery
Kidney Transplantation
3D Laparoscopy
Sacral Neuromodulation
Injections and Biomaterials
Confocal Laser Endomicroscopy
Live Surgery and Safety Standards
Part-2: Future perspectives. Artificial Intelligence
Social Media and E-Learning
Aviation and Non-Technical Skills
Exponential Technologies and Future Scenarios.