BookPradeep C. Bollu, editor.
Summary: This book offers a comprehensive overview of the most important neurochemicals and approaches everything from the neurochemicals perspective. It attempts to integrate the biochemical pathways of synthesis and metabolism of these neurochemicals with the disease states and point out the avenues of diagnostic testing and therapeutic intervention. Each chapter focuses on a specific neurochemical and provides a brief history, the biochemical profile, metabolism, physiological functions, and the clinical aspects. The clinical part of each chapter includes a discussion on disease states with either increased or reduced activity of the neurochemical and either activation or inhibition of the relevant receptors. This book is targeted toward practitioners and students of neuroscience and is written to emphasize the importance of these neurochemicals in the brain. With this emphasis on background neurochemical processes, the readers will be pointed towards logical diagnostic studies, laboratory investigations, and therapies based on the neurochemical dysfunction that underlies various disease states.
Contents:
Intro
Preface
Acknowledgments
Contents
Contributors
Chapter 1: Dopamine
Introduction
Physiology and Functions
Metabolism: Synthesis and Degradation
Dopamine Receptors
Dopaminergic Pathways
Dopamine, Parkinsonism, and DAT Scan
Dopamine and Psychiatric Disease
Tardive Dyskinesia
Dopamine and Punding
Dopamine and Restless Leg Syndrome
Dopamine, Sleep, and Wakefulness
Dopamine and Hypothalamus
Drugs Associated with Dopamine
Dopamine Precursor
Levodopa
Dopamine Agonists
Vesicular Monoamine Transporter (VMAT) Depletors
References Chapter 2: Serotonin
History of Serotonin
Neurochemical Profile
Serotonin in the Brain
Serotonin in the Periphery
Raphe Nuclear System
Serotonin Receptors --Serotonin Metabolism
Chemical Structure and Biosynthesis
Serotonin Metabolism
Medications Acting on Serotonin System
Other Clinical Aspects
Serotonin in Migraine
Serotonin Effects on Heart
Serotonin in Psychosis
Serotonin Modulation in Obesity (Lorcaserin)
Serotonin in Nausea/Vomiting
Serotonin in Gut Motility
Serotonin Syndrome
Serotonin in RLS
References
Chapter 3: Adenosine Introduction
Metabolism
Receptors
Alzheimer's Disease and Autism
Sleep and Restless Leg Syndrome
Psychiatric Conditions
Epilepsy
Ischemia
Parkinson's Disease
Huntington's Disease
Multiple Sclerosis
Adenosine Agonists
Adenosine Antagonist: Caffeine
References
Chapter 4: GABA
History of GABA
Neurochemical Profile of GABA
GABA in Sleep
GABA in Neuronal Inhibition
GABA Receptors
GABAA Receptor
GABAB Receptor
GABA Metabolism
Medications Acting on the GABAergic System
Benzodiazepines
Barbiturates
Sodium Oxybate
Baclofen Other Clinical Aspects
Antibody-Mediated Attack on GABA
GABA Antagonism and Improvement in Alertness: Role of Flumazenil in Hypersomnia
GABA in Restless Leg Syndrome (RLS)
References
Chapter 5: Glutamate
History
Neurochemical Profile
Glutamate and Neural Plasticity
Glutamate in Neurotoxicity
Receptors
Ionotropic Glutamate Receptors
NMDA Receptors
Non-NMDA Receptors
Metabotropic Glutamate Receptors
Metabolism
Glutamate Transporters
The Glutamate-Glutamine Cycle
GABA
Medications
Ketamine
Memantine
Riluzole
Topiramate
Felbamate Pregabalin
Lamotrigine
Perampanel
Clinical Aspects
Role of Glutamate in Epilepsy
Role of Glutamate in Autoimmune Encephalitis
Role of Glutamate in Stroke
Role of Glutamate as a Dietary Toxin
Role of Glutamate in Neurodegeneration
References
Chapter 6: Glycine
Introduction
History
Receptors
The Glycine Receptor
The N-Methyl-D-Aspartic Acid Glutamate Receptor
The Glycine Transporters Type 1 and 2 Receptors
Neurochemical Profile
Neurotransmitter
Potentiating Action at the NMDA Receptors
The Role of Glycine Transporters
Metabolism