Book[edited by] Richard A. Polin, William W. Fox, Steven H. Abman.
Summary: Fetal and Neonatal Physiology, edited by Drs. Polin, Fox, and Abman, focuses on physiologic developments of the fetus and newborn and their impact on the clinical practice of neonatology. A must for practice, this 4th edition brings you the latest information on genetic therapy, intrauterine infections, brain protection and neuroimaging, and much more. You'll also have easy access to the complete contents and illustrations online at expertconsult.com. Gain a comprehensive, state-of-the-art understanding of normal and abnormal physiology, and its relationship to disease in the fetus and newborn premature infant, from Dr. Richard Polin and other acknowledged worldwide leaders in the field. Understand the implications of fetal and neonatal physiology through chapters devoted to clinical correlation.
Contents:
I. Genetics: Genetics
II. Embryology: Embryology
Regulation of Embryogenesis
Pathophysiology of Congenital Malformations
III. The Placenta: Placental Development
Regulation of the Placental Circulation
Mechanisms of Transfer Across the Human Placenta
Endocrine and Paracrine Function of the Human Placenta
Placental Proteins
Placental Separation at Birth
Multiple Pregnancy
IV. Developmental Pharmacology and Pharmacokinetics: Basic Pharmacologic Principles
Basic Pharmacokinetic Principles
Physiochemical and Structural Properties Regulating Placental Drug Transfer
Genetic Regulation of Drug Metabolism
Drug Distribution During Fetal Life
Drug Protein Binding During Development
Development of Renal Excretion of Drugs During Ontogeny
Pharmacodynamics and Receptor Sensitivity During Development
Drug Abuse During Fetal and Neonatal Life
Sympathoadrenal Mechanisms During Development
Developmental Neuropharmacology
Physiologic Differences of Clinical Significance
Therapeutic Drug Monitoring in the Newborn
Drug Excretion during Lactation
V. Intrauterine Growth: Intrauterine Growth and Nutrition
VI. Postnatal Growth and Nutrition: Infant Growth in the First Year of Life
Endocrine and Other Factors Affecting Growth
Water Requirements
Energy Requirements
Protein Requirements
Carbohydrate Requirements
Fat Metabolism and Requirements
Mineral and Trace Element Requirements
Vitamin Requirements
Human Milk Composition and Function in the Infant
Types and Methods of Feeding for Infants
Nutritional Assessment
Growth Outcome of Critically Ill Neonates
VII. Perinatal Iron, Trace Minerals, and Vitamin Metabolism: Iron Metabolism during Fetal and Neonatal Life
Trace Element Metabolism in the Fetus and Neonate
Metabolism of Vitamin A and Water Soluble Vitamins During Fetal and Neonatal Life
Vitamin E Metabolism in the Fetus and Neonate
Vitamin K Metabolism during the Fetal and Neonatal Periods
VIII. Lipid Metabolism in the Fetus and Newborn: Placental Transport of Free Fatty Acids, Glycerol, and Ketone Bodies
Lipid Accretion in the Fetus and Newborn
Brown Adipose Tissue: Development and Function
Lipids and an Energy Source for the Premature and Full-Term Neonate
Ketone Body Production and Metabolism in the Fetus and Newborn
Very Long Chain Fatty Acids in the Developing Retina and Brain
Physiological Effects of Lipid Infusions
Developmental Physiology of Lipoproteins and Cholesterol
Lipoprotein Lipase
IX. Carbohydrate Metabolism: Metabolism of Glucose and Methods of Investigation in the Fetus and Newborn
Maternal Metabolism During Pregnancy
Carbohydrate Metabolism in the Fetus
Role of Glucoregulatory Hormones on Hepatic Glucose Metabolism During the Perinatal Period
Cell Glucose Transport and Glucose Handling During Fetal and Neonatal Development
Glucose Metabolism During the Transition to Postnatal Life
Hypoglycemia and Hyperglycemia in the Newborn
X. Protein Metabolism: General Concepts of Protein Metabolism
Fetal Requirements and Placental Transfer of Nitrogenous Compounds
Nitrogen Sources for the Newborn
Protein Metabolism in the Newborn
Protein and Amino Acid Requirements
Modification of Protein Metabolism Because of Disease
XI. Thermoregulation: Perinatal Thermal Physiology
Neonatal Thermal Physiology
Physics and Physiology of Human Incubation
Temperature Measurement in the Preterm Newborn
Incubator Management
XII. Skin: Structural and Biochemical Organogenesis of Skin and Cutaneous Appendages in the Fetus and Newborn
Development of the Cutaneous Circulation
Composition of Skin Lipids
Sweating in the Neonate
pH Patterns in Newborn Skin
Skin Barrier Function
Bacterial Colonization of the Skin of the Newborn
XIII. Fetal and Neonatal Cardiovascular Physiology: Development of the Fetal Heart
Molecular Development of the Heart
Role of Peptide Growth Factors in Cardiovascular Development
Fetal and Neonatal Cardiovascular Physiologic Development
Developmental Electrophysiology in the Fetus and Neonate
Developmental Biology of the Pulmonary Vasculature
Development of the Pulmonary Circulation: Metabolic Aspects
Development of the Gastrointestinal Circulation in the Fetus and Newborn
Regulation of the Fetal Cerebral Circulation
Autonomic and Central Neuroregulation of Fetal Cardiovascular Function
Endocrine Regulation of the Fetal Circulation
Nitric Oxide and the Perinatal Circulation
Regulation of Umbilical Blood Flow
Fetal and Placental Circulation During Labor
Cardiovascular Diagnosis in the Fetus and the Effects of Congenital Heart Lesions on Developing Physiology
Response of the Fetal Circulation to Stress
Fetal and Neonatal Congestive Heart Failure
Physiology of Resuscitation
XIV. The Lung: Normal and Abnormal Structural Development of the Lung
Fetal and Neonatal Lung-liquid Balance
Functional Development of the Upper Airway
Functional Development of the Lower Airway
Functional Development of Respiratory Muscles
Mechanics of Breathing
Pulmonary Gas Exchange in the Developing Lung
Oxygen Transport and Delivery
Control of Breathing in Fetal Life and Onset and Control of Breathing in the Neonate
Pathophysiology of Apnea of Prematurity
Evaluation of Pulmonary Function in the Neonate
Pathophysiology of Hyaline Membrane Disease (Excluding Surfactant)
Pathophysiology of Lung Injury and Repair: Special Features of the Immature Lung
Pathophysiology of Chronic Lung Disease
Physiologic Effects of Conventional Mechanical Ventilation
Physiology of High Frequency Ventilation
Liquid Ventilation
Physiology of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation
XV. Pulmonary Surfactant: Historical Perspective
Composition of Pulmonary Surfactant Lipids and Proteins
Biophysical Activities of Pulmonary Surfactant
Lung Morphogenesis: Formation and Function of the Alveolar Surface Layer
Regulation of Surfactant-associated Phospholipid Synthesis and Secretion
Pathophysiology of Respiratory Distress Syndrome
Hormonal Therapy for Prevention of Respiratory Distress Syndrome
Surfactant Replacement Therapy
XVI. Physiology Of The Gastrointestinal Tract in the Fetus and Neonate: Cellular and Molecular Aspects of Human Gastrointestinal Development
Organogenesis, Innervation, and Histologic Development of the Gastrointestinal Tract
Development of the Enteric Nervous System
Development of Gastric Secretory Function
Development of Intestinal and Colonic Motility
Motility of the Upper Gastrointestinal Tract in the Fetus and Neonate
Development of Exocrine Pancreatic Function
Digestive and Absorptive Function in the Fetus and Infant
Pathophysiology of Gastroesophageal Reflux
Pathophysiology and Epidemiology of Necrotizing Enterocolitis
XVII. Liver and Bilirubin Metabolism: Organogenesis and Histologic Development of the Liver
Fetal and Postnatal Hepatic Vasculature and Blood Flow
Bile Acid Metabolism during Development
Bile Secretion and its Control in the Mature and Immature Organism
Hepatic Disposition of Xenobiotics during Prenatal and Early Postnatal Development
Bilirubin Metabolism and Toxicity in the Newborn
Pathophysiology of Breast-Milk Jaundice
Phototherapy for Neonatal Jaundice
Pathophysiology of Metabolic Diseases of the Liver
Pathogenesis of Neonatal Cholestasis
Evaluation of Liver Function
XVIII. The Kidney: Embryogenesis and Anatomic Development of the Kidney
Renal Function in Utero
Postnatal Maturation of Renal Blood Flow
Development of the Renin-Angiotensin System
Postnatal Development of Glomerular Filtration
Measurement of Glomerular Filtration Rate in Neonates
Renal Transport of Sodium During Early Development
Potassium Transport in Early Development
Transport of Calcium and Phosphorus
Transport of Amino Acids During Early Development
Developmental Aspects of Organic Acid Transport
Concentration of the Urine
Dilution of the Urine
Urinary Acidification
The Response to Nephron Loss in Early Development
Regulation of Blood Pressure During Fetal and Newborn Life
Clinical Significance of Developmental Renal Physiology
Pathophysiology of Acute Renal Failure in the Neonatal Period
Continuous Hemofiltration in Neonates
XIX. Fluid and Electrolyte Metabolism: Fluid Distribution in the Fetus and Neonate
Fetal and neonatal Body Fluid Composition with Reference to Growth and Development
Colloid Pressure and Osmoregulation in the Pregnant Woman, Fetus, and Neonate
Regulation of Acid-Base Balance in the Fetus and Neonate
Hydrops Fetalis and Other Causes of Neonatal Edema and Ascites
XX. Hematopoiesis and Granulopoiesis: Developmental Biology of the Hematopoietic Growth Factors
Developmental Granulopoiesis
Developmental Erythropoiesis
Developmental Megakaryocytopoiesis
XXI. Hemostasis: Normal Hemostasis in the Newborn: Plasmatic Factors
Normal Hemostasis in the Newborn: Cellular Factors, Platelets, and the Vessel Wall
Pathophysiology of Bleeding Disorders in the Newborn
Pathophysiology of Neonatal Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation and Thrombosis. XXII. Developmental Immunobiology: Host Defense Mechanisms Against Bacteria, Fungi, Viruses, and Nonviral Intracellular Pathogens
T-Cell Development
B-Cell Development
Mononuclear Phagocyte System
Neutrophil Function in Newborn Infants
The Complement System in the Fetus and Newborn
Cytokines and the Inflammatory Response
Integrins and Cell Adhesion Molecules
Stimulus-Response Coupling
Fetal and Neonatal Wound Healing
Immunology of the Breast and Host Immunity
Amniotic Fluid Host Defense Mechanisms
Host Defense Mechanisms in the Lung
XXIII. Neurology: Development of the Nervous System
Development of the Blood-Brain Barrier
Development of Neurotransmitters
Biochemistry of Hypoxic-ischemic Brain Injury
Perinatal Brain Metabolism and Prevention of Asphyxial Injury
Developmental Biochemistry: Studies in vivo with Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
Electroencephalography in the Premature and Full-term Infant
Development of Tone and Reflexes in the Fetus and Newborn
Cerebral Blood Flow in Premature Infants: regulation, Measurement, and Pathophysiology of Intraventricular Hemorrhage
Intraventricular Hemorrhage in the Premature Infant: Morphologic Characteristics
Deleterious Effects of Intrauterine Drug Exposure of the Nervous System
Nutritional and Hormonal Regulation of Brain Development
Ontogenesis of Striated Muscle
XXIV. Special Sensory Systems in the Fetus and Neonate: Development of Touch, Pain, and Temperature Sensation in the Fetus and Neonate
Anatomical and Functional Development of the Eye and Pathophysiology of Retinopathy of Prematurity
Anatomical and Functional Development of Hearing
Development of Taste and Smell in the Neonate
XXV. Calcium, Phosphorus, and Magnesium Metabolism: Calcium-Regulating Hormones
Calcium, phosphorus, and Magnesium Transport Across the Placenta
Neonatal Calcium, Phosphorus, and Magnesium Homeostasis
Pathophysiology of Neonatal Hypocalcemia
Osteopenia of Rickets of Prematurity
XVI. Orthopedics: Growth Plate: Structure and Physiology
Intrauterine Compression Syndromes: Effects of Mechanics on Endochondral Ossification
Defective Limb Embryology
Congenital Vertebral Anomalies and their Sequelae
The Congenital Muscle Diseases
Skeletal Dysplasia and Dwarfism: Physiology and Pathophysiology
Pathophysiology of Neonatal Osteomyelitis and Septic Arthritis
Standards and Measurements: Fetus and Neonate
XVII. The Pituitary: Neurosecretions and Neurotransmitters of the Fetal Hypothalamus
Growth Factors and Development
Growth Hormone and Prolactin
LH and FSH Secretion in the Fetus and Newborn
Development of the Corticotropin-releasing Factor ACTH/Beta Endorphin System in the Mammalian Fetus
Fetal and Neonatal Neuropophyseal Hormones
XXVIII. The Fetal and Neonatal Adrenal and Fetal Thyroid Systems: Fetal and Neonatal Adrenocortical Physiology
Fetal and Neonatal Thyroid Physiology
XXIX. The Ovary and Testis: Sex Determination
Germ Cells and the Indifferent Gonad
Differentiation of the Ovary
Testicular Development
Testicular Descent
Index.