BookVijay Pratap Singh, Samiksha Singh, Durgesh Kumar Tripathi, Sheo Mohan Prasad, Devendra Kumar Chauhan, editors.
Summary: The population of the world continues to increase at an alarming rate. The trouble linked with overpopulation ranges from food and water scarcity to inadequacy of space for organisms. Overpopulation is also linked with several other demographic hazards, for instance, population blooming will not only result in exhaustion of natural repositories, but it will also induce intense pressure on the world economy. Today nanotechnology is often discussed as a key discipline of research but it has positive and negative aspects. Also, due to industrialization and ever-increasing population, nano-pollution has been an emerging topic among scientists for investigation and debate. Nanotechnology measures any substance on a macromolecular scale, molecular scale, and even atomic scale. More importantly, nanotechnology deals with the manipulation and control of any matter at the dimension of a single nanometer. Nanotechnology and nanoparticles (NPs) play important roles in sustainable development and environmental challenges as well. NPs possess both harmful and beneficial effects on the environment and its harboring components, such as microbes, plants, and humans. There are many beneficial impacts exerted by nanoparticles, however, including their role in the management of waste water and soil treatment, cosmetics, food packaging, agriculture, biomedicines, pharmaceuticals, renewable energies, and environmental remedies. Conversely, NPs also show some toxic effects on microbes, plants, as well as human beings. It has been reported that use of nanotechnological products leads to the more accumulation of NPs in soil and aquatic ecosystems, which may be detrimental for living organisms. Further, toxic effects of NPs on microbes, invertebrates, and aquatic organisms including algae, has been measured. Scientists have also reported on the negative impact of NPs on plants by discussing the delivery of NPs in plants. Additionally, scientists have also showed that NPs interact with plant cells, which results in alterations in growth, biological function, gene expression, and development. Thus, there has been much investigated and reported on NPs and plant interactions in the last decade. This book discusses the most recent work on NPs and plant interaction, which should be useful for scientists working in nanotechnology across a wide variety of disciplines.
Contents:
Intro
Preface
Contents
About the Editors
Applications of Nanomaterials to Enhance Plant Health and Agricultural Production
1 Introduction
2 Nanoparticles: General Properties and Functions
2.1 Silver Nanoparticles
2.2 Zinc Nanoparticles
2.3 Silicon Nanoparticles
2.4 Carbon Nanotubes
2.5 Quantum Dots
3 Nanoparticles as an Agent In
3.1 Plant Protection
3.2 Plant Growth Augmentation
4 Nanotechnology and Agricultural Development
4.1 Nanofertilizers
4.2 Nanopesticides
4.3 Nanocomposites 5 Future Perspectives of Nanotechnology in the Field of Agriculture
6 Conclusions
References
Nanoparticles and Their Impacts on Seed Germination
1 Introduction
2 Carbon-Based Nanoparticles
2.1 Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes
2.2 Multiwalled Carbon Nanotube
2.3 Graphene
3 Metal-Based Nanoparticles
3.1 Copper-Based Nanoparticles
3.2 Silver Nanoparticles
3.3 Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles
3.4 Silicon Oxide Nanoparticles
3.5 Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles
4 Conclusions and Future Perspective
References 5.1 ZnO NPs Affect Seed Germination and Vegetative Growth
5.2 ZnO NP Affects Reproductive Processes
6 Stress Alleviation by ZnO NPs
7 Conclusions and Future Perspectives
References
Effect of TiO2 as Plant Growth-Stimulating Nanomaterial on Crop Production
1 Introduction
2 TiO2 Nanoparticles' Characterization and Biological Properties
3 Behaviour of Nanoparticles in Culture Media and Soils
3.1 Behaviour of Nanoparticles in Growth Media
3.2 Behaviour of Nanoparticles in Soils and Specific Aspects of Field Experiments 5.7 Molecular Basis Responses
5.8 Cytotoxicity, Genotoxicity, and Cell Cycle
5.9 Secondary Metabolism
5.10 Toxicity Mechanisms
6 The nZnO-Mediated Protection Against Stress Condition
7 In Vitro Application
8 Knowledge Gaps, Exploitation, and Future Perspective
References
Physiology of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles in Plants
1 Introduction
2 The Uptake and Transport of ZnO NPs in Higher Plants
3 ZnO NPs and Oxidative Stress
4 ZnO NPs Influence Nutrient Homeostasis and Photosynthetic Efficiency
5 ZnO NPs and Plant Development Synthesis and Characterization of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles and Their Impact on Plants
1 Introduction
2 Synthesis
2.1 Biological, Chemical, and Physical Approaches
2.2 Green Synthesis
2.2.1 Biosynthesis of nZnO Using Plant Extract
2.2.2 Biosynthesis of nZnO Using Microbes and Other Green Sources
3 Soil Microbiome
4 Uptake and Translocation
5 Plant Responses to nZnO
5.1 Seed Germination, Biomass, and Plant Early Growth
5.2 Anatomical and Morphological Changes
5.3 Antioxidant System
5.4 Photosynthesis
5.5 Phytohormones
5.6 Nutritional Status