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  • Book
    Alfred Atanda Jr., John F. Lovejoy III, editors.
    Summary: As the healthcare landscape evolves towards value-based treatment models, healthcare providers will be forced to find ways to deliver healthcare in a cost-effective, resource mindful way that provides good care, all the while maintaining appropriate patient satisfaction. Telemedicine offers a way to achieve this goal, in both rural and urban settings and with a varied and diverse patient population - not to mention during global health emergencies, where in-person visits and consultations are not ideal. This book will serve as an introduction to telemedicine and digital health for the orthopedic and sports medicine provider. It will provide a general overview of telemedicine as well as specific suggestions and recommendations: where and how to get started, how to implement a telemedicine program, how to do research in telemedicine, and how to develop clinical guidelines and best practices for work in telemedicine. Specific chapters cover important nuts-and-bolts topics like regulation and licensing, billing and coding, and ethics and etiquette. Suggestions and considerations for provider-to-provider, direct-to-consumer, and school-based telemedicine service are likewise presented. Finally, insights into global telemedicine implementation and research are detailed. While describing specific applications to orthopedic and sports medicine practices, Telemedicine in Orthopedic Surgery and Sports Medicine will cater to any clinician - from the individual solo practitioner to the C-suite level executive - who has a vision for implementation of telemedicine across an entire health system.

    Contents:
    History and Evolution of Telemedicine
    Telemedicine Regulation and Licensing
    Telemedicine Billing and Coding
    Legal Compliance in Telemedicine
    Ethical Concerns in Telemedicine
    Telemedicine Etiquette
    Virtual Musculoskeletal Examination Using Telemedicine
    Development and Implementation of Telemedicine in Practice
    A Case Study in Telemedicine: Cerebral Palsy
    Provider-to-Provider Telemedicine Consultation
    Direct-to-Consumer Telemedicine
    School-Based Telemedicine Services
    Telemedicine in a Time of Crisis: The COVID-19 Experience
    Global Telemedicine Health and Educational Initiatives
    Telemedicine Research and Quality Assessment.
    Digital Access Springer 2021
  • Article
    Zacharski CA, Cooper TG.
    J Bacteriol. 1978 Aug;135(2):490-7.
    Uninduced cultures of Saccharomyces cerevisiae exhibit high basal levels of allantoinase, allantoicase, and ureidoglycolate hydrolase, the enzymes responsible for degrading allantoin to urea. As a result, these activities increase only 4- to 8-fold upon induction, whereas the urea-degrading enzymes, urea carboxylase and allophanate hydrolase, have very low basal levels and routinely increase 30-fold on induction. Differences in the inducibility of these five enzymes were somewhat surprising because they are all part of the same pathway and have the same inducer, allophanate. Our current studies reconcile these observations. S. cerevisiae normally contained up to 1 mM allantoin sequestered in a cellular organelle, most likely the vacuole. Separation of the large amounts of allantoin and the enzymes that degrade it provide the cell with an efficient nitrogen reserve. On starvation, sequestered allantoin likely becomes accessible to these degradative enzymes. Because they are already present at high levels, the fact that their inducer is considerably removed from the input allantoin is of little consequence. This suggests that at times metabolite compartmentation may play an equal role with enzyme induction in the regulation of allantoin metabolism. Metabolism of arginine, another sequestered metabolite, must be controlled both by induction of arginase and compartmentation because arginine serves both as a reserve nitrogen source and a precursor of protein synthesis. The latter function precludes the existence of high basal levels of arginase.
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