BookHoward Goldfine, editor.
Summary: This book is a compilation of the most relevant molecular mechanisms and cellular processes that are involved in the infection processes in relation to lipid metabolism. The authors are international experts in the field of infection biology. Readers will understand infection metabolism and the contribution of lipids and lipid-protein interaction to lipids. Microbial lipids play an important role in almost all cellular phenomena. Microbial infections also contain an important virulence component in microbial lipids. The secretion of lipid vesicles that contain virulence factors, the assembly of lipid membrane microdomains harboring signal transduction pathways relate to infection process and the number of lipid-protein interactions that are necessary for the internalization of pathogens to host cells are some examples of the importance of lipids and lipid metabolism in the development of infections.
Contents:
Intro
Preface
Contents
About the Series Editor-in-Chief
About the Volume Editor
Contributors
Part I: Lipids, Membranes, Infection, and Immunity
1 Lipid Rafts in Bacteria: Structure and Function
1 Introduction
2 Structure of Lipid Rafts
2.1 Methods
2.2 Composition
3 Functions of Lipid Rafts
3.1 Defining Membrane Physical Properties
3.2 Protein Partitioning
3.3 Selected Examples
3.3.1 Vibrio cholera and Cholera
3.3.2 Borrelia burgdorferi
3.3.3 Staphylococcus aureus
4 Research Needs and Conclusions
References 2 Lipids of Clinically Significant Mycobacteria
1 Introduction
1.1 Mycobacterial Pathogens
1.2 Mycobacterial Lipids
2 Mycolic Acids (MAs) and Conjugates
2.1 Mycolic Acids (MAs)
2.2 Trehalose Mono- and Dimycolates (TMMs and TDMs)
2.3 Other Mycolic Acid Esters
2.3.1 Glucose Monomycolates (GMMs)
2.3.2 Monomycoloyl Glycerols (MMGs, GroMMs)
2.3.3 Mono- and Dimycoloyl Diarabinoglycerols (MMAGs, DMAGs)
2.3.4 Mycenyl Mycolate Ester Waxes (MEWs)
3 Multimethyl-Branched and Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Esters of Trehalose 2.1 Synthesis of TAG and WE
2.2 Proteins with Roles in the Organization of LBs
2.3 LB Turnover
3 Metabolic Significance of TAG LB Accumulation
3.1 TAG Formation During Growth
3.2 TAG Accumulation in Slow/Non-growing Mtb
3.3 Accumulation of TAG Is Not the Sole Factor Resulting in Growth Restriction
4 The Significance of LB Accumulation in the Pathogenesis of TB
4.1 Establishment of Infection
4.2 Persistence During Latent Infection
4.3 Reactivation of Progressive Infection and Active Disease
5 The Clinical Significance of Mtb LBs 3.1 Di-, Tri-, and Pentaacyl Trehaloses (DATs, TATs, and PATs)
3.2 Sulfoglycolipids (SGLs)
3.3 Trehalose Polyphleates (TPPs)
3.4 Glycosylated Acylated Trehaloses (Lipooligosaccharides, LOSs)
4 Mycobacterial Waxes
4.1 Triacylglycerols (TAGs)
4.2 Phthiocerol Dimycocerosates (PDIMs)
5 Glycosyl Phenolphthiocerol Dimycocerosates (Phenolic Glycolipids, PGLs)
6 Glycopeptidolipids (GPLs) and Peptidolipids (PLs)
7 Isoprenoid Lipids
7.1 Isoprenoid Quinones
7.2 Isoprenoid Pigments
7.3 Isoprenoid Lipid Carriers
7.4 Halimane Diterpenoids 8 Polar Lipids and Related Lipoglycans
8.1 Polar Phospholipids, Glycolipids, and Ornithine Lipids
8.2 Phosphatidylinositol Mannosides (PIMs)
9 Other Lipophilic Molecules
9.1 Mycobactins
9.2 Mycolactones
9.3 Mycoketides
9.4 Polymethylated Polysaccharides (PMPS)
10 Conclusions
11 Research Needs
References
3 Mycobacterial Lipid Bodies and the Chemosensitivity and Transmission of Tuberculosis
1 Introduction
1.1 Occurrence and Composition of Lipid Bodies
1.2 Mycobacterial Lipid Bodies
2 TAG Synthesis, LB Assembly, and Assimilation