BookJorge Belinha, Maria-Cristina Manzanares-Céspedes, António M.G. Completo, editors.
Summary: This book offers a timely snapshot of computational methods applied to the study of bone tissue. The bone, a living tissue undergoing constant changes, responds to chemical and mechanical stimuli in order to maximize its mechanical performance. Merging perspectives from the biomedical and the engineering science fields, the book offers some insights into the overall behavior of this complex biological tissue. It covers three main areas: biological characterization of bone tissue, bone remodeling algorithms, and numerical simulation of bone tissue and adjacent structures. Written by clinicians and researchers, and including both review chapters and original research, the book offers an overview of the state-of-the-art in computational mechanics of bone tissue, as well as a good balance of biological and engineering methods for bone tissue analysis. An up-to-date resource for mechanical and biomedical engineers seeking new ideas, it also promotes interdisciplinary collaborations to advance research in the field. -- Provided by publisher.
Contents:
Intro
Preface
Acknowledgements
Contents
Contributors
Biological Characterization of Bone Tissue
Bone: Functions, Structure and Physiology
1 Introduction
2 The Complexity Behind Simplicity
2.1 Bone Functions
2.2 Bone Structure and Mechanical Behaviour
2.3 Regulation of Bone Metabolism (Modelling/Remodelling)
2.4 Bone Remodelling and Cell Interchange
2.5 Bone Mechanotransduction
2.6 Mechanotransduction Mechanisms
References
Bone Quality Assessment at the Atomic Scale
1 Introduction
2 Hydroxyapatite
3 Rietveld Refinement Method 3.1 Crystallite Size and Microdeformations: Scherrer Equation and Williamson-Hall Graph
4 Ultrasonometry of the Calcaneus
5 Materials and Methods
5.1 Ethical Aspects
5.2 Materials
5.3 Samples Pre-selection
5.4 Sample Preparation and Characterization
5.5 DRX and Rietveld Method Parameters
6 Results and Discussion
6.1 Ultrasonometry Analysis
6.2 Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM)
6.3 Dispersive Energy Spectroscopy (DES)
6.4 Microhardness (HK)
6.5 X-Ray Diffractometry (XRD) and the Rietveld Method
7 Conclusion
References
Bone Remodelling Algorithms 4 Conclusions and Future Work
References
Mathematical Modelling of Spatio-temporal Cell Dynamics Observed During Bone Remodelling
1 Introduction
2 Numerical Methods
2.1 Finite Element Method
2.2 Meshless Methods
3 New Spatio-temporal Model
3.1 Komarova's Model
3.2 Ayati's Model
3.3 Proposed Model
4 2D Bone Patch Analysis
4.1 Initial Conditions
4.2 Results and Discussion
5 Conclusion
References
A Mechanostatistical Approach to Multiscale Computational Bone Remodelling
1 Introduction
2 Part I: Macroscale FE Model
2.1 Model Construction Dynamic Biochemical and Cellular Models of Bone Physiology: Integrating Remodeling Processes, Tumor Growth, and Therapy
1 Bone Remodeling Physiology
1.1 Healthy Bone Remodeling
1.2 Tumor in the Bone Remodeling Cycle
1.3 Bone Treatments
2 Mathematical Bone Remodeling Local Models
2.1 Healthy Remodeling Dynamics
2.2 Models Including Tumor Burden
2.3 Introducing Treatment
2.4 Models Based on Fractional and Variable Order Derivatives
3 Non-local Models
3.1 Healthy Bone Remodeling
3.2 Models Including the Tumor Burden
3.3 Non-local Treatment Approach Meshless, Bone Remodelling and Bone Regeneration Modelling
1 Introduction
1.1 Bone Regeneration
1.2 Bone Remodelling
1.3 Meshless Methods
2 Bone Remodelling and Regeneration Modelling
2.1 Mechanoregulatory Models
2.2 Bioregulatory Models
2.3 Mechanobioregulatory Models
3 Meshless Methods Applications
3.1 Meshless Methods and Mechanics
3.2 Meshless Methods and Biomechanics
3.3 Meshless Methods and Bone Remodelling
4 Conclusion
References