BookYankai Xia, editor.
Summary: This book offers valuable insights into the latest concepts and findings from epidemiologic, clinical and basic studies in the burgeoning area of early-life environmental exposure and diseases. The book is divided into five parts, starting with an overview of environmental exposure measurement and evaluation, followed by a review of the effects of exposure to various substances like tobacco smoke, pesticides and metals as well as stress on offsprings health. It then discusses the developmental origins of a range of childhood diseases that affect growth, neural development and the immune system, and highlights the importance of longitudinal studies that measure exposure at potentially sensitive time points during childhood. It also provides up-to-date evidence of the intergenerational/transgenerational effects of early-life environmental exposure, especially via genetic and epigenetic pathways. Allowing readers to gain a thorough understanding of the predominating aspects of early-life environmental exposure and diseases, the book also provides a basis for developing environmental and health policies that could have wide and long-term impacts on human health.
Contents:
Intro
Preface
Cover Page
Acknowledgments
Contents
Environmental Exposure Measurements and Evaluations
1 Introduction
2 Internal Exposure Assessment
2.1 Biomarkers
2.2 Biomaterials
3 External Exposure Assessment
4 Analytical Instruments for Environmental Exposure
4.1 Gas Chromatography
4.2 Liquid Chromatography
4.3 Capillary Electrophoresis
4.4 Ultraviolet-Visible Spectroscopy
4.5 Fluorescence Spectroscopy
4.6 Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy
4.7 Atomic Fluorescence Spectroscopy
4.8 Mass Spectrometry 2 Early-Life Tobacco Smoke/Nicotine Exposure and Respiratory Morbidity
2.1 Types of Exposures
2.2 General Overview of Respiratory Morbidity Following Early-Life Tobacco Smoke/Nicotine Exposure
3 Nicotine Is the Primary Determinant of Early-Life Tobacco Smoke Exposure-Mediated Respiratory Morbidity
3.1 Animal Models Used to Study Early-Life Tobacco Smoke/Nicotineś Effects on the Developing Lung
3.2 Critical Window for Tobacco Smoke/Nicotineś Effects on the Developing Lung
3.3 Perinatal Nicotine Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics 3.4 Early-Life Tobacco Smoke/Nicotine Exposure and Potential Long-Term Outcomes on Respiratory Health
3.5 Early-Life Tobacco Smoke/Nicotine Exposure and Offspring Predisposition to Respiratory Infections and Allergic Asthma
3.6 Genes and Signaling Pathways Involved in Early-Life Tobacco Smoke/Nicotine-Induced Lung Phenotype
4 Early-Life Tobacco Smoke/Nicotine Exposure and Offspring Weight
5 Early-Life Tobacco Smoke/Nicotine Exposure and Offspring Neurobehavior
6 Early-Life Tobacco Smoke/Nicotine Exposure and Offspring Diabetes 4.9 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
4.10 Direct-Reading Instruments
4.11 Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry
4.12 Inductively Coupled Plasma Tandem Mass Spectrometry
4.13 Capillary Electrophoresis Tandem Mass Spectrometry
5 Analytical Methods for Environmental Exposure
5.1 Analytical Methods for Organic Chemicals
5.2 Analytical Methods for Inorganic Chemicals
6 From Exposure Measurements to Evaluations: The Use of Models
7 Future Perspective
References
Early-life Tobacco Smoke/Nicotine Exposure and Offspring Health
1 Introduction 7 Early-Life Tobacco Smoke/Nicotine Exposure and Offspring Fertility
8 Early-Life Tobacco Smoke/Nicotine Exposure and the Developing Heart
9 Effects of Prenatal Tobacco Smoke/Nicotine Exposure on Craniofacial Development
10 Effects of E-cig Flavorings on Developing Organs
11 Early-Life Tobacco Smoke/Nicotine Exposure and the Risk of Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS)
12 Early-Life Tobacco Smoke/Nicotine Exposure and Later Risk of Malignancies
13 Perinatal Tobacco Smoke/Nicotine Exposure and Transgenerational Effect