BookMuhammad Sajid Hamid Akash, Kanwal Rehman.
Summary: Recent advances in the pharmaceutical sciences and biotechnology have facilitated the production, design, formulation and use of various types of pharmaceuticals and biopharmaceuticals. This book provides detailed information on the background, basic principles, and components of techniques used for the analysis of pharmaceuticals and biopharmaceuticals. Focusing on those analytical techniques that are most frequently used for pharmaceuticals, it classifies them into three major sections and 19 chapters, each of which discusses a respective technique in detail. Chiefly intended for graduate students in the pharmaceutical sciences, the book will familiarize them with the components, working principles and practical applications of these indispensable analytical techniques.
Contents:
Intro
Contents
About the Authors
1: Introduction to Pharmaceutical Analysis
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Types of Pharmaceutical Analysis
1.2.1 Qualitative Analysis
1.2.2 Quantitative Analysis
1.2.3 Classical Methods for Pharmaceutical Analysis
1.2.3.1 Gravimetry
1.2.3.2 Titrimetry
1.2.3.3 Volumetry
1.2.4 Instrumental Methods for Pharmaceutical Analysis
1.2.4.1 Optical Methods for Pharmaceutical Analysis
Absorption of Radiation Methods for Pharmaceutical Analysis
Emission of Radiation Methods for Pharmaceutical Analysis 1.2.4.2 Chromatographic Methods for Pharmaceutical Analysis
1.2.4.3 Electrochemical Methods for Pharmaceutical Analysis
1.2.5 Radiochemical Methods for Pharmaceutical Analysis
1.2.6 Thermal Methods for Pharmaceutical Analysis
1.3 Where We Do Pharmaceutical Analysis
1.4 Socio-Economic Impact of Pharmaceutical Analysis
1.5 Regulatory Issues for Pharmaceutical Analysis: The Present Situation and Future Trends
1.6 Basic Requirements for Pharmaceutical Analysis
1.7 Terms Used in Analytical Techniques
1.7.1 Analyte
1.7.2 Analytical Blank
1.7.3 Standard Solution 1.7.3.1 Molarity
1.7.3.2 Normality
1.7.3.3 Primary Standard Solution
1.7.3.4 Secondary Standard Solution
1.7.4 Indicators
1.7.5 Calibration of Analytical Method for Pharmaceutical Analysis
1.7.6 Statistical Analysis
1.7.6.1 Errors
1.7.6.2 Types of Errors
Determinate Errors
Instrumental Errors
Personal Errors
Operative Errors
Reagent Errors
Constant Errors
Proportional Errors
Errors in Method
Absolute Error
Relative Error
Indeterminate Errors
Sources of Errors
1.7.6.3 Limit of Detection
1.7.6.4 Limit of Quantification 1.7.6.5 Linearity
1.7.6.6 Range of Method
1.7.6.7 Selectivity
1.7.7 Sensitivity
1.7.8 Accuracy
1.7.9 Precision
1.7.10 Repeatability
1.7.11 Reproducibility
1.7.11.1 Within-Laboratory Reproducibility
1.7.11.2 Between-Laboratory Reproducibility
1.7.11.3 Dilution
1.7.11.4 Analysis of Variance
1.8 Properties of Drug
1.8.1 Physical Properties of Drugs
1.8.2 Chemical Properties of Drugs
1.9 Standard Operating Procedures (SOP)/Protocols
1.10 Applications of Pharmaceutical Analysis
Further Reading
2: Introduction to Spectrophotometric Techniques