BookAjar Nath Yadav, Ali Asghar Rastegari, Vijai Kumar Gupta, Neelam Yadav, editors.
Summary: Our country's cultural legacy is one of the worlds most diverse, drawing millions of visitors every year to our convents and monuments, and to our museums, libraries, concert halls and festivals. In addition, it is a dynamic trigger of economic activity and jobs. Among the various scientific branches, microbial biotechnology offers an innovative and precise approach to the complexity of problems that restorers face in their daily work. This book discusses a range of topics, including the biodiversity of microbial communities from various cultural heritage monuments, microbial biotechnological cleaning techniques, the role of bacterial fungal communities for the conservation of cultural heritage, and microbial enzymes and their potential applications as biorestoration agents. Written by internationally recognized experts, and providing up-to-date and detailed insights into microbial biotechnology approaches to cultural heritage monuments, the book is a valuable resource for biological scientists, especially microbiologists, microbial biotechnologists, biochemists and microbial biotechnologists.
Contents:
Intro
Preface
Acknowledgments
Contents
Editors and Contributors
About the Editors
Contributors
1: Microbial Community Present on the Reverse Side of a Deteriorated Canvas
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Biodeterioration of Paintings
1.3 Microbial Communities in Biodeterioration
1.3.1 Algae and Cyanobacteria
1.3.2 Fungi as Biodeteriogens of Canvas Paintings
1.3.3 Bacteria as Biodeteriogens of Canvas Paintings
1.4 Conclusion and Future Prospects
References
2: Microbial Biocleaning Technologies for Cultural Heritage: Current Status and Future Challenges 2.1 Introduction
2.2 Biocleaning Technologies
2.2.1 Role of Sulphates
2.2.2 Role of Nitrates
2.2.3 Role of Organic Matter
2.3 Chemical Degradation
2.4 Preventive Care
2.5 Cleaning Methods
2.6 Repair and Restoration Techniques
2.6.1 Sistine Chapel
2.7 Conclusion and Future Prospects
References
3: Role of Bacterial Communities to Prevent the Microbial Growth on Cultural Heritage
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Common Organisms Involved in the Biodeterioration
3.3 Type of Damage Identification
3.3.1 Cultural Heritage and Damage Type 3.3.2 Type of Conservation Treatment
3.4 Current Scenario Concerning Use of Microorganisms in Preservation of Cultural Heritage
3.5 Certain Chemical Compounds, Role of Microbes and Literature Available About Managing Them
3.5.1 Microbial CaCO3 for Strength Improvement of Stony Monuments
3.5.2 Microbial CaCO3 for Surface Consolidation
3.5.3 Microbial CaCO3 for Self-healing of Cracks in Concrete
3.6 Control of Biodeteriorating Agents
3.6.1 Preventive Methods
3.6.2 Role of Natural Biocides to Prevent Microbial Growth on Cultural Heritage (Biocontrol Methods) 3.6.3 Biocleaning and Biocidal Methods
3.6.3.1 Organic Matter
3.6.3.2 Nitrates
3.6.4 Routine Maintenance of Buildings
3.6.5 Housekeeping
3.6.6 Documentation of Collections
3.7 Factors Influencing Biodeterioration
3.8 Conclusion and Future Prospects
References
4: Entomogenous Fungi and the Conservation of the Cultural Heritage
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Impendence to Cultural Heritage
4.3 Fungal Mechanisms in Deterioration of Cultural Heritage (Mycodeterioration)
4.3.1 Entomopathogenic Fungi
4.4 Mechanisms Comprising Mycodeterioration of Paintings 4.4.1 Mural Paintings
4.4.2 Canvas Paintings
4.5 Mechanisms Comprising Mycodeterioration of Textual Heritage
4.5.1 Papyrus
4.5.2 Parchment
4.5.3 Paper
4.6 Mechanisms Comprising Mycodeterioration of Fabric
4.6.1 Textiles
4.6.2 Cellulose Fibres
4.6.3 Wool Fibres
4.6.4 Silk Fibres
4.7 Mechanisms Comprising Mycodeterioration of Stone
4.8 Conservation of Cultural Heritage
4.8.1 Mechanical Methods
4.8.1.1 Physical Methods
4.8.1.2 Chemical Methods
4.8.1.3 Biological Methods
4.9 Cleaning Agents
4.9.1 Cleaning Agents for Paper and Painting Heritage
4.9.2 Modern Chemical Agents for the Conservation and Restoration of Cultural Heritage.