BookZhihong Gao, editor.
Summary: This book reviews the current status of P. mume research, highlighting how the new data coming from the release of the P. mume genomes can advance science and help to solve a number of problems facing the P. mume industry. Prunus mume, which was domesticated in China more than 3,000 years ago as an ornamental plant and for its fruit, is one of the first genomes among the Prunus subfamilies of the Rosaceae family that has been sequenced. Combining the P. mume genome with available data, scientists have succeeded in reconstructing nine ancestral chromosomes of the Rosaceae family, as well as the chromosome fusion, fission and duplication history of three major subfamilies. The P. mumegenome sequence adds to our understanding of Rosaceae evolution and provides an important basis for the improvement of fruit trees. This book offers an essential guide for all those who are interested in gene discovery, comparative genomics, molecular breeding and new breeding techniques; and will be particularly useful for scientists, breeders, university students, and public sector institutes that are involved in the P. mume industry and/or Rosaceae research.
Contents:
Intro; Preface to the Series; Preface; Contents; Contributors; Abbreviations; 1 Production and Academic Importance of Prunus mume; Abstract; 1.1 Prunus mume Production in Eastern Asia; 1.2 Medicinal Values of Prunus mume; References; 2 Origin and Evolution of Prunus mume; Abstract; 2.1 Origin of Prunus mume; 2.2 Origin of Prunus mume; 2.3 The Evolution of Prunus mume; 2.4 Conclusions; References; 3 Botanical Description of Prunus mume; Abstract; 3.1 Growth Characteristics; 3.1.1 Tree Characteristics; 3.1.2 Roots; 3.1.3 Buds, Branches and Leaves; 3.1.3.1 Buds; 3.1.3.2 Branches; 3.1.3.3 Leaves 3.2 Fruiting Characteristics3.2.1 Fruiting Branch Types; 3.2.1.1 Water Sprout/Shoot; 3.2.1.2 Long Fruit Branch; 3.2.1.3 Medium Fruit Branch; 3.2.1.4 Short Branch; 3.2.1.5 Ultrashort or Tiny Fruit Branch; 3.2.1.6 Needle Branch; 3.2.2 Flower Dud Differentiation; 3.2.3 Flowering and Fruiting; 3.2.4 Fruit Development; 3.2.5 Fruit Drop; 3.2.5.1 First Fruit Drop; 3.2.5.2 Second Fruit Drop; 3.2.5.3 Third Fruit Drop; 3.3 Phenological Period; 3.3.1 Flowering Period; 3.3.2 Leaf-Opening Period; 3.3.3 Abscission and Dormancy Period; 3.4 Requirements in Terms of External Environmental Conditions 3.4.1 Temperature3.4.2 Precipitation; 3.4.3 Light; 3.4.4 Soil; 3.4.5 Other Environmental Conditions; References; 4 Taxonomy and Germplasm of Prunus mume; Abstract; 4.1 Overview, Criteria and Basis of Classification in Prunus Mume; 4.1.1 Overview of Classification; 4.1.2 Criteria and Basis of Classification; 4.2 Classification of Prunus mume; 4.2.1 Prunus mume Sieb. et Zucc; 4.2.2 Subspecies Group; 4.2.2.1 Prunus mume Sieb. et Zucc. Var. pleiocar Pa Maxim; 4.2.2.2 Prunus Mume Sieb. et Zucc, Var. Pallescens Franch; 4.2.2.3 Prunus mume Sieb. et Zucc. Var. cernua Franch 4.2.2.4 Prunus Mume Sieb. et Zucc. Var. microcarpa Makino4.2.2.5 Prunus mume Sieb. et Zucc. Var. bungo Makino; 4.2.2.6 Prunus mume Sieb. et Zucc. Var. goethartiana Kochne; 4.2.2.7 Prunus mume Sieb. et Zucc. Var. pallidus Bao et Chen; 4.2.2.8 Prunus Mume Sieb. et Zucc. F. sempervirens Bao et Chen; 4.3 Prunus mume Varieties and Excellent Strains; References; 5 The Genome of Prunus mume; Abstract; 5.1 Plant Material; 5.2 Methods; 5.2.1 DNA Preparation and Whole-Genome Shotgun Sequencing; 5.2.2 K-mer Analysis; 5.2.3 Genome Assembly; 5.2.4 Estimation of Heterozygosity Rate 5.2.5 Whole-Genome Mapping5.2.6 Identification of RAD Markers; 5.2.7 Genetic Map Construction and Scaffold Anchoring; 5.2.8 Identification of Repetitive Elements; 5.2.9 Gene Prediction; 5.2.10 RNA-seq Data Generation; 5.2.11 Gene Annotation; 5.2.12 Identification of Noncoding RNA Genes; 5.2.13 Comparative Genome Analysis; 5.2.14 Identification of Duplicate and Syntenic Regions; 5.2.15 Identification of CBF and BEAT Genes; 5.3 Results; 5.3.1 Sequencing and Assembly; 5.3.2 Genome Annotation; 5.3.3 Genome Evolution; 5.3.4 Reconstruction of Ancestral Chromosomes of Rosaceae; 5.3.5 Early Blooming of P. Mume