BookSonia Malik, editor.
Summary: This book highlights the advances in essential oil research, from the plant physiology perspective to large-scale production, including bioanalytical methods and industrial applications. The book is divided into 4 sections. The first one is focused on essential oil composition and why plants produce these compounds that have been used by humans since ancient times. Part 2 presents an update on the use of essential oils in various areas, including food and pharma industries as well as agriculture. In part 3 readers will find new trends in bioanalytical methods. Lastly, part 4 presents a number of approaches to increase essential oil production, such as in vitro and hairy root culture, metabolic engineering and biotechnology. Altogether, this volume offers a comprehensive look at what researchers have been doing over the last years to better understand these compounds and how to explore them for the benefit of the society.
Contents:
Intro; Preface; Acknowledgments; Contents; Contributors; Part I: Essential Oils Composition and Why Plants Produce Them;
Chapter 1: Essential Oils; 1.1 Introduction; 1.2 History of Essential Oils; 1.3 Sources of Essential Oils; 1.4 Chemistry of Essential Oils; 1.4.1 Hydrocarbon; 1.4.2 Terpenes; 1.4.3 Alcohols; 1.4.4 Aldehydes; 1.4.5 Acids; 1.4.6 Esters; 1.4.7 Ketones; 1.4.8 Lactones; 1.5 Methods of Extracting Essential Oils; 1.5.1 Maceration; 1.5.2 Cold Pressing; 1.5.3 Solvent Extraction; 1.5.4 Enfleurage; 1.5.5 Hydrodistillation; 1.5.6 CO2 and Supercritical CO2 Extraction 1.5.7 Turbo Distillation Extraction1.5.8 Steam Distillation; 1.6 Analysis of Essential Oils; 1.6.1 Classical Analytical Techniques; 1.6.2 Modern Analytical Techniques; 1.7 Biological Activities of Essential Oils; 1.7.1 Antibacterial Activity; 1.7.2 Antioxidant Activity; 1.7.3 Anti-Inflammatory Activity; 1.7.4 Cancer Chemoprotective Activity; 1.7.5 Cytotoxicity; 1.7.6 Allelopathic Activity; 1.7.7 Repellent and Insecticidal Activity; 1.8 Applications of Essential Oils; 1.8.1 Pharmacology and Medicinal Uses; 1.8.2 Uses in Veterinary Medicine; 1.8.3 Aromatherapy; 1.8.4 Agricultural Uses 1.8.5 Industrial Uses1.9 Essential Oil and Health Fitness; 1.10 Risks and Dangers of Essential Oils; References;
Chapter 2: Factors Influencing the Production and Chemical Composition of Essential Oils in Aromatic Plants from Brazil; 2.1 Introduction; 2.2 Medicinal and Aromatic Plants; 2.3 Essential Oils: Methods of Extraction and Identification; 2.4 Influence of Genetic, Epigenetic, Abiotic, and Biotic Factors on the Production and Chemical Composition of Essential Oils; 2.4.1 Genetic Diversity; 2.4.2 Mineral Nutrition; 2.4.2.1 Biosolids and Plant Growth 2.4.3 Water Stress and Aromatic Species2.4.4 Allelopathy and Aromatic Species; 2.4.5 Seasonality and Edaphoclimatic Factors; 2.5 Biological Activity of the Essential Oil and Isolated Substances; 2.6 Conclusions; References;
Chapter 3: Hedychium Essential Oils: Composition and Uses; 3.1 Introduction; 3.2 Chemical Constituents of Hedychium Essential Oils; 3.3 Antimicrobial Activities; 3.4 Conclusions; References;
Chapter 4: The Essential Oils of the Burseraceae; 4.1 Introduction: Overview of the Burseraceae; 4.2 Tribe Bursereae; 4.2.1 The Genus Bursera; 4.2.2 The Genus Boswellia 4.2.2.1 Traditional Uses of Boswellia4.2.2.2 Ecology of Boswellia; 4.2.2.3 Chemical Ecology of Boswellia; 4.2.3 The Genus Commiphora; 4.2.3.1 Traditional Uses of Commiphora; 4.2.4 The Genus Aucoumea; 4.3 Tribe Canarieae; 4.3.1 The Genus Canarium; 4.3.2 The Genus Dacryodes; 4.3.3 The Genus Santiria; 4.3.4 The Genus Trattinnickia; 4.4 Tribe Protieae; 4.4.1 The Genus Protium; 4.5 Summary and Conclusions; References; Part II: Uses of Essential Oils in Various Industries;
Chapter 5: Essential Oil of Betel Leaf (Piper betle L.): A Novel Addition to the World Food Sector; 5.1 Introduction; 5.2 Origin, Taxonomy, and Nomenclature of Betel Leaf (Piper betle L.).