BookSarah E. Nelson, Paul A. Nyquist, editors.
Contents:
Intro
Preface
Series Editor Introduction
Contents
Contributors
Part I: Pathways for Intervention
1: Management of Elevated Intracranial Pressure
Introduction
Intracranial Anatomy and Physiology
Anatomy
Physiology
Diagnosis of Elevated ICP
Clinical Symptoms
Physical Examination Findings and Herniation Syndromes
Causes of Increased ICP
Algorithm for Management of ICP
Monitoring ICP
Patient Triage and Flow
Individual Methods for ICP Control
Head Positioning
Hyperventilation
Osmolar Therapy
Sedation
Seizure Control Hypothermia
Decompressive Craniectomy
Barbiturates
Steroids
Paralysis
Conclusions
References
2: Emergent Treatment of Status Epilepticus
Definitions and Epidemiology
Etiology
SE Patients: Triage to the Neurointensive Care Unit
Diagnostic Workup
General
EEG
Imaging
Management of SE
Initial SE Management
Refractory SE and Super-refractory SE
SE Pharmacology
Complications of SE
In-Hospital Decision-Making
SE Outcomes and Discharge Destinations
Clinical Outcomes
Prognostic Scores
Conclusion
References 3: Acute Airway Management and Ventilation in the Neurocritical Care Unit
Introduction
The Decision to Intubate
Acute Airway Management
Assessing Difficulty
Initial Management
Pharmacotherapy for Airway Management
Induction Agents
Neuromuscular Blockade
Mechanical Ventilation
Volume Versus Pressure Control
Ventilatory Modes
Airway Concerns in Specific Neurologic Conditions
Cervical Spine Injury
Traumatic Brain Injury
Acute Stroke
Status Epilepticus
Neuromuscular Disorders
Extubation and Tracheostomy
References 4: Cardiac Complications in Neurocritical Care Patients
Introduction
Hypertension
Cardiomyopathy
Shock
Cardiogenic Shock
Septic Shock
Neurogenic Shock
Hemorrhagic Shock
Myocardial Infarction
STEMI
NSTEMI
EKG Abnormalities and Arrhythmias
EKG Abnormalities
Arrhythmias
Cardiac Arrest
Pharmacology
References
5: Therapeutic Hypothermia in Neurocritical Care
History of TH
Therapeutic Hypothermia: Definitions and Mechanism
Definitions
Mechanism
Indications for Therapeutic Hypothermia Induced Normothermia for Fever Prevention in Neurocritical Care
Critical Care Management During Therapeutic Hypothermia
Monitoring Temperature
Induction of TH
Maintenance of TH
Rewarming
Adverse Effects of TH
Conclusion
References
6: Pharmacological Challenges in Neurocritical Care
Introduction
Principles of Pharmacokinetic Changes in Adult Critically Ill Patients
Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, Elimination (ADME)
Renal Replacement Therapy (RRT)
Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO)
Plasmapheresis
Obesity
Therapeutic Classes