BookYorimasa Ogata, editor.
Summary: In this book, leading experts from around the world present the latest knowledge on the risk factors for peri-implant diseases and also examine the prevalence, etiology, and treatment strategy. Reports have suggested that a variety of risk factors, including poor oral hygiene, a history of periodontitis, diabetes, smoking, lack of keratinized mucosa, and implant surface topography, are associated with these diseases. Periodontally compromised patients who do not adhere completely to the supportive periodontal therapy have been found to present a higher implant failure rate, and several studies have shown that periodontal pathogens can translocate from periodontally involved teeth to the peri-implant sulci in partially dentate patients, highlighting the importance of periodontal treatment of the residual dentition prior to placement of dental implants. Recently a new concept was proposed as intraindividual variation exists in core microbiota in peri-implantitis and periodontitis. In elucidating the strength of association of peri-implant diseases with all of the risk factors identified to date, the book will be of interest to practitioners and other professionals in the field.
Contents:
Intro
Acknowledgments
Contents
Prevalence and Etiology for Peri-implant Diseases
Introduction
Prevalence of Peri-implant Mucositis and Peri-implantitis
Risk Factors/Indicators for Peri-implant Diseases
Poor Oral Hygiene/History of Periodontitis/Lack of Compliance with Regular Maintenance Therapy
Smoking
Diabetes Mellitus
Materials and Surface Characteristics of Implant Components [29-32]
Design of Implant-Supported Prostheses
Keratinized Mucosa
Excess Cement
Genetic Factors
Occlusal Overload
Pathogenesis of Peri-implant Diseases Structure and Composition of Periodontium and Peri-implant Tissue
Conclusion
References
Polymicrobial Peri-Implant Infection
Polymicrobial Infection and the Human Oral Cavity as a Space for Microbial Colonization
Bacteriological History of Periodontitis
Bacteriological History of Peri-Implant Infection
An Example of Investigating Bacterial Interaction at Peri-Implantitis Sites
Future Perspectives of Polymicrobial Peri-Implant Infection
References
Microbiological Factors of Peri-Implantitis: Methodologies for Biofilm Analysis
Section 1: Detection Methods Conventional Methods
Microscopy
Culture-Dependent Methods
Molecular Methods
Close-Ended Methods
PCR
Real Time-PCR (Quantitative PCR-qPCR)
Nested PCR
Multiplex PCR
Reverse Transcriptase PCR (RT-PCR)
Hybridization Approaches
The Checkerboard DNA-DNA Hybridization
Fluorescent In-situ Hybridizations (FISH)
Open-Ended Methods (Microbiome Strategies)
Targeted Microbiome Strategies
16S rRNA Gene Sequencing
Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) Sequencing
Technologies Used for 16S rRNA Gene Surveys in Peri-Implantitis Sanger Sequencing (Chain Terminating Sequencing)
Pyrosequencing
Illumina
Section 2: Functional Methods
Shotgun Metagenomics
Metatranscriptomics
Metaproteomics
Metabolomics
Conclusion
References
Microbiological Factors of Peri-Implantitis: Characteristics and Significance
Introduction
Healthy Implants vs Healthy Natural Teeth
Peri-Implant Mucositis vs Gingivitis
Periodontitis vs Peri-Implantitis
Disease Progression in Dental Implants
Microbiological Factors Related to Dental Implant Structure
Peri-Implant Sulcus Implant Abutment Connection and Interface
Dental Implant Surface
Summary
References
Association of Periodontitis and Biologic Implant Complications
Introduction
Associations Between Periodontitis and Peri-Implant Disease
Indirect Assessments: Implant Survival, Implant Success, and Marginal Bone Loss
Direct Assessment: History of Periodontitis and Peri-Implantitis
How Does Periodontitis Increase Risk of Biological Implant Complication?
Periodontitis and Peri-Implantitis: Common Microflora?
Periodontitis and Peri-Implantitis: Host Inflammatory Driven