BookShahzad G. Raja, editor.
Contents:
Intro
Preface
Contents
Part I: Perioperative Care and Cardiopulmonary Bypass
1: Cardiac Catheterization
History of Cardiac Catheterization
Invasive Diagnostic Coronary Angiography
Indications
Pre-procedure Preparation
Technical Aspects of the Procedure
Access
Pharmacology
Catheter Selection and Manipulation
Angiographic Views
Post-procedure Care
Sheath Removal and Closure Devices
Coronary Angiogram Analysis
Complications
Right Heart Catheterization
Indications
Procedure
Complications
Interpreting Haemodynamics
Right Atrium Right Ventricle
Pulmonary Artery
Pulmonary Capillary Wedge Pressure
Conclusion
References
2: Fractional Flow Reserve
Introduction
Definitions
How Was This Cut-Off Decided?
FFR Compared to Other Non-invasive Diagnostic Techniques
Limitations of Pressure Wire Measurements
Intravascular Ultrasound and FFR
Assessing Left Main Stem Stenosis Using FFR
FFR Use Pre Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting
Main Outcome Studies with FFR
DEFER Trial [24]
FAME Trial [9]
FAME 2 Trial [10]
COMPARE ACUTE Trial [27]
Instantaneous Wave-Free Pressure Ratio (iFR) Conclusions
References
3: Echocardiography
Introduction
Essential Ultrasound Theory for Echocardiography
Modalities of Echocardiography
Assessment of Myocardial Function
Left Ventricular Systolic Function
Changes in Volumes/Dimensions
Indices of Global Contractility
Systolic Strain
Regional Contractile Function
Right Ventricular Systolic Function
Diastolic Function
Assessment of Valve Pathology
Aortic Stenosis
Aortic Regurgitation
Mitral Stenosis
Mitral Regurgitation
Tricuspid Valve Assessment
Pulmonary Valve Assessment Infective Endocarditis
Echo Findings in Endocarditis
Pericardial Disease
Masses
Contrast Echocardiography
Stress Echocardiography
Stress Echo for Coronary Artery Disease
Stress Echo for Aortic Stenosis
Stress Echo for Mitral Regurgitation
Other Indications for Stress Echocardiography
Transesophageal Echocardiography (TEE)
Pre-operative TEE
Intraoperative TEE
Conclusions
References
4: Cardiac Computed Tomography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Introduction
Technology
Computed Tomography (CT)
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) Clinical Applications of CT and MRI
Coronary Artery Disease
Myocardial Ischaemia
Myocardial Viability
Heart Failure and Cardiomyopathies
Valvular Heart Disease
Congenital Heart Disease
Pericardial Diseases
Cardiac Tumours
Aortic Diseases
Post-surgical Patient
Conclusion
References
5: Assessment of Myocardial Viability
Introduction
Assessment of Myocardial Viability
Electrocardiogram (ECG)
Baseline 2D Echocardiography
Dobutamine Stress Echocardiography
Single Photon Emission Computerized Tomography (SPECT)