BookCharles M. Balch, Michael B. Atkins, Claus Garbe, Jeffrey E. Gershenwald, Allan C. Halpern, John M. Kirkwood, Grant A. McArthur, John F. Thompson, Arthur J. Sober, editors.
Contents:
Intro
Preface to the Sixth Edition
Acknowledgments
Contents
Editorial Board
Contributors
Part I: Biology and Immunology of Melanoma
Biology of Melanocytes and Primary Melanoma
Introduction
Development of Melanoblasts
Regulation of Specification
Regulation of Migration
Regulation of Survival and Proliferation
Differentiation of Melanocytes
Regulation of Differentiation
Regulation of Survival
Melanomagenesis
From Melanocyte to Melanoma: A Multistep Process
Molecular Genetics: Early Lessons from Familial and Sporadic Melanoma Melanoma: A Consequence of Homeostatic Disruption
Melanoma: Cell of Origin
Melanoma and the Environment
Sun Exposure and Epidemiology
Photobiology and Melanoma
Conclusion
References
Immunology of Melanoma
Innate Immunity
Adaptive Immunity
Immune Regulation and Tolerance
Co-stimulatory/Co-inhibitory Receptors
B7-CD28 Family
TNFR Family
TIM Family
Regulatory T Cells
Cytokines
Animal Tumor Models
Antigens Recognized by Tumor-Reactive T Cells
Identification of Tumor Antigens Recognized by T Cells: General Principles
Cancer Germline Antigens Tissue-Specific Differentiation Antigens
Overexpressed Gene Products
Melanoma Neoantigens
Conclusions: Implications for Immunotherapy
Cross-References
References
Biomarkers for Melanoma
Biomarker Definition and Use
Definition of Cancer Biomarkers
Differential Utilization of Cancer Biomarkers
Biomarker Use in Melanoma
Biomarker Discovery and Validation
Biomarker Discovery
Biomarker Validation
Tumor Tissue-Based Markers
Diagnostic Markers for Primary Melanoma
FISH-Based Diagnostic Assays for Melanoma Gene Expression Profiling of Melanocytic Neoplasms
Immunohistochemical Analysis in the Diagnosis of Melanocytic Neoplasms
Prognostic Markers for Primary Melanoma
Gene Expression Profiling of Melanoma Prognostic Markers
IHC Analysis of Melanoma Prognostic Markers
Tumor Environment-Based Non-soluble Biomarkers
Tumor-Initiating Cells
Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition
Epigenetic Changes
Immune Escape Mechanisms
Soluble Biomarkers
Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH)
S100B
Other Serum Biomarkers (CRP, FGF, IL-8, MIA, SAA, VEGF, YKL-40)
Circulating Tumor Cells (CTCs) Circulating Tumor DNA (ctDNA)
Circulating MicroRNA (miRNA)
Circulating Immune Cells
Treatment-Associated Biomarkers
Serum Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH)
Burden of Metastatic Disease
Body Mass Index (BMI)
Molecular Features Associated with Outcome on BRAF Inhibitor-Based Therapy
References
Part II: Diagnosis and Staging
Clinical Presentations of Melanoma
Introduction
Patterns of Presentation
Clinical Assessment
Patient History
Personal History of Skin Cancer
Family History
Phototype and Sun Exposure
Signs and Symptoms
Physical Examination