BookReiko Kishi, Philippe Grandjean, editors.
Contents:
Intro
Preface
Acknowledgements
Contents
Part I: Introduction
Chapter 1: Impacts of Developmental Exposure to Environmental Chemicals on Human Health with Global Perspectives
1.1 The Minamata Disaster
1.2 Outbreak of the Second Minamata Disease (Niigata-Minamata Disease)
1.3 Pathological Differences Between Adults and Children
1.4 Impact of Fetal Minamata Disease: Why Are Fetuses and Children Vulnerable to Environmental Exposure?
1.5 Special Measures Act for Relief of Health Damage Related to Pollution 1.6 What Should We Learn from the History of Minamata Disease?
1.7 Yusho Outbreak (Kanemi Rice-Bran Oil Incident)
1.8 Authentic Birth Cohort Studies
1.9 "Our Stolen Future" Widens the Perspective
1.10 Full-Scale Birth Cohort Studies Launched in Japan from 2001 and 2002
1.10.1 The First Prospective Cohorts in Japan
1.10.2 Endocrine Disruptions Caused in Utero
1.11 The Twenty-First Century is the Era of Birth Cohort Studies
1.12 Environment and DOHaD Paradigm
References Part II: Adverse Health Effects on Human Developing Organs Caused by Environmental Chemicals-the Role That Chemicals Might Play
Chapter 2: Environmental Exposures and Adverse Pregnancy-Related Outcomes
2.1 Adverse Pregnancy-Related Outcomes Overview
2.2 Definitions of Adverse Pregnancy-Related Outcomes
2.2.1 Miscarriage/Stillbirth
2.2.2 Preterm Birth (PTB)
2.2.3 Low Birth Weight (LBW)
2.2.4 Small for Gestational Age (SGA)
2.3 Risk Factors
2.3.1 Outdoor Air Pollution
2.3.2 Heavy Metals
2.3.3 Organochlorine Compounds 2.3.4 Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS)
2.3.5 Polybrominated Diphenyl Esters (PBDEs)
2.3.6 Organophosphate Pesticides and Pyrethroid
2.3.7 Phthalates
2.3.8 Bisphenol A
2.4 Health Issues of Adverse Birth Outcomes
2.5 Summary
References
Chapter 3: Effects of Environmental Chemical Exposure on Birth Defects (Except Cryptorchidism and Hypospadias)
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Trends in the Prevalence of Birth Defects
3.3 Causes of Birth Defects
3.4 Mechanisms Associated with Birth Defects
3.5 Exposure to High Levels of Environmental Chemicals and Birth Defects 3.6 Exposure to Low Levels of Environmental Chemicals and Birth Defects
3.6.1 Dioxins, Dioxin-Like Compounds, and Pesticides
3.6.2 Perfluorinated Compounds
3.6.3 Organic Solvents
3.6.4 Air Pollutants
3.6.5 Nitro Compounds
3.6.6 Summary of Previous Epidemiological Studies
3.7 Future Epidemiological Studies
3.8 Conclusions
References
Chapter 4: Cryptorchidism and Hypospadias
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Cryptorchidism
4.3 Hypospadias
4.4 Lifestyles
4.4.1 Diet
4.5 Smoking/Alcohol
4.6 Effect of Environmental Chemicals
4.6.1 Phthalates
4.6.2 Organochlorine Pesticides (OCPs)