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  • Book
    Jean-Marie Lachappelle, Howard I. Maibach, editors.
    Summary: This third edition of the essential guide has been extensively revised and updated and includes additional color illustrations. It reflects the rapid expansion in knowledge of the subject due to progress in the chemical, immunological, and clinical fields.

    Contents:
    Intro
    Preface to Fourth Edition
    Introductory Remarks
    Nomenclature: A Few Definitions
    Xenobiotics
    Haptens
    Modifications of Molecules [3]
    An Updated Overview of the Skin Barrier Structure and Function
    References
    Contents
    Contributors
    Abbreviations
    Part I: Patch Testing
    Chapter 1: Pathophysiology of Allergic and Irritant Contact Dermatitis
    1.1 Introduction
    1.2 Pathophysiology of Irritant and Allergic Skin Inflammation
    1.2.1 Irritant and/or Allergic Chemicals
    1.2.2 Skin Irritation: Activation of Innate Immunity
    1.2.2.1 Innate Immunity 1.2.2.2 Skin Irritation: Mechanisms of Action
    1.2.2.3 Direct Responsibility of the Chemical in ICD
    1.3 Skin Allergy: The Role of Specific Immunity
    1.3.1 Antigen-Specific Immunity
    1.3.2 Skin Allergy: Mechanisms of Action
    1.3.3 Indirect Responsibility of Chemicals in Skin Irritation
    1.4 Pathophysiology of Skin Inflammation: The Connection Between Innate and Acquired Immunity
    References
    Chapter 2: Diseases for Which Patch Testing Is Recommended: Patients Who Should Be Investigated
    2.1 Allergic Contact Dermatitis
    2.1.1 Clinical Signs and Symptoms 2.1.2 Histopathological Features
    2.1.2.1 Epidermal Lesions
    2.1.2.2 Dermal Changes
    2.2 Allergic Contact Dermatitis Syndrome
    2.2.1 Stage 1 of ACDS
    2.2.1.1 Morphological Aspects
    2.2.1.2 Topographical Variants
    2.2.2 Stage 2 of ACDS
    2.2.3 Stage 3 of ACDS
    2.2.3.1 Stage 3A of ACDS
    2.2.3.2 Stage 3B of ACDS
    2.3 Allergic Contact Dermatitis Versus Irritant Contact Dermatitis: Criteria for Differential Diagnosis
    2.4 Other Skin Diseases in Which Patch Testing Is of Major Interest
    2.5 Algorithmic Approach: Key Role of Patch Testing 2.6 Hand Dermatitis: Definition and Procedures Applied in Differential Diagnosis
    2.6.1 Hand Dermatitis: Exogenous and Endogenous Factors
    2.6.2 A Classification of Hand Dermatitis
    2.6.3 Tools of Investigation
    2.6.4 Hand Dermatitis: Some Examples of an Algorithmic Approach
    2.6.5 Hand Eczema: A Controversial Issue
    References
    Chapter 3: Patch Testing Methodology
    3.1 Historical Background
    3.2 Definition and Aims
    3.2.1 Requirements for an Ideal Patch Testing Procedure
    3.2.2 Is Patch Testing the "Gold Standard" to Investigate Patients with Allergic Contact Dermatitis? 3.3 Patch Test Units
    3.3.1 Nonchamber Patch Tests
    3.3.2 Chamber Patch Tests
    3.3.2.1 Finn Chambers
    3.3.3 Plastic Square Chambers
    3.3.3.1 IQ Square Chambers Chemotechnique
    3.3.3.2 allergEAZE Chambers SmartPractice
    3.3.3.3 allergEAZE Patch Test Chamber
    3.3.3.4 allergEAZE Clear Patch Test Chamber
    3.3.4 Reinforcement of Patch Test Units
    3.4 A General Overview of Allergens
    3.4.1 Allergens
    3.4.2 Bioavailability of Allergens
    3.4.3 Quality Control of Allergens
    3.4.4 Appropriate Amounts of Petrolatum to Be Applied at Patch Testing
    Digital Access Springer 2020