Principles of acid-base physiology -- Tools to use to diagnose acid-base disorders -- Metabolic acidosis : clinical approach -- Metabolic acidosis caused by a deficit of NaHCO3 -- Ketoacidosis -- Metabolic acidosis : acid gain types -- Metabolic alkalosis -- Respiratory acid-base disturbances -- Sodium and water physiology -- Hyponatremia -- Hypernatremia -- Polyuria -- Potassium physiology -- Hypokalemia -- Hyperkalemia -- Hyperglycemia.