BookParakrama T. Chandrasoma.
Summary: GERD: A New Understanding of Pathology, Pathophysiology, and Treatment transforms the assessment of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) from its present state, which is largely dependent on clinical definition and management, to a more objective scientific basis that depends on pathologic assessment. Sequential chapters in this single-author book describe the fetal development of the esophagus, the normal adult state, and the way exposure to gastric juice causes epithelial and lower esophageal sphincter damage at a cellular level. It allows recognition of the pathologic manifestations of lower esophageal sphincter damage and develops new histopathologic criteria for quantitating such damage. This understanding provides new pathologic criteria for definition and diagnosis of GERD from its earliest cellular stage. Algorithms based on measurement of sphincter damage can identify, even before the onset of clinical GERD, persons who will never develop GERD during life, those who develop GERD but remain with mild and easily controlled disease, and those who will progress to severe GERD with failure to control symptoms, Barrett esophagus and adenocarcinoma. Aggressive early intervention in the last group with the objective of preventing disease progression to its end points of uncontrolled symptoms and adenocarcinoma becomes feasible.
Contents:
Definition of gastroesophageal reflux disease
Present diagnosis and management of gastroesophageal and reflux disease
Fetal and postnatal development of the esophagus and proximal stomach
Histologic definition and diagnosis of epithelia in the esophagus and proximal stomach
Definition of the normal state
Definition of the gastroesophageal junction
The normal lower esophageal sphincter
The pathogenesis of early GERD
Correlation of LES damage and GERD
The effect of damage to the abdominal segement of the LES
Columnar-lined esophagus
Esophageal adenocarcinoma
Progression of GERD at the clinical level
Progression of GERD at a pathological level
Molecular evolution of esophageal epithelial metaplasia
Progression of GERD from the perspective of LES damage
New pathologic test of LES damage
New method of functional assessment of the LES
Prediction of future progression of LES damage
Proof of cencept of the new diagnostic method
Application of the new method to present and future management of GERD.