Bookedited by Zahid Amin, Jonathan M. Tobis, Horst Sievert, John D. Carroll.
Contents:
SECTION I: BACKGROUND AND ANATOMY
Historical perspective and importance of PFO
Embryology, Neonatal Circulation and Anatomy of PFO
Anatomical variations of Patent Foramen Ovale
Aging and Patent Foramen Ovale
SECTION II: METHODS AND TECHNIQUES FOR DETECTION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF PFO
Echocardiographic detection and transcranial Doppler quantification of right-to-left shunting.
ICE: intra-procedural evaluation and guidance during closure of PFO
A Comparison of Methods to Detect and Quantitative PFO: TCD, TTE, ICE and TEE
Angiographic evaluation for PFO and Pulmonary AVMs
SECTION III: PFO AND CLINICAL SYNDROMES
An Overview of Clinical Syndromes (Keeping The Heart In Mind)
The Association of Patent Foramen Ovale and Migraine Headache
Current Patient Management Issues, Clinical Trial Design Challenges, and the Pathway Forward
Patent foramen ovale and divers
Orthodeoxia and Platypnea
Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Patent Foramen Ovale
PFO and Various Types of Surgery
When a PFO is Discovered Incidentally
SECTION IV: CLOSURE METHODS
The GORE Septal Occluder
The novel PFO specific closure devices: Why did they fail?
Optimal device for children and closure indications in pediatric population
Occlutech, PFM, Lifetech, and other new devices. What?s on the horizon?
Complications of PFO Closure
SECTION V: STATISTICAL METHODS, TRIALS AND TRIBULATIONS
Device Closure of Patent Foramen Ovale or Medical Therapy for Cryptogenic Stroke: The CLOSURE I Trial
The Gore REDUCE Clinical Study
The PC Trial: An Effective Treatment Not Demonstrating Effective Power
From FDAs point of view: What is needed to move PFO closure for stroke prevention forward?
The Medical Device Manufacturer?s Perspective ? W.L. Gore & Associates, Inc
PFO-Patient?s Perspective
Clinical Trials to Assess the Relationship between Patent Foramen Ovale and Migraine Headaches
Do We Need More PFO Trials: Hypercoaguable Syndromes, Obstructive Sleep Apnea, and Arrhythmias
SECTION VI: DIFFICULTIES/OBSTACLES IN STARTING PFO CLOSURE PRACTICE
Obstacles in Starting a PFO Closure Program. How I Did It
Developing a successful integrated PFO closure program.