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  • Book
    George A.W. Bruyn, editor.
    Summary: This book answers questions about the critical role of ultrasound in the management of patients with Sjogrens syndrome. It also covers developments rheumatologists can foresee in performing a biopsy of the parotid gland. Each chapter is authored by experts on this condition, emphasizing the extent of current understanding and dealing with unanswered challenges and pitfalls. Topics such as modern imaging techniques like ultrasound and MRI and their importance are given particular focus in this book; practitioners are increasingly using imaging techniques to refine diagnosis and guide clinical management. Additionally, as a significant emerging point of interest in the field, biopsy of the major salivary glands, particularly ultrasound-guided procedures, receives extra attention within the text. The book also includes a chapter that deals with future directions and will also review the challenges patients face with unmanaged Sjogrens syndrome. Comprehensive and concise, Sjogrens Syndrome and the Salivary Glands provides a balanced overview between the chapters and ensure homogeneity of the terminology.

    Contents:
    Introduction
    Epidemiology of Sjogrens syndrome
    The variable clinical presentation of Sjogrens syndrome
    Diagnostic and classification criteria of Sjogrens syndrome
    On the complex pathogenesis of Sjogrens syndrome: epigenetics and epithelial cells
    On the complex pathogenesis of Sjogrens syndrome: environmental factors and cells of the innate and adaptive immune system
    Juvenile Sjogrens syndrome
    Anatomy and histology of the salivary glands
    Sonoanatomy of the major salivary glands
    Imaging of Sjogrens syndrome, with special reference to ultrasound
    Towards a scientific validation of ultrasound for Sjogrens syndrome
    Ultrasonographic scoring systems a systematic review
    Biopsy of the minor salivary glands in Sjogrens syndrome
    Biopsy of the major salivary glands in Sjogrens syndrome, with special reference to B cell proliferation.
    Digital Access Springer 2022
  • Article
    Haneberg B, Wesenberg F, Aarskog D.
    Scand J Immunol. 1978;8(1):9-13.
    A simple technique requiring only 0.2 ml whole blood for measuring the response of lymphocytes in cultures to each of various mitogens and antigens has been elaborated. The response is quantified by comparing the number of lymphocytes with and without a stimulating agent. The increment of cell numbers is given by a cell multiplication index. In healthy subjects PHA induced almost a doubling of the cell numbers in 3 days, i.e. an index of 1.90 +/- 0.38. After 7 days the indexes for PHA, PWM and Con A were 7.25 +/- 4.12, 2.72 +/- 0.65 and 1.81 +/- 0.31, respectively. PPD and Candida-extract induced cell multiplication in skin positive individuals, with indexes ranging from 1.12 to 3.05. In contrast, patients with various severe immune deficiencies showed decreased responses to at least one mitogen, depending on the type of the deficiency. Likewise, skin test negative individuals had no or faint in vitro response to the antigens. The method, which correlated well with the response by a conventional method for incorporation of tritiated thymidine, has a high degree of precision and sensitivity, and should be applicable for routine use.
    Digital Access Access Options