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  • Book
    Sabu Thomas, editor.
    Summary: The human microbiome refers to the complete microorganisms inhabiting the human body sites including skin, ear, nose, oral cavity, the genital, gastrointestinal and respiratory tracts, and body fluids such as breast milk, saliva, and urine. It is a significant and essential organ recognized for the body and has an established involvement in the host wellbeing, in terms of nutritional requirements and immunomodulation. This book talks about how alteration and imbalance in the same can have clinical implications associated with a multitude of gastrointestinal, lifestyle-associated, and neurodegenerative disorders. How the proliferation of specific groups of bacteria and their metabolic activities, as a result of intestinal dysbiosis leads to the 'leaky gut' condition thereby influences brain activity via the bidirectional gut-brain axis. It also coves the importance of microbial seeding and how it can be influenced by the mode of delivery, nutrition, and medication. This book also provides various therapeutic interventions such as the establishment of stool banks and Faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) that have recently proved promising in the treatment of ASD, Inflammatory Bowel Disease, and Ulcerative Colitis. This book provides a deeper understanding of the development of the human gut microbiome and the factors driving its dysbiosis. This book is a valuable read for health professionals, medical students, nutritionists, and scientific research communities who are eager to update themselves with recent trends in microbiome research. It will also aid gastroenterologists and nutritionists to make well-informed choices regarding therapeutic regimes.

    Contents:
    1 Human Microbiome: Implication of Age and External factors
    2 Oral Microbiome: An Opening to Healthy Possibilities
    3 Emerging role of gut microbiota in functional gastrointestinal disorders
    4 The Human Gut Microbiota and Gastrointestinal Cancer: Current Status and Therapeutic Perspectives
    5 Genetic and Epigenetic Regulation by Gut Microbe-Modulated Metabolites in Chronic Metabolic Diseases
    6 Gut Microbiota Related Clinical Events and Therapeutic Interventions in Alcohol Associated Liver Disease
    7 Microbiota
    Gut
    Brain Axis in Neurological Disorders
    8 Modern Perspectives in Controlling Human Diseases through Probiotic Intervention
    9 Microbiome Association of Polypharmacy in Geriatric Population
    10 Virome: Sentinels or marauders in the microbiome
    11 Unlocking the Mysteries of the Human Microbiome to Combat COVID-19.
    Digital Access Springer 2022
  • Article
    Green DP.
    J Cell Sci. 1978 Aug;32:153-64.
    The divalent metal cation ionophore A23187 rapidly induces a normal acrosome reaction in a population of guinea-pig sperm suspended in calcium medium. In the course of the acrosome reaction, proacrosin, the zymogen precursor of the protease acrosin, is activated. Although the acrosome reaction causes exocytosis of the acrosomal contents, 'soluble' acrosin is not released in significant amounts until well after the sperm population as a whole has undergone an acrosome reaction. This suggests that proacrosin is stored within the acrosome in an insoluble form and that exocytosis of the acrosomal contents in the acrosome reaction is insufficient, by itself, to cause its immediate dissolution. Electron micrographs of sperm undergoing an A23187-induced acrosome reaction in the presence of the acrosin inhibitors benzamidine, p-amino-benzamidine and phenylmethylsulphonyl fluoride show that the acrosome reaction proceeds normally but that dispersal of the acrosomal contents is inhibited. These morphological changes are, for the most part, below the limit of resolution of the light microscope and using light microscopy to assess whether an acrosome reaction has taken place, it can be mistakenly inferred that the reaction itself is inhibited by the acrosin inhibitors. The inhibition of the dispersal of the acrosomal contents by acrosin inhibitors suggests that acrosin activity is important in solubilizing acrosin. These experimental observations, taken with the evidence that the acrosome reaction is a response to an increase in intracellular free calcium, have been taken as the basis of a proposal for the mechanism of proacrosin activation in the acrosome reaction.
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