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  • Book
    edited by T. Scott Murrell, Robert L. Mikkelsen, Gavin Sulewski, Robert Norton, Michael L. Thompson.
    Summary: This open access book highlights concepts discussed at two international conferences that brought together world-renowned scientists to advance the science of potassium (K) recommendations for crops. There was general agreement that the potassium recommendations currently in general use are oversimplified, outdated, and jeopardize soil, plant, and human health. Accordingly, this book puts forward a significantly expanded K cycle that more accurately depicts K inputs, losses and transformations in soils. This new cycle serves as both the conceptual basis for the scientific discussions in this book and a framework upon which to build future improvements. Previously used approaches are critically reviewed and assessed, not only for their relevance to future enhancements, but also for their use as metrics of sustainability. An initial effort is made to link K nutrition in crops and K nutrition in humans. The book offers an invaluable asset for graduate students, educators, industry scientists, data scientists, and advanced agronomists.

    Contents:
    The Potassium Cycle and Its Relationship to Recommendation Development
    Inputs: Potassium Sources for Agricultural Systems
    Outputs: Potassium Losses from Agricultural Systems
    Rhizosphere Processes and Root Traits Determining the Acquisition of Soil Potassium
    Potassium Use Efficiency of Plants
    Considerations for Unharvested Plant Potassium
    Considering Soil Potassium Pools with Dissimilar Plant Availability
    Using Soil Tests to Evaluate Plant Availability of Potassium in Soils
    Evaluating Plant Potassium Status
    How Closely is Potassium Mass Balance Related to Soil Test Changes
    Assessing Potassium Mass Balances in Different Countries and Scales
    Considerations for Selecting Potassium Placement Methods in Soil
    Timing Potassium Applications to Synchronize with Plant Demand
    Broadening the Objectives of Future Potassium Recommendations
    Improving Human Nutrition: A Critical Objective for Potassium Recommendations for Agricultural Crops.
    Digital Access Springer 2021
  • Article
    Dreher KL, Eaton JW, Kuettner JF, Breslawec KP, Blackshear PL, White JG.
    Am J Pathol. 1978 Jul;92(1):215-25.
    Modest increases in intracellular calcium concentrations, in association with ATP depletion, cause the appearance of pathologic changes in erthrocyte shape and deformability. The loss of erythrocyte ATP and simultaneous increase in cellular calcium have previously been considered the sole requisites for the appearance of erythrocyte membrane rigidity. We report that red cells suspended in high-potassium buffers may be simultaneously loaded with calcium (through exposure to the divalent cation ionophore A23187) and depleted of ATP without incurring drastic changes in shape or in membrane stiffness. Incubation of erythrocytes under these conditions effectively blocks both water and potassium loss normally caused by calcium accumulation. However, the high external potassium has no influence on either the ionophore-induced accumulation of calcium or on the the concomitant hydrolysis of cellular ATP. These results suggest the involvement of at least one further parameter, ie, changes in cell water and cation content, in the development of calcium-induced erythrocyte rigidity.
    Digital Access Access Options