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- BookSheikh Rayees, Inshah Din.Summary: Asthma is a chronic airway disease affecting over 300 million people worldwide with an expected increase of an additional 100 million by 2025. Past decade has observed a notable increase in asthma prevalence on both national and global levels with highest rates observed in western countries (about 30%). Over the past 40 years, a drastic increase in global prevalence, morbidity, mortality, and economic burden have been observed due to asthma especially in children. The rising numbers of hospital admissions for asthma, especially young children, reflect an increase in severe asthma, poverty and lack of proper disease management. Worldwide, approximately 180,000 deaths annually are caused due to this condition. The financial burden on a single asthma patient per year in different western countries ranges from US 00-1,300. Asthma is an intricate respiratory disorder with differences in its severity, natural history and hence treatment response. These differences in intensities of various presentations such as bronchial hyper-responsiveness, airway inflammation, mucus production, airflow obstruction make asthma a heterogeneous disease. The mainstay of current therapies for asthma includes inhaled corticosteroids, phosphodiesterase inhibitors, leukotriene modifiers and β2-adrenoceptor agonists. Some of the currently available drugs are efficient in one or more aspects. However the associated side effects or heterogeneity of the disease limit their usefulness and efficacy, thereby putting a demand on development of new drugs and therapies. On the other hand, asthma has also been treated/managed via herbal medications. These approaches have been described in Unani, Ayurvedic or Chinese system of medicine since antiquity. In fact, several anti-asthmatic drugs were developed from herbs commonly utilized in the non-Western system of medicine. This book focuses on the pathophysiology of asthma, its medication (both herbal and modern), limitations and their future prospects.
Contents:
Asthma
Pathophysiology asthma
Airway inflammation and airway hyperresponsiveness
Effects of inflammation
Inflammatory cells involved in asthma
Transcription factors involved in Th2 cell differentiation
Current asthma treatments
Cytokine-based therapies
Transcription factor modulators
Preclinical mouse models of asthma used to evaluate drug efficacy and properties and associated drawbacks
Herbal treatments of asthma
Traditional plants with anti-asthmatic potential
Asthma Chinese Herbal Remedies
Future potential of herbal-based medicinal treatment for management of asthma. - ArticleSijbrandij S.Acta Orthop Scand. 1978 Jun;49(3):249-54.For the surgical treatment of tumours in long bones a technique in which the resected bone segment is autoclaved and replaced is described. The results in three patients who had undergone this operation 7 to 11 years previously, one for chondrosarcoma and two for giant cell tumour, are reported. In all three cases sound union has been achieved. The advantages of boiled autografts are the immediate availability and the excellent fit of the graft. In order to avoid the problem of slow union of the autoclaved bone segment rigid fixation with long-term stability, preferably with a Küntscher nail and the use of supplementary fresh autogenous bone, is necessary. Two patients with traumatic bone loss from the femoral shaft treated in a similar way are reported from the literature.