BookMallappa Kumara Swamy, editor.
Summary: Plants produce a vast number of bioactive compounds with different chemical scaffolds, which modulate a diverse range of molecular targets and are used as drugs for treating numerous diseases. Most present-day medicines are derived either from plant compounds or their derivatives, and plant compounds continue to offer limitless reserves for the discovery of new medicines. While different classes of plant compounds, like phenolics, flavonoids, saponins and alkaloids, and their potential pharmacological applications are currently being explored, their curative mechanisms are yet to be understood in detail. This book is divided into 2 volumes and offers detailed information on plant-derived bioactive compounds, including recent research findings. Volume 1, "Plant-derived Bioactives: Chemistry and Mode of Action" discusses the chemistry of highly valued plant bioactive compounds and their mode of actions at the molecular level. Volume 2, "Plant-derived Bioactives: Production, Properties and Therapeutic Applications" explores the sources, biosynthesis, production, biological properties and therapeutic applications of plant bioactives. Given their scope, these books are valuable resources for members of the scientific community wishing to further explore various medicinal plants and the therapeutic applications of their bioactive compounds. They appeal to scholars, teachers and scientists involved in plant product research, and facilitate the development of new drugs.
Contents:
Intro
Foreword
Preface
About the Book
Contents
About the Editor
1: Orientin: A C-Glycosyl Flavonoid that Mitigates Colorectal Cancer
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Flavonoid's Role in Cancer Prevention
1.3 About Orientin
1.3.1 Chemistry
1.3.2 Natural Occurrence
1.3.3 Pharmacological Properties
1.4 Experimental Colorectal Carcinogenesis
1.4.1 HT29 (Human Colorectal Adenocarcinoma) Cell Line
1.4.2 Chemically Induced Animal Models
1.4.2.1 DMH-Induced Experimental Colon Carcinogenesis
1.4.2.2 Metabolism of DMH 1.5 Orientin Against Colon Cancer in Different Ways
1.5.1 Body Weight, Growth Rate, and Polyp's Incidence
1.5.2 Lipid Peroxidation and Antioxidant Status
1.5.3 Xenobiotic Metabolizing Enzymes
1.5.4 ACF Formation
1.5.5 Tumor Marker Levels
1.5.6 Mast Cell Infiltration
1.5.7 Tumor Cell Proliferation
1.5.8 NF-B and Inflammatory Cytokine Expression
1.5.9 Pro-Inflammatory Enzymes
1.5.10 Cell Cycle Arrest
1.5.11 Apoptosis
1.6 Conclusions
References
2: Plant Flavonoids Against Colorectal Cancer and Mechanisms of Action
2.1 Introduction 2.2 Bacterial Enzymes and Colon Cancer
2.3 Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) and Cancer
2.4 Flavonoid
2.5 Functional Flavonoids as Antioxidants
2.5.1 Eriodictyol
2.5.2 Umbelliferone
2.5.3 Luteolin
2.6 Conclusions
References
3: Plant Neoflavonoids: Chemical Structures and Biological Functions
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Classification of Neoflavonoids
3.2.1 Dalbergin Group
3.2.2 Latifolin Group
3.3 Biological Activities of Neoflavonoids
3.3.1 Cytotoxic Activities
3.3.2 Cardiovascular Activities
3.3.3 Antidiabetic Activity 3.3.4 Antioxidant Activity
3.3.5 Antiplasmodial Activity
3.3.6 Anti-Allergic and Anti-Inflammatory Activities
3.3.7 Anti-Melanogenic Activity
3.3.8 Antimicrobial Activity
3.3.9 Antileishmanial Activity
3.3.10 Urease Inhibitor Activity
3.3.11 Anti-Osteoporosis Activity
3.4 Conclusions and Future Prospects
References
4: Polyphenols' Role in Autoimmune and Chronic Inflammatory Diseases and the Advent of Computer-Driven Plant Therapies
4.1 Introduction 4.2 Major Biomarkers in the Progression of Chronic Inflammatory Diseases and Atherosclerosis under the Perspective of Autoimmunity
4.3 Polyphenol-Driven Modulation of Signalling Pathways in both Chronic Inflammation and Autoimmune Pathologies
4.4 Challenges and Progress in Herbal Therapies
4.5 Computer-Aided Approaches in Polyphenolic Therapies
4.6 Conclusions
References
5: Plant Alkaloids: Structures and Bioactive Properties
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Classification of Plant Alkaloids
5.2.1 True Alkaloids (Heterocyclics)
5.2.1.1 Pyrrole Alkaloids
5.2.1.2 Pyrrolidine Alkaloids.