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- BookSadaf Alipour, Ramesh Omranipour, editors.Summary: Symptoms of the breast in gravid women commonly represent physiological changes, however they may also be related to serious underlying breast disease; this challenging dilemma is aggravated by diagnostic and therapeutic limitations imposed by safety issues regarding the mother and fetus. A comprehensive coverage of all aspects of normal and pathologic breast changes during pregnancy and lactation, their diagnosis and management is provided in the present work. The organized structure of this book begins with gestational changes of the breast, while discussing safety, hazards, and arguments regarding diagnostic approaches. It then goes on by describing various clinical presentations and common and uncommon benign disorders during gravidity. The book then addresses pre-malignant lesions of the breast, opening the dialogue on how to manage these confusing lesions in pregnant and nursing women. It continues toward pregnancy-associated breast cancer, focusing on every facet of the problem, including epidemiology, diagnosis, treatment and complications, anesthetic considerations, prenatal care, and rare malignancies; and comes to an end by arguing main psychological concerns. In the midst of this orderly sequence fertility issues, pregnancy, and breastfeeding in women who have overcome their breast cancer are also discussed. This unique reference has been written by academic experts from different centers and diverse disciplines in a practical format. It is intended to be an ideal resource for every practitioner and specialist who manages complaints of gravid and nursing women or treats breast disorders in women of child bearing age.
Contents:
Preface
PART 1: Basic Considerations
Anatomy and Physiology of the Breast during Pregnancy and Lactation
Diagnosis of Breast Disorders in Pregnancy and Lactation
Clinical Presentations of Breast Disorders in Pregnancy and Lactation
PART 2: Benign and Premalignant Disorders of the Breast in Pregnancy and Lactation
Benign Disorders of the Breast in Pregnancy and Lactation
Mastitis, Breast Abscess, and Granulomatous
Premalignant disorders of the Breast in Pregnancy and Lactation
PART 3: Breast Cancer in Pregnancy and Lactation
Epidemiology of Pregnancy-Associated Breast Cancer
Histology of Pregnancy-Associated Breast Cancer
Clinical presentation, Diagnosis, and Prognosis of Pregnancy-Associated Breast Cancer
. Treatment of Pregnancy-Associated Breast Cancer
Special Clinical Situations
Prenatal Care during and after Breast Cancer Treatment
Lactation during and after Breast Cancer
Pregnancy in Breast Cancer Survivors. Impact of Breast Cancer Treatment on Fertility
Fertility Counseling and Preservation for Breast Cancer Patients
Pregnancy after Breast Reconstruction
Pregnancy and Lactation: Risk or Protective Factors for Breast Cancer
Psychological Aspects of Pregnancy and Lactation in Patients with Breast Cancer. - ArticleDelaunay J.Pathol Biol (Paris). 1978 Feb;26(2):117-36.Erythrocyte plasma membrane consists of lipids, proteins and carbohydrates. The major lipids are phosphoglycerolipids which are amphiphatic molecules and which are responsible for the double layer structure of the membrane. Both membrane leaflets are fluid structures. Lipids diffuse laterally with great velocity. Exchange of lipids between the leaflets hardly occurs. The external leaflet can readily exchange phospholipids and cholesterol with the plasma. The external and the internal leaflets have a different composition. Major proteins are identified by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis while enzyme proteins are detected through their catalytic properties. Membrane proteins play many roles, among which are the maintenance of red cell shape and deformability (spectrin), cation and anion transport, intra- and extracellular metabolisms. Proteins penetrate more or less deeply into the lipid double layer. Their lateral mobility is limited. Sugars are covalently bound to various lipids and proteins. Being present only on the external surface of the membrane, they are the substrates of blood group antigens. Several abnormalities of erythrocyte membrane constituents have appeared in various congenital hemolytic anemias and in progressive muscular dystrophies.