BookSophia A. Hussen, editor.
Summary: This book is designed to present a comprehensive and state-of the-art update that covers the pathophysiology, epidemiology, and clinical presentation of the most frequently encountered STIs in adolescence and young adulthood. The introductory sections discuss more general themes including approaches to obtaining a sexual history and exam, concerns of sexual minority youth, ethical and legal considerations, and health disparities in STIs in this population. Subsequent chapters are organized by pathogen such as herpes simplex virus, and human immunodeficiency virus, or clinical syndrome including pelvic inflammatory disease, and vaginitis. Each chapter begins with a case study to illustrate key characteristics of the disease process in question and includes rich illustrations, resources, and guidelines. Written by experts in the field, the text includes a review of epidemiology, pathophysiology, treatment, prevention, and adolescent-specific considerations that is vital to working with this important population. With its transdisciplinary perspective, Sexually Transmitted Infections in Adolescence and Young Adulthood is a unique text that is valuable to infectious disease specialists, adolescent medicine specialists, gynecologists, primary care physicians, advanced practice providers, medical administrative staff, school nurses, sexual health educators, social workers, and public health officials.
Contents:
Intro
Preface
Acknowledgements
Contents
Contributors
Part I: Considerations in the Care of Sexually Active Adolescents
Chapter 1: Approach to the Sexual History and Physical Exam
Sexual History
General Approach
Parental Involvement in the Visit
Critical Questions to Ask
Physical Exam
References
Chapter 2: Care of Sexual and Gender Minority Adolescents
Definitions and Epidemiology
Approach to Sexual Healthcare with Sexual and Gender Minority Youth
Creating a Welcoming Environment
Setting the Stage for Confidentiality, Nonjudgment, and Honesty Taking a Sexual History
Physical Examination
Sexual Health Considerations in Sexual and Gender Minority Youth
Human Immunodeficiency Virus
Chlamydial and Gonococcal Infections
Syphilis
Hepatitis
HPV
Bacterial Vaginosis
Use of Toys
Contraception and Family Planning
Case Discussion
Conclusion
References
Chapter 3: Racial Disparities in STIs Among Adolescents in the USA
Differences in Sexual Risk Behaviors
Differences in STI Risk Among Sexual Networks
SES-Related Inequities Disproportionately Experienced by Minorities That Reduce Access/Care SES/Racial Inequities Indirectly Increase STIs Through Psychosocial/Behavioral Mechanisms
SES/Racial Inequities That Directly Increase STI Susceptibility Through Biological Stress Regulatory Systems
Conclusion
References
Chapter 4: Ethical and Legal Considerations in STI Treatment for Adolescents
Minor Status
Emancipation
Mature Minors
Exceptions for Sexually Transmitted Infections
Confidentiality
Case Conclusion
References
Part II: Common Clinical Syndromes
Chapter 5: Vaginitis and Cervicitis
Introduction
Normal and Abnormal Physical Exam Bacterial Vaginosis
Epidemiology
Pathophysiology
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pregnancy Considerations
Vulvovaginal Candidiasis
Epidemiology
Pathophysiology
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pregnancy Considerations
Trichomoniasis
Non-infectious Causes of Vaginitis
Foreign Body
Vulvar Vestibulitis
Allergic Vaginitis
Cervicitis
Epidemiology
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pregnancy Considerations
Case Conclusion
References
Chapter 6: Pelvic Inflammatory Disease
Syndrome Description
Risk Factors
Immune System and PID
IUD and PID
PID Symptomatology Normal and Abnormal Physical Examination
Differential Diagnosis
Treatment
Prevention
Screening Programs
Education
Other Prevention Strategies
Other Considerations
HIV and PID
Incarceration
Lesbian, Bisexual, and Transgender Youth
Sexual Violence
Other PID Correlations
Case Conclusion
References
Chapter 7: Urethritis
Syndrome Description
Normal and Abnormal Physical Examination
Differential Diagnosis
Diagnosis
Treatment
Nongonococcal Urethritis (NGU)
Gonococcal Urethritis
General Instructions to Patient
Follow-Up