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  • Book
    Mirza Hasanuzzaman, Vasileios Fotopoulos, editors.
    Summary: This book introduces readers to both seed treatment and seedling pretreatments, taking into account various factors such as plant age, growing conditions and climate. Reflecting recent advances in seed priming and pretreatment techniques, it demonstrates how these approaches can be used to improve stress tolerance and enhance crop productivity. Covering the basic phenomena involved, mechanisms and recent innovations, the book offers a comprehensive guide for students, researchers and scientists alike, particularly Plant Physiologists, Agronomists, Environmental Scientists, Biotechnologists, and Botanists, who will find essential information on physiology and stress tolerance. The book also provides a valuable source of information for professionals at seed companies, seed technologists, food scientists, policymakers, and agricultural development officers around the world.

    Contents:
    Intro; Preface; Contents; Contributors; About the Editors; Methods of Seed Priming; 1 Introduction; 2 Hydropriming; 3 Halopriming; 4 Osmopriming; 5 Solid Matrix Priming; 6 Biopriming; 7 Nutripriming; 8 Seed Priming with Plant Growth Regulators, Hormones, and Other Organic Sources; References; Advances in the Concept and Methods of Seed Priming; 1 Introduction; 2 History of Seed Priming; 3 Phenomenon of Seed Priming; 4 Methods of Seed Priming; 4.1 Conventional Seed Priming Methods; 4.1.1 Hydro-priming; 4.1.2 Osmo-priming; 4.1.3 Nutrient Priming; 4.1.4 Chemical Priming; 4.1.5 Bio-priming 2.1 Initial Fast Imbibition2.2 Starting of Metabolic Processes in the Seed (Lag Phase); 2.3 Subsequent Radicle Emergence and Resumption of Growth; 3 The Benefits of Seed Priming; 4 Mechanism of Seed Priming; 5 Factors Affecting Seed Priming; 5.1 Kind of Priming; 5.2 Temperature; 5.3 Oxygen Availability; 5.4 Osmotic Potential and Solution Concentration; 5.5 Duration of Treatment; 5.6 Seed Quality; 5.7 Light; 5.8 Dehydration after Priming; 5.9 Storage Condition; 6 Physiological, Biochemical, and Molecular Responses to Seed Priming; 7 Stresses-Induced Metabolic Changes in Germinating Seeds 2.2 Better Imbibition and Vigorous Seedling Growth2.3 Osmotic Adjustment; 2.4 Membrane Properties; 2.5 Antioxidant Defense System; 2.6 Changes in Metabolic Events; 2.7 Hormonal Balance and Regulation; 2.8 Aquaporins and Tonoplast Intrinsic Proteins; 2.9 Dehydrins (Late Embryogenesis Abundant Proteins); 2.10 Reactive Oxygen Species: Key Signaling Molecules in Priming; 2.11 Activation of DNA Repair Pathways; 3 Seed Priming and Abiotic Stress Tolerance in Plants; 4 Conclusion; References; Fundamental Processes Involved in Seed Priming; 1 Introduction; 2 The Physiology of Seed Germination 4.1.6 Priming with Plant Growth Regulators (PGR)4.1.7 Priming with Plant Extract; 4.2 Advanced Methods of Seed Priming; 4.2.1 Seed Priming Through Nanoparticles; 4.2.2 Seed Priming Through Physical Agents; 5 Factors Affecting Seed Priming; 6 Seed Priming: Physiological Basis and Plant Response; 6.1 Occurrence of Seed Germination and Seedling Growth; 6.2 Crop Nutrition and Yield; 6.3 Seed Priming for Stress Management; 7 Assessment of Priming Effects on Plant Growth and Development; 7.1 Seed Priming Using Compost Extract for Improving Germination Parameters 7.2 Preparation and Characteristics of Compost Tea7.3 Seed Priming and Experimental Setup; 7.4 Effects on Germination Parameters; 7.4.1 Germination Rate and Germination Index (GI); 7.4.2 Mean Germination Time (MGT) and Seed Vigor Index (SVI); 7.4.3 Effects on Root and Shoot Length; 8 Limitations and Perspective in Seed Priming Technology; 9 Conclusions; References; Physiological, Biochemical, and Molecular Aspects of Seed Priming; 1 Introduction; 2 Physiological, Biochemical, and Molecular Aspects of Seed Priming; 2.1 Pregerminative Metabolism
    Digital Access Springer 2019
  • Article
    Pagano RE, Weinstein JN.
    Annu Rev Biophys Bioeng. 1978;7:435-68.
    In this review we have attempted to highlight each of the major areas of interest in liposome-cell interactions: the purely physical chemical, the cell biological, and the medical. Liposomes can be generated in a number of ways and are classified as small unilamellar, large unilamellar, and multilamellar vesicles. Although liposomes are easy to prepare, it is important to consider the effects of impurities, and also the possible changes in liposome properties with time (particularly at or below the phase transition temperature). Intelligent application of liposomes to cell biological and clinical problems requires an understanding of their mechanisms of interaction with cells. The mechanisms thus far delineated, largely by studies in vitro, are fusion, endocytosis, lipid transfer, and stable adsorption. In practice, demonstrating the occurrence of a given mechanism in an actual system is difficult because these are not mutually exclusive. Cell type, conditions of incubation, and liposome properties (charge, fluidity, size) are important in determining mechanism and appear to organize the literature effectively. However, this may be an oversimplification resulting from the sketchiness of current information. Liposomes have been used in cell biology to alter the phospholipid and cholesterol composition of cells, to bypass the membrane permeability barrier to normally impermeant solutes, and to promote cell-cell fusion. Perhaps the most fruitful of these applications has been the alteration of cholesterol, which can result in changes in cell permeability and morphology. On the other hand, delivery into cells of liposome-entrapped, water-soluble materials has not yet proved an effective tool in cell biology; delivery, and consequent physiological changes, have been demonstrated, but generally to answer questions about liposome-cell interactions, not to answer questions about the cells. Much of the current interest in liposomes derives from their potential applications in vivo. Liposomes are envisioned as pharmacological capsules for delivery of therapeutic agents in treatment of such conditions as diabetes, enzyme deficiencies, heavy metal poisoning, and neoplasms. Although much of the literature to date has been concerned with the end applications, it seems clear that a more systematic approach to the pharmacokinetics of liposomes will be necessary. In particular, such aspects as their leakage rates and their ability to cross cell and anatomical barriers require further study. Targeting of liposomes to particular cells or tissues will be essential for many applications. Finally, it must be remembered that all of these in vivo applications of liposomes are future tense; as with other technologies, passage from demonstration of the phenomenon to practical application is likely to be arduous.
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