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  • Book
    Archana Singh, Indrakant K. Singh, editors.
    Summary: The book offers an integrated overview of plant-pathogen interactions. It discusses all the steps in the pathway, from the microbe-host-cell interface and the plant's recognition of the microbe to the plant's defense response and biochemical alterations to achieve tolerance / resistance. It also sheds light on the classes of pathogens (bacteria, fungus and viruses); effector molecules, such as PAMPs; receptor molecules like PRRs and NBS-LRR proteins; signaling components like MAPKs; regulatory molecules, such as phytohormones and miRNA; transcription factors, such as WRKY; defense-related proteins such as PR-proteins; and defensive metabolites like secondary metabolites. In addition, it examines the role of post-genomics, high-throughput technology (transcriptomics and proteomics) in studying pathogen outbreaks causing crop losses in a number of plants. Providing a comprehensive picture of plant-pathogen interaction, the updated information included in this book is valuable for all those involved in crop improvement.

    Contents:
    Intro; Preface; Contents; Contributors; About the Editors; Abbreviations;
    1: Arabidopsis thaliana as a Model Organism to Study Plant-Pathogen Interactions; 1.1 Introduction; 1.2 Plant-Pathogen Interactions; 1.3 How Arabidopsis thaliana Recognize and Respond to Pathogens?; 1.4 Arabidopsis thaliana: An Important Model Host for Studying Plant-Pathogen Interactions; 1.5 A. thaliana-Pathogen Interactions; 1.5.1 Arabidopsis-Virus Interactions; 1.5.2 Arabidopsis-Bacterium Interactions; 1.5.3 Arabidopsis-Fungus Interactions; 1.6 Conclusion; Glossary; References. 2.2.4.7 Magnaporthe oryzae2.2.5 Bacterial Biotrophy and Necrotrophy; 2.2.6 Basis of Bacterial Pathogenicity: The HRP System; 2.2.7 Effector Proteins Synthesized by the Bacteria; 2.2.8 Extracellular Polysaccharide and Toxins Produced by Bacteria; 2.2.9 Plant Cell Wall-Degrading Enzymes (PCWDE); 2.3 Plant Defense Responses Against Pathogen Attack; 2.4 Use of Effector Proteins in Plant Breeding; 2.5 Prospects; Glossary; References;
    3: Plantâ#x80;#x93;Virus Interactions; 3.1 Introduction; 3.2 Environment and Evolution Modulate Plant Pathogenesis; 3.3 Plantâ#x80;#x93;Virus Relationships.
    2: Fungal and Bacterial Biotrophy and Necrotrophy2.1 Introduction; 2.2 Fungal Biotrophy and Necrotrophy; 2.2.1 Effector Proteins Secreted by Fungal Plant Pathogens; 2.2.2 Effectors Produced by Pathogens Disturb the Phytohormonal Signaling; 2.2.3 Phytotoxins Released by Fungal Pathogens; 2.2.4 Significant Effector Proteins Secreted by Few Biotrophic, Hemibiotrophic, and Necrotrophic Fungi; 2.2.4.1 Cladosporium fulvum; 2.2.4.2 Ustilago maydis; 2.2.4.3 Blumeria graminis; 2.2.4.4 Botrytis cinerea; 2.2.4.5 Sclerotinia sclerotiorum; 2.2.4.6 Alternaria brassicicola. 3.3.1 Compatible Hostâ#x80;#x93;Virus Relationships3.3.2 Non-compatible Hostâ#x80;#x93;Virus Relationships; 3.4 Methods of Diagnosis of Viruses; 3.4.1 Serological Assays: Traditional Molecular Method of Disease Detection; 3.4.2 Molecular Techniques or Nucleic Acid-Based Methods for Virus Detection; 3.4.3 Innovative Detection Methods; 3.4.3.1 Lateral Flow Microarrays (LFM); 3.4.3.2 Methods Based on the Analysis of Volatile Compounds as Biomarkers; 3.5 Transmission of Viruses; 3.6 Virus Accumulation and Movement in the Host; 3.6.1 Viral Factors Involved in Plant Pathogenesis. 3.6.2 Viral Long-Distance Movement3.7 Responses of Plants to Viruses; 3.7.1 Cellular Stress; 3.7.2 Development Defects; 3.7.3 Abnormalities in Chloroplast; 3.8 Viral Infection and Physiological Functioning of Host Plants; 3.8.1 Virion Disassembly and Viral Genome Translation; 3.8.1.1 Host Factors in Virion Decoating; 3.8.2 Viral Replication Complex Composition; 3.8.2.1 Host Factors in Viral Genome Translation; 3.8.2.2 Regulation of Viral Replication by Viral Protein Modifications; 3.8.2.3 Interference of Viral and Plant Factors with Hormone Regulation.
    Digital Access Springer 2018
  • Article
    Benson H, Dryer T, Hartley LH.
    J Human Stress. 1978 Jun;4(2):38-42.
    Oxygen consumption is usually considered to be predictable and unalterable at a fixed work intensity. The relaxation response is hypothesized to be an integrated hypothalamic response which results in generalized decreased sympathetic nervous system activity. One physiologic manifestation of the relaxation response is decreased oxygen consumption. The possibility that the elicitation of the relaxation response could decrease oxygen consumption at a fixed work intensity was investigated. Oxygen consumption was decreased 4 percent (p less than 0.05) in eight subjects working at a fixed intensity when the relaxation response was simultaneously elicited.
    Digital Access Access Options