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  • Book
    L. Syd M Johnson, Andrew Fenton, Adam Shriver, editors.
    Contents:
    Intro
    Acknowledgments
    Contents
    Editors and Contributors
    About the Editors
    About the Authors
    List of Figures
    1: Introduction to Animal Neuroethics: What and Why?
    1.1 Introduction
    1.2 What Is Animal Neuroethics?
    1.3 Animal Neuroethics: The What and the Why
    1.4 Concluding Thoughts
    References
    Part I: Neuroscience of Nonhuman Minds
    2: Sentience and Consciousness as Bases for Attributing Interests and Moral Status: Considering the Evidence and Speculating S ...
    2.1 Introduction
    2.2 Methodological Assumptions 2.3 Evidence of Sentience in Different Animal Classes
    2.3.1 Mammals and Birds
    2.3.2 Reptiles
    2.3.3 Amphibians
    2.3.4 Fish
    2.3.5 Cephalopods
    2.3.6 Arthropods
    2.4 Conclusion: From Bees to Bots and Back
    References
    3: The Human Challenge in Understanding Animal Cognition
    3.1 Introduction
    3.2 Definition of Cognition: One or Many Cognitions?
    3.3 Ecological and Social Drivers of Cognition in Chimpanzees
    3.3.1 Finding Food in Dense Forests Represents a Special Cognitive Challenge
    3.3.2 Extracting Embedded Food
    3.3.3 Hunting and Cooperation 3.4 Are There Real Differences Between Captive and Wild Populations?
    3.5 Human Bias and Ecological Validity
    3.6 The Future of Animal Cognition Studies?
    References
    4: Mental Capacities of Fishes
    4.1 Introduction
    4.2 Definition of Sentience
    4.3 Do Fish Form Relationships?
    4.4 Cognitive Ability and Neurodevelopment
    4.4.1 Social Learning
    4.4.2 Spatial Navigation
    4.4.3 Numerical Skills
    4.4.4 Decision-Making
    4.5 Welfare and Capacities for Feeling: Pain, Fear, and Pleasure
    4.5.1 Pain
    4.5.2 Fear
    4.5.3 Pleasure 4.6 Individual Recognition, Self-Recognition, and Consciousness
    4.7 Conclusions
    References
    5: Bovine Prospection, the Mesocorticolimbic Pathways, and Neuroethics: Is a Cowś Future Like Ours?
    5.1 Introduction
    5.2 Why Bovine Prospection Matters
    5.3 Rights and Interests
    5.4 What Is This Cow Planning?
    5.5 Prospection: Some Definitions
    5.6 Cow Behaviors
    5.7 Hypothesis: Cows Have Intuitive Prospection
    5.8 Bovine Prospection: Belief and Desire
    5.9 Neural Correlates of Human Desire
    5.10 Neural Correlates of Bovine Desire?
    5.11 Neural Correlates of Human Belief 5.12 Neural Correlates of Bovine Belief: What Do We Know?
    5.13 Is a Cowś Prospection Like Ours?
    5.14 Belief and Desire in Neotenic Complex Syndrome
    5.15 Nonreporting Human Intuitive Prospection
    5.16 Conclusion
    References
    6: Speciesism and Human Supremacy in Animal Neuroscience
    6.1 Introduction: Speciesism and Human Supremacy
    6.2 Sentience and Comparative Neuroscience
    6.3 Sentience: Pain and Suffering
    6.4 The Evidence for Pain in Nonhuman Animals
    6.4.1 Consider Fishes
    6.4.2 Reconsidering Fishes
    6.5 Domination and Oppression
    Digital Access Springer 2020
  • Article
    Shimura Y, Sakano H, Nagawa F.
    Eur J Biochem. 1978 May;86(1):267-81.
    Ribonucleases O and Q, the two putative nucleolytic activities which we detected previously in the crude extract from a thermosensitive ribonuclease P mutant (TS241) of Escherichia coli and which were shown to function in the processing of tRNA precursors in vitro, were partially purified from the 1000000 x g supernatant fraction of E. coli Q13. In the course of purification of these enzymes, the total RNAs synthesized in the thermosensitive mutant at the restrictive temperature were used as the substrates and the activities were identified from disappearance or alteration of specific tRNA precursor molecules in polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The purified ribonuclease O preparation cleaved specifically the multimeric tRNA precursors at the spacer regions. The purified ribonuclease Q preparation removed, in accordance with the definition of this enzyme, extra nucleotides from the 3'-terminal ends of monomeric tRNA precursors. Some properties of these two nucleases were investigated. In addition to these nucleases, another exonuclease (tentatively designated ribonuclease Y) and ribonuclease P, a well-characterized endonuclease, were also purified. The sequential mode of the processing of tRNA precursors, originally observed in the cleavage reactions with the crude extracts in vitro, was supported by studies with the purified enzyme preparations.
    Digital Access Access Options
  • Journal
    Print 1930-1938.