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• Book

  Foot and ankle injection techniques : a practical guide

  Stuart Metcalfe, Ian Reilly ; foreword by Bill Ribbans.

  Contents:
  Local anaesthetics
  Applications of local anaesthetics
  Patient suitability for local anaesthetic
  Calculating maximum safe doses
  Complications of peripheral nerve blocks
  Nerve stimulators
  The basics
  Basic local anaesthetic techniques
  Advanced local anaesthetic techniques
  Corticosteroid injection therapy
  Common foot and ankle conditions: joint injections
  Common foot and ankle conditions: soft tissue injections
  Other injection therapies.

  Digital Access ScienceDirect 2010
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• Article

  Historical view on ergot alkaloids.

  Hofmann A.

  Pharmacology. 1978;16 Suppl 1:1-11.

  A short survey of the history of ergot, of the original and, for a long time, only source of ergot alkaloids, is given. Once a dreaded poison, ergot has changed its role over the centuries to become a rich treasure house of valuable pharmaceuticals. In the Middle Ages it was the cause of epidemics of ergotism, which cost tens of thousands of people their lives. Ergot was first mentioned by the German physician Lonitzer in 1582 as a remedy used by midwives for quickening childbirth. The isolation of pharmacologically useful alkaloids started in 1906 with the discovery of ergotoxine and its adrenolytic activity by Barger, Carr and Dale. In 1918, Stoll isolated ergotamine, the first chemically pure ergot alkaloid, which found widespread therapeutic use in obstetrics and internal medicine. In 1935 the specific oxytocic principle of ergot, ergonovine, was discovered simultaneously in four separate laboratories. Since then, worldwide investigations on ergot alkaloids resulted in the elucidation of their structures and total syntheses and preparation of valuable therapeutics such as Methergine, Hydergine, Dihydergot, and others.

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  PubMed