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  • Book
    Holger Barth, editor ; responsible series editor: Klaus Aktories.
    Summary: "This volume focuses on the transport of medically relevant bacterial protein toxins into mammalian cells, and on novel pharmacological strategies to inhibit toxin uptake. The first chapters review our current understanding of the cell-surface receptors and cellular transport processes of Clostridium botulinum neurotoxins, Clostridium botulinum C3 toxin, Clostridium difficile toxins, binary clostridial enterotoxins, anthrax toxins and diphtheria toxin. In brief, specific binding/transport (B) subunits deliver the enzyme (A) subunits into the cytosol, where the latter modify their substrates, producing cytotoxic effects and the characteristic toxin-associated diseases. Key mechanisms for the transport of the A subunits from endosomes into the cytosol and the role of trans-membrane pores formed by the B subunits and host cell chaperones for this process are reviewed. The book's closing chapters focus on compounds which inhibit the transport of the A subunits from endosomes into the cytosol and therefore might lead to novel therapeutic strategies for toxin-associated diseases. These substances include pharmacological inhibitors of the host cell chaperones involved, as well as multivalent and heterocyclic molecules that specifically block the toxins' translocation channels. This volume offers an up-to-date resource for scientists." -- Back cover.

    Contents:
    Two feet on the membrane: uptake of clostridial neurotoxins / Andreas Rummel
    Uptake of clostridial neurotoxins into cells and dissemination / Chloé Connan and Michel R. Popoff
    Receptors and binding structures for Clostridium difficile toxins A and B / Ralf Gerhard
    Cell entry of C3 exoenzyme from Clostridium botulinum / Astrid Rohrbeck and Ingo Just
    Receptor-binding and uptake of binary actin-ADP-ribosylating toxins / Panagiotis Papatheodorou and Klaus Aktories
    Clostridial binary toxins: basic understandings that include cell surface binding and an internal "coup de grâce" / Bradley G. Stiles
    Host cell chaperones Hsp70/Hsp90 and peptidyl-prolyl cis/trans isomerases are required for the membrane translocation of bacterial ADP-rebosylating toxins / Katharina Ernst, Leonie Schnell and Holger Barth
    Multivalent inhibitors of channel-forming bacterial toxins / Goli Yamini and Ekaterina M. Nestorovich
    Toxin transport by A-B type of toxins in eukaryotic target cells and its inhibition by positively charged heterocyclic molecules / Roland Benz and Holger Barth.
  • Article
    Fiore JV, Babineau RA.
    Appl Environ Microbiol. 1977 Nov;34(5):541-6.
    Recently, there has been growing concern that microbial health hazards can be increased by the use of activated carbon filters in domestic water systems. The present study was undertaken to investigate the effect of carbon filters on the microbial content of water. Results indicated that the microbial content of filtered and unfiltered water increased to about the same level on overnight standing and, in both cases, was reduced by flushing the next day. In addition, the use of activated carbon for the filtration of contaminated well water over a period of 11 weeks had no effect on the total or coliform count. Under use conditions, activated carbon filters were found to have no significant effect on the number of bacteria present in the water.
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