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- BookMark Elwood, Professor of Cancer Epidemiology, University of Auckland, New Zealand.Summary: Critical appraisal is now accepted as central to the development of rational health care and evidence-based medicine, by applying it to questions of aetiology, clinical therapy, and health care management. The reader will learn how to assess the strengths and weaknesses of new studies, and how to conduct their own studies.
Contents:
Introduction
The importance of causal relationships in medicine and health care
Study designs which can demostrate and test causation
The results obtained from studies of causation
Selection of subjects for study
Error and bias in observation
Confounding
Chance variation
Combining results from several studies: systematic reviews and meta-analyses
The diagnosis of causation
Critical appraisal in action
Critical appraisal of a randomized clinical trial
Critical appraisal of a randomized trial of a preventive agent
Critical appraisal of a prospective cohort study
Critical appraisal of a retrospective cohort study
Critical appraisal of a matched case-control study
Critical appraisal of a large population-based case-control study.Digital Access Oxford 2017 - ArticleHornstra G.Prog Biochem Pharmacol. 1977;13:326-38.Dietary fats have a pronounced effect on arterial thrombosis: in rats, long-chain saturated fatty acids are thrombogenic, oleic acid is neutral, and linoleic acid is anti-thrombotic. These effects are likely to be mediated, at least in part, by changes in platelet fatty acid composition and--consequently--platelet function. Blood coagulability and differences in vitamin E intake seem of no (or minor) importance. In man, dietary linoleic acid inhibits platelet aggregation and other parameters of platelet activation. Dietary fat effects on vascular prostacyclin formation have not yet been found.