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  • Book
    Daniel Krawczyk.
    Summary: Reasoning: The Neuroscience of How We Think is a comprehensive guide to the core topics related to a thorough understanding of reasoning. It presents the current knowledge of the subject in a unified, complete manner, ranging from animal studies, to applied situations, and is the only book available that presents a sustained focus on the neurobiological processes behind reasoning throughout all chapters, while also synthesizing research from animal behavior, cognitive psychology, development, and philosophy for a truly multidisciplinary approach. The book considers historical perspectives, state-of-the-art research methods, and future directions in emerging technology and cognitive enhancement. Written by an expert in the field, this book provides a coherent and structured narrative appropriate for students in need of an introduction to the topic of reasoning as well as researchers seeking well-rounded foundational content. It is essential reading for neuroscientists, cognitive scientists, neuropsychologists and others interested in the neural mechanisms behind thinking, reasoning and higher cognition.

    Contents:
    Introduction to Reasoning
    The History of Reasoning Research
    The Neuroscience of Reasoning
    Comparative Reasoning: A Cross-Species Perspective
    Reasoning Origins: Human Development During Childhood
    Reasoning Over the Lifespan
    Disorders of Reasoning
    Reasoning About Contingencies, Correlations, and Causes
    Deduction and Induction
    Analogical Reasoning
    Decision Making and Abdutive Reasoning
    Social Cognition: Reasoning With Others
    Future Directions in Reasoning: Emerging Technology and Cognitive Enhancement.
    Digital Access ScienceDirect 2018
  • Article
    Draper P, Misell DL.
    J Gen Microbiol. 1977 Aug;101(2):207-9.
    The mass of Mycobacterium leprae, obtained as a pure suspension from tissues of infected armadillos, was measured electron microscopically using a technique that avoids the need for standards of mass. The mean mass of an individual bacterium was 3-9+/-1-0 (S.D.) X 10(-14) g. Comparative measurements were also made on a small sample of M. lepraemurium (whose mass is known). Calculation of the mass of an individual bacterium allows numbers of bacteria in samples to be estimated by direct weighing rather than by counting.
    Digital Access Access Options