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- BookJohn Frank, Ruth Jepson, Andrew James Williams.Summary: Provides a set of appraisal tools to guide those considering a preventive action to make sure that it is effective (does more good than harm), efficient (is a competitive use of scarce resources), and equitable in its impact across society.
Contents:
Introduction : why we wrote this book
Basic principles of successful and unsuccessful prevention
A brief history of prevention...and causation
Seeing the forest for the trees : finding and using the evidence
Causation and prevention in populations versus individuals
How simple advice can sometimes be wrong : the case of 'healthy diets'
Preventing chronic diseases by risk factor detection and treatment : what every health care consumer needs to know
Detecting disease before symptoms begin : the blemished promise of cancer screening
Genetic testing for disease prevention : oversold?
When can prevention expect to also reduce social inequalities in health?Digital Access Oxford 2016 - ArticleBecker GD, Parell GJ, Busch D, Finegold SM, Acquarelli MJ.Trans Sect Otolaryngol Am Acad Ophthalmol Otolaryngol. 1977 May-Jun;84(3 Pt 2):ORL592-602.A prospective study of wound infections following major head and neck cancer surgery was undertaken to define a rational approach to trials of antibiotic prophylaxis and initial therapy of these infections. Preoperative aerobic cultures were taken from the planned site of skin incision and from the oropharynx. Both aerobic and anaerobic cultures were obtained from all wound infections. Patients receiving prophylactic antibiotics were excluded from the study. The data indicate that preoperative cultures are not usually predictive of the bacteriology of subsequent wound infection. Mixed aerobic and anaerobic flora were cultured from most wound infections, and usually reflected normal anaerobic oropharyngeal flora, exogenously acquired Staphylococcus aureus, or both. Bacteroides fragilis was not cultured in this series. Antibiotics selected for trials of prophylaxis or initial treatment of these infections should cover both the resident oral aerobic and anaerobic flora and S aureus. Coverage for B fragilis does not appear necessary. Antibiotic choices might include penicillin G plus a penicillinase-resistant penicillin or a parenteral cephalosporin.