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  • Book
    edited by Kinam Park.
    Contents:
    Part I Fundamentals of biomaterials for cancer therapeutics; 1 Introduction to biomaterials for cancer therapeutics; 1.1 Introduction; 1.2 Biomaterials used in cancer therapeutics; 1.3 Materials used in anticancer formulations; 1.4 Conclusion and future trends; 1.5 References; 2 Cancer cell biology; 2.1 Introduction; 2.2 Public perception and misunderstanding of cancer cell activity; 2.3 The 'War on Cancer'; 2.4 The genetic basis of cancer; 2.5 Cancer interface with the environment; 2.6 Cancer cells as moving targets; 2.7 Conclusion and future trends; 2.8 References; 3 Targeted drug delivery for cancer therapy; 3.1 Introduction; 3.2 Current paradigm; 3.3 Challenges to current paradigm; 3.4 Conclusion and future trends; 3.5 References; Part II Synthetic vaccines, proteins, and polymers for cancer therapeutics; 4 Chemical synthesis of carbohydrate-based vaccines against cancers; 4.1 Introduction; 4.2 Semi-synthetic vaccines; 4.3 Fully synthetic vaccines; 4.4 Conclusion and future trends; 4.5 References; 5 Generating functional mutant proteins to create highly bioactive anticancer biopharmaceuticals; 5.1 Introduction; 5.2 Artificial proteins for cancer therapy; 5.3 How to create functional mutant proteins as beneficial therapeutics; 5.4 Mutant TNF(alpha) for cancer therapy; 5.5 Conclusion and future trends; 5.6 Sources of further information and advice; 5.7 References; 6 Polymer therapeutics for treating cancer; 6.1 Introduction; 6.2 Polyamines and polyamine analogs; 6.3 Polymeric P-glycoprotein (Pgp) inhibitors; 6.4 Conclusion and future trends; 6.5 Acknowledgment; 6.6 References; Part III Theranosis and drug delivery systems for cancer therapeutics; 7 Nanotechnology for cancer screening and diagnosis; 7.1 Introduction; 7.2 Nanotechnology for cancer diagnosis; 7.3 Nanotechnology-based biosensing platforms; 7.4 Nanotechnology for biosensing
    early detection of cancer; 7.5 Nanotechnology for cancer imaging; 7.6 Concerns with using nanomaterials; 7.7 Conclusion and future trends; 7.8 References; 8 Synergistically integrated nanomaterials for multimodal cancer cell imaging; 8.1 Introduction; 8.2 Nanomaterial-based multifunctional imaging probes; 8.3 Nanoparticles with exogenous imaging ligands; 8.4 Nanoparticles with endogenous contrast; 8.5 Cocktail injection; 8.6 Conclusion; 8.7 References; 9 Hybrid nanocrystal as a versatile platform for cancer theranostics; 9.1 Introduction; 9.2 Imaging modality; 9.3 Developing theranostic systems; 9.4 Hybrid nanocrystal as theranostic platform; 9.5 Conclusion; 9.6 Acknowledgment; 9.7 References; 10 Embolisation devices from biomedical polymers for intra-arterial occlusion and drug delivery in the treatment of cancer; 10.1 Introduction; 10.2 Biomedical polymers and embolisation agents; 10.3 Particulate embolisation agents; 10.4 Drug-eluting embolisation beads; 10.5 Polymer structure, form and property relationships; 10.6 Experience with drug-eluting embolisation beads; 10.7 Conclusions and future trends; 10.8 Acknowledgement; 10.9 References; 11 Small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) as cancer therapeutics; 11.1 Introduction; 11.2 Prerequisites for siRNAs cancer therapeutics; 11.3 Delivery systems of anticancer siRNAs; 11.4 Current challenges for clinical trials; 11.5 Conclusion; 11.6 Acknowledgement; 11.7 References; 12 Reverse engineering of the low temperature-sensitive liposome (LTSL) for treating cancer; 12.1 Introduction; 12.2 What is reverse engineering?; 12.3 Investigating the thermal-sensitive liposome's performance-in-service; 12.4 Defining the function of the liposome; 12.5 Component design: mechanism of action; 12.6 Selecting the most appropriate material when designing the Dox-LTSL; 12.7 Analysis of materials performance in the design; 12.8 Specification sheet; 12.9 Production; 12.10 Prototypes; 12.11 Further development; 12.12 Conclusion and future trends; 12.13 Acknowledgements; 12.14 References; 13 Gold nanoparticles (GNPs) as multifunctional materials for cancer treatment; 13.1 Introduction; 13.2 Physical properties of gold nanoparticles; 13.3 Surface chemistry of GNPs; 13.4 GNPs as vehicles for drug delivery; 13.5 GNPs in biomedical imaging and theranostics; 13.6 GNPs as radiosensitizing agents; 13.7 Challenges in the development of GNPs as therapeutic agents; 13.8 Conclusion and future trends; 13.9 Acknowledgments; 13.10 Bibliography; 14 Multifunctional nanosystems for cancer therapy; 14.1 Introduction; 14.2 Design of multifunctional nanosystems; 14.3 Illustrative examples of multifunctional nanosystems for tumor-targeted therapies; 14.4 Polymeric nanosystems; 14.5 Lipid nanosystems; 14.6 Hybrid nanosystems; 14.7 Regulatory and clinical perspectives; 14.8 Conclusions; 14.9 References; Part IV Biomaterial therapeutics and cancer cell interaction; 15 Biomaterial strategies to modulate cancer; 15.1 Introduction; 15.2 Understanding cancer with biomaterials; 15.3 Molecular markers for cancer; 15.4 Biomaterials for cancer therapy; 15.5 Conclusion; 15.6 References; 16 3D cancer tumor models for evaluating chemotherapeutic efficacy; 16.1 Introduction; 16.2 Efforts to fight cancer; 16.3 Preclinical drug evaluation in cellular and animal models; 16.4 In vivo environment; 16.5 2D vs 3D culture systems; 16.6 3D tumor models; 16.7 Methods to culture multicellular tumor spheroids; 16.8 Conclusion; 16.9 References; 17 Nanotopography of biomaterials for controlling cancer cell function; 17.1 Introduction;17.2 The influence of surface topography and roughness of PLGA on cancer cells: creation of nanoscale PLGA surfaces; 17.3 The influence of nanoscale PLGA topographies on surface wettability and surface free energy; 17.4 The influence of PLGA nanotopographies on protein adsorption; 17.5 The impact of PLGA surface nanopatterns on cancer cell functions; 17.6 The impact of nanopatterns and LBL monolayers on cell functions; 17.7 Conclusions; 17.8 References; Index.
    Digital Access ScienceDirect 2013
  • Article
    Sykes J, Metcalf E, Pickering JD.
    J Gen Microbiol. 1977 Jan;98(1):1-16.
    The unusual particles which accumulate in cell-free extracts from Escherichia coli A19 during chloramphenicol inhibition ('chloramphenicol particles') have been isolated by large-scale rate-zonal density gradient ultracentrifugation. The proteins and RNA species composing these particles have been examined. The rRNA species present are precursor and mature forms of 16S and 23S rRNA which accumulate during inhibition. The proteins prepared directly from the particles give strong multiple immunoprecipitates with antisera specific to 30S and 50S ribosomal proteins. The soluble proteins of the cell prepared in the same manner do not give this immunological reaction. Two-dimensional electrophoresis patterns of the proteins from the 'chloramphenicol particles' strongly resemble those for 30S and 50S ribosomal proteins, i.e. they are predominantly basic low molecular weight proteins, and are dissimilar to the patterns for the soluble proteins of the cell. It is concluded that the 'chloramphenicol particles' are a heterogeneous group of ribonucleoproteins comprising the bulk of the rRNA accumulating during inhibition in association with variable amounts of some of their corresponding ribosomal proteins. The particles are therefore not artefacts of preparation, as previously thought, but arrested ribosome precursors.
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