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  • Book
    Jorge L. Alió, Joseph Pikkel, editors.
    Summary: This book provides the practising ophthalmologist and surgeon with up-to-date information on the use of multifocal intraocular lenses to eliminate pseudophakic presbyopia. Guidance is provided on types and models of intraocular lens, indications, selection of patients, implantation, neuroadaptation, and complications and their avoidance. A key goal is to enable the practitioner to select the best lens for the individual patient, taking into account special circumstances. In addition, the results achieved to date with different lenses are analyzed and advice is given on the management of expectations. The authors are acknowledged international experts who draw upon their own experience and the peer-reviewed literature to provide the practitioner with cutting-edge information and evidence-based guidance.

    Contents:
    The challenges
    Historical perspective
    Types and models
    Neuro adaptation
    Preoperative considerations
    Cataract surgery and lens exchange
    Surgical complications
    Multifocal intraocular lenses after refractive surgery
    Refractive surgery after multifocal intraocular lens implantation
    Special circumstances
    Results (Meta-analysis)
    Managing the expectations.
    Digital Access Springer 2014
  • Article
    Brewster TG, Moskowitz MA, Kaufman S, Breslow JL, Milstien S, Abroms IF.
    Pediatrics. 1979 Jan;63(1):94-9.
    A deficiency of hepatic dihydropteridine reductase (DHPR) activity was found in a neurologically impaired infant with mild hyperphenylalaninemia and normal levels of hepatic phenylalanine hydroxylase. DHPR is required for the regeneration of tetrahydrobiopterin, an essential cofactor in aromatic amino acid hydroxylation, a necessary step in the biosynthesis of the neurotransmitters, dopamine and serotonin. Evidence for decreased synthesis of these transmitters in this patient was provided by the finding of reduced levels of homovanillic acid and 5-hydroxyindole acetic acid, metabolites of dopamine and serotonin, respectively, in the cerebrospinal fluid and urine. Treatment with dopamine and serotonin precursors, L-3,4 dihydroxyphenylalanine and 5-hydroxytryptophan, respectively, was associated with improvement in temperament and motor tone and less frequent seizures. However, there was no improvement in gross motor function or language development.
    Digital Access Access Options