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  • Book
    Immacolata Castellano, Antonello Merlino.
    Summary: Gamma-Glutamyl Transpeptidases (g-GTs) are members of the N-terminal nucleophile hydrolase superfamily, enzymes that cleave the g-glutamyl amide bond of glutathione to liberate cysteinylglycine. The released g-glutamyl group can be transferred to water (hydrolysis) or to amino acids or short peptides (transpeptidation). g-GT plays a key role in the gamma glutamyl cycle by regulating the cellular levels of the antioxidant glutathione, hence it is a critical enzyme in maintaining cellular redox homeostasis.g-GT is upregulated during inflammation and in several human tumors, and it is involved in many physiological disorders related to oxidative stress, such as Parkinson's disease and diabetes. Furthermore, this enzyme is used as a marker of liver disease and cancer. This book covers current knowledge about the structure-function relationship of g-GTs and gives information about applications of g-GTs in different fields ranging from clinical biochemistry to biotechnology and biomedicine.

    Contents:
    1 Introduction
    2 Occurrence, genes and gene expression
    3 Structure and function of g-GTs
    4 Autoprocessing and reaction mechanism of g-GTs
    5 g-GT in bioclinical
    6 g-GTs: biotechnological and biomedical applications
    7 Conclusions
    References.
    Digital Access Springer 2013
  • Article
    Bradley MO, Erickson LC, Kohn KW.
    Biochim Biophys Acta. 1978 Aug 23;520(1):11-20.
    Fluorescent light (5.4 J . m-2 . s-1) induces 0.041 single-strand breaks per 10(8) daltons per h in the DNA of cultured Chinese hamster cells (4.8 . 10(-6) breaks per 10(8) daltons per J . m-2). The breaks are induced at 1 degrees C and hence are not likely to be the result of endonuclease incision. When the cells are incubated at 37 degrees C, the breaks are rejoined within 2 h. At least two lesions are responsible for the observed effects. One lesion has the ability to break DNA subsequently treated with alkali but is neither toxic nor mutagenic. This lesion is produced by light of wavelength greater than approx. 350 nm. The other lesion(s) produce mutagenicity and/or toxicity, but do not necessarily produce strand breaks. These lesion(s) are produced by light of wavelength less than 350 nm.
    Digital Access Access Options