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  • Book
    Jan Tolleneer, Sigrid Sterckx, Pieter Bonte, editors.
    Summary: The book provides an in-depth discussion on the human nature concept from different perspectives and from different disciplines, analyzing its use in the doping debate and researching its normative overtones. The relation between natural talent and enhanced abilities is scrutinized within a proper conceptual and theoretical framework: is doping to be seen as a factor of the athlete's dehumanization or is it a tool to fulfill his/her aspirations to go faster, higher and stronger? Which characteristics make sports such a peculiar subject of ethical discussion and what are the, both intrinsic and extrinsic, moral dangers and opportunities involved in athletic enhancement? This volume combines fundamental philosophical anthropological reflection with applied ethics and socio-cultural and empirical approaches. Furthermore it presents guidelines to decision- and policy-makers on local, national and international levels.

    Contents:
    Self, Other, Play, Display and Humanity: Development of a Five-Level Model for the Analysis of Ethical Arguments in the Athletic Enhancement Debate / Jan Tolleneer, Paul Schotsmans
    Is Human Enhancement Unnatural and Would This Be an Ethical Problem? / Christian Lenk
    Dignified Doping: Truly Unthinkable? An Existentialist Critique of 'Talentocracy' in Sports / Pieter Bonte
    Transgressing the limits of human nature
    Subhuman, Superhuman, and Inhuman: Human Nature and the Enhanced Athlete / Eric T. Juengst
    Prometheus on Dope: A Natural Aim for Improvement or a Hubristic Drive to Mastery? / Trijsje Franssen
    Outliers, Freaks, and Cheats: Constituting Normality in the Age of Enhancement / Darian Meacham
    The normative value of human nature
    Doping Use As an Artistic Crime: On Natural Performances and Authentic Art / Andreas De Block
    Something from Nothing or Nothing from Something? Performance-Enhancing Drugs, Risk, and the Natures of Contest and of Humans / M. Andrew Holowchak
    Transhuman Athletes and Pathological Perfectionism: Recognising Limits in Sports and Human Nature / Michael J. McNamee
    Socio-cultural and empirical approaches
    "Definitely Not for Women": An Online Community's Reflections on Women's Use of Performance Enhancing Drugs in Recreational Sports / Marianne Raakilde Jespersen
    Toward a Situated and Dynamic Understanding of Doping Behaviors / Denis Hauw
    Restoring or Enhancing Athletic Bodies: Oscar Pistorius and the Threat to Pure Performance / Tara Magdalinski
    Practices and policies
    Sports Physicians, Human Nature, and the Limits of Medical Enhancement / John Hoberman
    Anti-doping Policies: Choosing Between Imperfections / Bengt Kayser, Barbara Broers
    A Simple Regulatory Principle for Performance-Enhancing Technologies: Too Good to Be True? / Roger Brownsword.
    Digital Access Springer 2013
  • Article
    Maracek I, Tokos M, Halagan J.
    Endocrinol Exp. 1977 Dec;11(4):249-62.
    Qualitative and quantitative changes of tertiary follicles were studied in ovaries of heifers during and after the treatment with melengestrol acetate (MGA--6-methyl-6-dehydro-16-methylen-17alpha-acetoxyprogesteron), the atretic tertiary follicles being classified into several types. During the administration of MGA an increased number of atretic follicles was found as well as a stimulation of glandular cells of theca interna, while after the withdrawal of the drug an increased number of normal tertiary follicles was observed estrous cycle. On the 7th day of MGA administration most of the atretic follicles were in the stage of early atresia and a few only were in the stage of luteinized cystic atresia. On the 14th day, however, most of tertiary follicles were in late atresia and only a few were in early atresia. Moreover, at the same time the number of follicles classified as luteinized cystic atresia was increased, while that of follicles showing cystic follicular atresia was decreased. After the withdrawal of MGA the most numerous group of follicles was in the stage of early atresia. It was demonstrated that the time changes in the number of follicles with a diameter larger than 5 mm resemble that of normal tertiary follicles. During MGA administration the number of follicles with a diameter of 2 to 5 mm was the largest. These findings show that MGA may effect the feed-back regulation of both the cyclic and basal secretion of gonadotropic hormones. After the withdrawal of the drug there may be higher basal secretion of gonadotropins.
    Digital Access Access Options