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  • Article
    Karadayi Y, Aydin MN, Ogrenci AS.
    IEEE Access. 2020;8:164155-164177.
    Unsupervised anomaly detection for spatio-temporal data has extensive use in a wide variety of applications such as earth science, traffic monitoring, fraud and disease outbreak detection. Most real-world time series data have a spatial dimension as an additional context which is often expressed in terms of coordinates of the region of interest (such as latitude - longitude information). However, existing techniques are limited to handle spatial and temporal contextual attributes in an integrated and meaningful way considering both spatial and temporal dependency between observations. In this paper, a hybrid deep learning framework is proposed to solve the unsupervised anomaly detection problem in multivariate spatio-temporal data. The proposed framework works with unlabeled data and no prior knowledge about anomalies are assumed. As a case study, we use the public COVID-19 data provided by the Italian Department of Civil Protection. Northern Italy regions' COVID-19 data are used to train the framework; and then any abnormal trends or upswings in COVID-19 data of central and southern Italian regions are detected. The proposed framework detects early signals of the COVID-19 outbreak in test regions based on the reconstruction error. For performance comparison, we perform a detailed evaluation of 15 algorithms on the COVID-19 Italy dataset including the state-of-the-art deep learning architectures. Experimental results show that our framework shows significant improvement on unsupervised anomaly detection performance even in data scarce and high contamination ratio scenarios (where the ratio of anomalies in the data set is more than 5%). It achieves the earliest detection of COVID-19 outbreak and shows better performance on tracking the peaks of the COVID-19 pandemic in test regions. As the timeliness of detection is quite important in the fight against any outbreak, our framework provides useful insight to suppress the resurgence of local novel coronavirus outbreaks as early as possible.
    Digital Access Access Options
  • Article
    Peng DL, Song B, Yang Y, Niu Y, Sun H.
    PLoS One. 2016;11(10):e0164177.
    Extrafloral structures are supposed to have evolved to protect flowers from harsh physical environments but might have effects on pollination. Overlapping leaves cover flowers in Eriophyton wallichii, an alpine perennial endemic to the Himalaya-Hengduan Mountains. In previous study, it has showed that these extrafloral leaves can protect interior flowers from temperature fluctuations caused by drastic solar radiation fluctuations, but these leaves may also protect interior flowers from rain wash and UVB damage, and we do not know which one is the main function. In this study, we investigated whether rain and UVB protection are the main functions of overlapping leaves covering flowers and their potential impact on pollination. We first measured the intensities of UVB radiation in open air, beneath leaves and corollas, and then examined pollen susceptibility to different intensities of UVB and rain in the laboratory to estimate whether corollas per se protect interior pollen from UVB and rain damage. We also carried out pollination treatments and observed pollinator visitation of flowers with and without leaves in the field to assess whether the overlapping leaves covering flowers impair pollinator attraction. Our results showed that (1) water and strong UVB significantly decreased pollen germinability, but corollas per se could protect pollen from UVB and rain damage; (2) no autonomous self-pollination and apomixis occurred, and pollinators were essential for the reproduction of E. wallichii; however, flower coverage by overlapping leaves did not limit pollination. We suggested that rain and UVB protection was not the main function of overlapping leaves covered flowers, given that this protection can be provided by corollas per se. Alternatively, this extrafloral structure in E. wallichii may have evolved in response to extreme high temperatures associated with the strong solar radiation fluctuations. This indicates that, even in alpine plants, extreme high temperature may affect the evolution of plant extrafloral structures.
    Digital Access Access Options
  • Article
    He S, Wei Y, Li Z, Yang C.
    Sci Total Environ. 2023 Sep 10;890:164177.
    Heavy metals (HMs) and microplastics (MPs) are ubiquitous in agricultural soils. Rhizosphere biofilms are important sites for HM adsorption, and biofilms are easily disturbed by soil MPs. However, the adsorption of HMs on rhizosphere biofilms induced by aged MPs is not clear. In this study, the adsorption behavior of Cd(II) on biofilms and pristine/aged polyethylene (PE/APE) was analyzed and quantified. The results showed that the adsorption amount of Cd(II) on APE was greater than that on PE, in which the oxygen-containing functional groups of APE could provide binding sites to increase the adsorption of HMs. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations revealed that the binding energy of Cd(II) onto APE (-6.00 kcal·mol-1) was much stronger than that of PE (7.11 kcal·mol-1) due to hydrogen bonding interactions and oxygen atom-metal interactions. For HM adsorption on MP biofilms, APE increased the adsorption capacity of Cd(II) by 4.7 % relative to PE. The pseudo-second-order kinetic and Langmuir models suitably described the adsorption kinetics and isothermal adsorption of Cd(II), respectively (R2 > 80 %), indicating that monolayer chemisorption dominated. However, the hysteresis indices of Cd(II) in the Cd(II)-Pb(II) system (< 1) were higher than those in the single system (> 1) due to the competitive adsorption of HMs. Overall, this study clarifies the effect of MPs on the adsorption of HMs in rhizosphere biofilms and will help researchers assess the ecological risks of HMs in soils.
    Digital Access Access Options
  • Book
    edited by Al S. Aly, Fabio X. Nahas.
    Summary: "Al Aly had already brought together the best plastic surgeons and doctors of the world in his first book, and now in the second edition he has compiled groundbreaking innovations and standard techniques that have proven safe and reliable over time"-- Provided by publisher.

    Contents:
    Bariatric Surgery : Ramifications for Body-Contouring Surgery / Christopher S. Armstrong, Brian R. Smith, Ninh T. Nguyen
    Belt Lipectomy / Al S. Aly and Amitabh Singh
    Lower Body Lift and Medial Thigh Lift / Ted E. Lockwood
    Circumferential Dermatolipectomy / Dirk F. Richter, Nina Schwaiger
    Brachioplasty / Al S. Aly
    Upper Body Lift / Al S. Aly
    Thigh Reduction / Al S. Aly
    Buttock Aesthetics : Shaping, Contouring, and Enhancing / Constantino Mendieta
    Breast Reshaping after Massive Weight Loss : Total Parenchymal Reshaping and Dermal Suspension / J. Peter Rubin, Siamak Agha-Mohammadi, James P. O'Toole, Khalid Almutairi
    Correction of a Massive-Weight-Loss Breast Deformity / Andre Levesque, Alvin B. Cohn, James C. Grotting.
    Digital Access
    Provider
    Version
    Thieme MedOne Plastic Surgery
    [2024]
    Thieme-Connect
    [2024]