Today's Hours: 8:00am - 8:00pm
Lane Medical Library

Search

Filter Results

Did You Mean:

Search Results

Sort by
relevance
  • Article
    Horcholle-Bossavit G, Quenet B.
    MethodsX. 2021;8:101258.
    Many physiological functions are based on motor rhythmic activities, among them breathing is a vital issue. The method presented here, or 'temporal grid extraction', aims at characterizing the temporal organization of such an activity. Beyond the measurement of the fundamental frequency, defining the successive cycles, some signal processing tools are helpful in order to look for the presence of higher frequency components that potentially structure these cycles. The method is applied to neurograms recorded from frog brainstem preparations, where two cycle types, buccal and lung cycles, may alternate. It relies on:•Continues Wavelet Transform (CWT) for time-frequency maps and frequency profiles•Crosscorrelation analysis for amplitude maps and amplitude profiles•Cycle-by-cycle autocorrelation analysis for autocorrelation maps and autocorrelation profilesUsing this method, the maps and profiles have revealed that a common high frequency clock drives both buccal and lung cycles.
    Digital Access Access Options
  • Article
    Gupta D, Patterson AM, Osborne-Lawrence S, Bookout AL, Varshney S, Shankar K, Singh O, Metzger NP, Richard CP, Wyler SC, Elmquist JK, Zigman JM.
    Mol Metab. 2021 11;53:101258.
    OBJECTIVE: Acyl-ghrelin regulates eating, body weight, blood glucose, and GH secretion upon binding to its receptor GHSR (growth hormone secretagogue receptor; ghrelin receptor). GHSR is distributed in several brain regions and some peripheral cell-types including pituitary somatotrophs. The objective of the current study was to determine the functional significance of acyl-ghrelin's action on GHSR-expressing somatotrophs in mediating GH secretion and several of acyl-ghrelin's metabolic actions.
    METHODS: GH-IRES-Cre mice and loxP-flanked (floxed) GHSR mice were newly developed and then crossed to one another to generate mice that lacked GHSR selectively from somatotrophs. Following validation of mice with somatotroph-selective GHSR deletion, metabolic responses of these mice and control littermates were assessed following both acute and chronic acyl-ghrelin administration, a 24-h fast, and a prolonged 60% chronic caloric restriction protocol modeling starvation.
    RESULTS: In mice with somatotroph-selective GHSR deletion, a single peripheral injection of acyl-ghrelin failed to induce GH secretion or increase food intake, unlike wild-type and other littermate control groups. However, the usual acute blood glucose increase in response to the acyl-ghrelin bolus was preserved. Similarly, chronic s.c. acyl-ghrelin administration to mice with somatotroph-selective GHSR deletion failed to increase plasma GH, food intake, or body weight. Physiologically elevating plasma acyl-ghrelin via a 24-h fast also failed to raise plasma GH and resulted in a limited hyperphagic response upon food reintroduction in mice with somatotroph-selective GHSR deletion, although those mice nonetheless did not exhibit an exaggerated reduction in blood glucose. Physiologically elevating plasma acyl-ghrelin via a 15-day caloric restriction protocol which provided only 40% of usual daily calories failed to raise plasma GH in mice with somatotroph-selective GHSR deletion, although those mice did not exhibit life-threatening hypoglycemia.
    CONCLUSIONS: These results reveal that direct engagement of GHSR-expressing somatotrophs is required for a peripheral ghrelin bolus to acutely stimulate GH secretion and the actions of chronic acyl-ghrelin delivery and physiological plasma acyl-ghrelin elevations to increase plasma GH. These results also suggest that actions of acyl-ghrelin to increase food intake and body weight are reliant on direct activation of GHSRs expressed on somatotrophs. Furthermore, these results suggest that the glucoregulatory actions of acyl-ghrelin - in particular, its actions to raise blood glucose when acutely administered, prevent small blood glucose drops following a 24-h fast, and avert life-threatening hypoglycemia during an acute-on-chronic caloric restriction protocol - do not depend on GHSR expression by somatotrophs.
    Digital Access Access Options
  • Article
    Cobley JN, Noble A, Jimenez-Fernandez E, Valdivia Moya MT, Guille M, Husi H.
    Redox Biol. 2019 09;26:101258.
    Using non-reducing Western blotting to assess protein thiol redox state is challenging because most reduced and oxidised forms migrate at the same molecular weight and are, therefore, indistinguishable. While copper catalysed Click chemistry can be used to ligate a polyethylene glycol (PEG) moiety termed Click PEGylation to mass shift the reduced or oxidised form as desired, the potential for copper catalysed auto-oxidation is problematic. Here we define a catalyst-free trans-cyclooctene-methyltetrazine (TCO-Tz) inverse electron demand Diels Alder chemistry approach that affords rapid (k ~2000 M-1 s-1), selective and bio-orthogonal Click PEGylation. We used TCO-Tz Click PEGylation to investigate how fertilisation impacts reversible mitochondrial ATP synthase F1-Fo sub-unit alpha (ATP-α-F1) oxidation-an established molecular correlate of impaired enzyme activity-in Xenopus laevis. TCO-Tz Click PEGylation studies reveal substantial (~65%) reversible ATP-α-F1 oxidation at evolutionary conserved cysteine residues (i.e., C244 and C294) before and after fertilisation. A single thiol is, however, preferentially oxidised likely due to greater solvent exposure during the catalytic cycle. Selective reduction experiments show that: S-glutathionylation accounts for ~50-60% of the reversible oxidation observed, making it the dominant oxidative modification type. Intermolecular disulphide bonds may also contribute due to their relative stability. Substantial reversible ATP-α-F1 oxidation before and after fertilisation is biologically meaningful because it implies low mitochondrial F1-Fo ATP synthase activity. Catalyst-free TCO-Tz Click PEGylation is a valuable new tool to interrogate protein thiol redox state in health and disease.
    Digital Access Access Options
  • Article
    Zhang X, Ren H, Gao L, Shia BC, Chen MC, Ye L, Wang R, Qin L.
    Inform Med Unlocked. 2023;39:101258.
    Social stress in daily life and the COVID-19 pandemic have greatly impacted the mental health of the population. Early detection of a predisposition to severe psychological distress is essential for timely interventions. This paper analyzed 4036 samples participating in the 2019-2020 National Health Information Trends Survey (HINTS) and identified 57 candidate predictors of severe psychological distress based on univariate chi-square and t-test analyses. Five machine learning methods, namely logistic regression (LR), automatic generalized linear models (Auto-GLM), automatic random forests (Auto-Random Forests), automatic deep neural networks (Auto-Deep learning) and automatic gradient boosting machines (Auto-GBM), were employed to model synthetic minority oversampling technique-based (SMOTE) resampled data and identify predictors of severe psychological distress. Predictors were evaluated by odds ratios in logistic models and variable importance in the other models. Forty-seven variables were identified as significant predictors of severe psychological distress, including 13 sociodemographic variables and 34 variables related to individual lifestyle and behavioral habits. Among them, new potentially relevant variables related to an individual's level of concern and trust in cancer information, exposure to health care providers, and cancer screening and awareness are included. The performance of each model was evaluated using five-fold cross-validation. The optimal model performance-wise was Auto-GBM with an accuracy of 89.75%, a precision of 89.68%, a recall of 89.31%, an F1-score of 89.48% and an AUC of 95.57%. Significant predictors of severe psychological distress were identified in this study and the value of machine learning methods in predicting severe psychological distress is demonstrated, thereby enhancing pre-prediction and clinical decision-making of severe psychological distress problems.
    Digital Access Access Options
  • Article
    Feng J, Li T, Lv M, Kim S, Shin JH, Zhao N, Chen Q, Gong Y, Sun Y, Zhao Z, Zhu N, Cao J, Fang W, Chen B, Zheng S, Xu Z, Jin X, Shen Y, Qiu Y, Yin H, Jiang S, Li J, Ying Y, Chen L, Liu Y, Jia J, Zuo C, Xu J, Gu Y, Xu W.
    EClinicalMedicine. 2022 Jan;43:101258.
    BACKGROUND: A previous randomized controlled trial showed contralateral seventh cervical nerve (CC7) cross transfer to be safe and effective in restoring the arm function of spastic arm paralysis patients in a specified population. Guidance on indications, safety and expected long-term improvements of the surgery are needed for clinical practice.
    METHODS: This is a retrospective, multicenter, propensity score-matched cohort study. All patients registered between 2013 and 2019 with unilateral spastic arm paralysis over 1 year who were registered at one of five centers in China and South Korea were included. Patients received CC7 cross transfer or rehabilitation treatment in each center. Primary outcome was the change in the upper-extremity Fugl-Meyer (UEFM) score from baseline to 2-year follow-up; larger increase indicated better functional improvements.
    FINDINGS: The analysis included 425 eligible patients. After propensity score matching, 336 patients who were 1:1 matched into surgery and rehabilitation groups. Compared to previous trial, patient population was expanded on age (< 12 and > 45 years old), duration of disease (< 5 years) and severity of paralysis (severe disabled patients with UEFM < 20 points). In matched patients, the overall increases of UEFM score from preoperative evaluation to 2-year follow-up were 15.14 in the surgery group and 2.35 in the rehabilitation group (difference, 12.79; 95% CI: 12.02-13.56, p < 0.001). This increase was 16.58 at 3-year and 18.42 at 5-year follow-up compared with the surgery group baseline. Subgroup analysis revealed substantial increase on UEFM score in each subgroup of age, duration of disease, severity of paralysis and cause of injury. No severe complication or disabling sequela were reported in the surgery group.
    INTERPRETATION: This study showed that CC7 cross transfer can provide effective, safe and stable functional improvements in long-term follow-up, and provided evidences for expanding the indications of the surgery to a wider population of patients with hemiplegia.
    Digital Access Access Options
  • Article
    Hoffman L, Hall GJ.
    J Sch Psychol. 2024 02;102:101258.
    Longitudinal data can provide inferences at both the between-person and within-person levels of analysis, but only to the extent that the statistical models chosen for data analysis are specified to adequately capture these distinct sources of association. The present work focuses on auto-regressive cross-lagged panel models, which have long been used to examine time-lagged reciprocal relations and mediation among multiple variables measured repeatedly over time. Unfortunately, many common implementations of these models fail to distinguish between-person associations among individual differences in the variables' amounts and changes over time, and thus confound between-person and within-person relations either partially or entirely, leading to inaccurate results. Furthermore, in the increasingly complex model variants that continue to be developed, what is not easily appreciated is how substantial differences in interpretation can be created by what appear to be trivial differences in model specification. In the present work, we aimed to (a) help analysts become better acquainted with the some of the more common model variants that fall under this larger umbrella, and (b) explicate what characteristics of one's data and research questions should be considered in selecting a model. Supplementary Materials include annotated model syntax and output using Mplus, lavaan in R, and sem in Stata to help translate these concepts into practice.
    Digital Access Access Options
  • Article
    Yang L, Zhang L, Yang W, Tang F, Du Y, Liu J.
    Gen Psychiatr. 2023;36(6):e101258.
    Digital Access Access Options
  • Article
    Kellen D, Steiner MD, Davis-Stober CP, Pappas NR.
    Cogn Psychol. 2020 05;118:101258.
    Important developments in the study of decision making have been based on the establishment and testing of choice paradoxes (e.g., Allais') that reject different theories (e.g., Expected Utility Theory). One of the most popular and celebrated models in the literature, Cumulative Prospect Theory (CPT), has managed to retain its status despite a growing body of empirical evidence stemming from a collection of choice paradoxes that reject it. Two alternative models, Transfer of Attention Exchange (TAX) and an extension of Decision Field Theory (DFTe), have been proposed as possible alternatives to CPT. To date, no study has directly compared these three models within the context of a large set of lottery problems that tests different choice paradoxes. The present study accomplishes this by using a large and diverse set of lottery problems, involving both potential gains and losses. Our results support the presence and robustness of a set of 'strong' choice paradoxes that reject CPT irrespective of its parametric form. Model comparison results show that DFTe provides the best account for the present set of lottery problems, as it is able to accommodate the choice data at large in a parsimonious fashion. The success of DFTe shows that many behavioral phenomena, including paradoxes that CPT cannot account for, can be successfully captured by a simple noisy-sampling process. Overall, our results suggest that researchers should move away from CPT, and focus their efforts on alternative models such as DFTe.
    Digital Access Access Options
  • Article
    Subach R, Sullivan J.
    Disabil Health J. 2022 04;15(2):101258.
    BACKGROUND: Persons with intellectual/developmental disabilities (IDD) may struggle to achieve and manage independent living and may often require assistance from caregivers. Teaching adults with IDD to perform activities to promote independence, with the least amount of assistance, may improve their self-determination and independence.
    OBJECTIVE: The Ram Chefs program is a virtual culinary program designed to teach basic cooking skills to adults with IDD. The first purpose of this qualitative study was to explore differences in perception of cooking independence between young adults with IDD (N = 8) and parents/caregivers (N = 9). The second purpose was to evaluate the satisfaction and continue growth of the Ram Chefs program.
    METHODS: The Active Engagement Model provided the conceptual framework for this qualitative phenomenological study. To explore the shared experiences of the adults with IDD versus their parents/caregivers' perception of meal choice and independence in preparation, one-on-one interviews were conducted. Focus groups were conducted to evaluate the satisfaction of the Ram Chefs program. Data were analyzed using focused coding, significant statement formulation, and development of structural descriptions.
    RESULTS: Three themes emerged: adults with IDD can cook easy-to-prepare meals independently, adults with IDD want total meal preparation independence, and parents/caregivers thought total meal preparation independence was achievable with assistance. There were no stated discrepancies between the adults with IDD and the parents/caregivers regarding their meal choice/preparation. Results indicated the young adults with IDD benefitted from the virtual culinary program and wanted to continue improving culinary skills, offering them more cooking independence and their parents/caregivers believe that this is possible.
    CONCLUSION: Increasing cooking independence for young adults with IDD may offer benefits including increased self-efficacy and self-determination, may improve nutrition education to support healthier eating, and increase employability in the food service arena.
    Digital Access Access Options
  • Article
    Smit DJ, Pantel K.
    Mol Aspects Med. 2024 04;96:101258.
    Over the past decade, novel methods for enrichment and identification of cancer cells circulating in the blood have been established. Blood-based detection of cancer cells and other tumor-associated products can be summarized under the term of Liquid Biopsy. Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) have been used for diagnosis, risk stratification and treatment selection as well as treatment monitoring in several studies over the past years, thus representing a valuable biomarker for cancer patients. A plethora of methods to enrich, detect and analyze CTCs has been established. In contrast to other liquid biopsy analytes (e.g. ctDNA), CTCs represent a viable analyte that provides a unique opportunity to understand the underlaying biology of cancer and the metastatic cascade on the molecular level. In this review, we provide an overview on the current methods used for enrichment, detection, molecular and functional characterization of CTCs.
    Digital Access Access Options
  • Article
    Lam C, Sarasohn D, Weigelt B, Zamarin D.
    Gynecol Oncol Rep. 2023 Oct;49:101258.
    Combination therapy of lenvatinib, a multitargeted tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI), plus pembrolizumab, a monoclonal antibody targeting programmed death receptor 1 (PD-1), was recently approved by the Food and Drug Administration for therapy of advanced endometrial cancer. This case series highlights three patients with endometrial serous carcinoma who experienced disease stabilization or slow progression on lenvatinib plus pembrolizumab followed by rapid symptomatic growth of disease after lenvatinib discontinuation, and subsequent repeated response and symptom resolution after lenvatinib re-initiation. All patients died of disease complications 3 to 10 months after retreatment with lenvatinib. These observations highlight an important phenomenon of lenvatinib withdrawal rebound, likely driven by oncogenic signaling pathways upregulated in response to lenvatinib therapy. The findings of this case series represent a potential area for further research into the underlying mechanism for rebound and repeated response to lenvatinib, as well as strategies to mitigate disease flare related to lenvatinib withdrawal.
    Digital Access Access Options
  • Article
    Sardeli C, Zarogoulidis P, Romanidis K, Oikonomou P, Sapalidis K, Huang H, Bai C, Hohenforst-Schmidt W, Tsakiridis K, Zaric B, Perin B, Ioannidis A, Baka S, Drevelegas K, Kosmidou M, Kosmidis C.
    Respir Med Case Rep. 2020;31:101258.
    Nowadays we have novel therapies for advanced stage non-small cell lung cancer. Immunotherapy has been introduced in the market for several years and until now its administration is mostly based on the programmed death-ligand 1. First line treatment with immunotherapy can be administered alone if programmed death-ligand 1 expression is ≥ 50%. All therapies for advanced stage disease have advantages and disadvantages, immunotherapy until now has presented mild adverse effects when compared to chemotherapy. However; it is known to induce inflammatory response to different tissues within the body. In our case acute pneumothorax was induced after immunotherapy administration.
    Digital Access Access Options
  • Article
    Nagy PD.
    Curr Opin Virol. 2022 Oct;56:101258.
    Positive-strand RNA viruses replicate in intracellular membranous structures formed after virus-driven intensive manipulation of subcellular organelles and membranes. These unique structures are called viral-replication organelles (VROs). To build VROs, the replication proteins coded by (+)RNA viruses co-opt host proteins, including membrane-shaping, lipid synthesis, and lipid-modification enzymes to create an optimal microenvironment that (i) concentrates the viral replicase and associated host proteins and the viral RNAs; (ii) regulates enzymatic activities and spatiotemporally the replication process; and (iii) protects the viral RNAs from recognition and degradation by the host innate immune defense. Tomato bushy stunt virus (TBSV), a plant (+)RNA virus, serves as an advanced model to study the interplay among viral components, co-opted host proteins, lipids, and membranes. This review presents our current understanding of the complex interaction between TBSV and host with panviral implications.
    Digital Access Access Options
  • Article
    Horikawa M, Sabe H, Onodera Y.
    Transl Oncol. 2022 Jan;15(1):101258.
    BACKGROUND: The cell-surface enzyme carbonic anhydrase IX (CAIX/CA9) promotes tumor growth, survival, invasion, and metastasis, mainly via its pH-regulating functions. Owing to its tumor-specific expression, CAIX-targeting antibodies/chemicals are utilized for therapeutic and diagnostic purposes. However, mechanisms of CAIX trafficking, which affects such CAIX-targeting modalities remain unclear. In this study, roles of the AMAP1-PRKD2 pathway, which mediates integrin recycling of invasive cancer cells, in CAIX trafficking were investigated.
    METHODS: Using highly invasive MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells, the physical association and colocalization of endogenous proteins were analyzed by immunoprecipitation and immunofluorescence, protein/mRNA levels were quantified by western blotting/qPCR, and cell-surface transport and intracellular/extracellular pH regulation were measured by biotin-labeling and fluorescent dye-based assays, respectively. The correlation between mRNA levels and patients' prognoses was analyzed using a TCGA breast cancer dataset.
    RESULTS: AMAP1 associated with the CAIX protein complex, and they colocalized at the plasma membrane and tubulovesicular structures. AMAP1 knockdown reduced total/surface CAIX, induced its lysosomal accumulation and degradation, and affected intracellular/extracellular pH. PRKD2 knockdown excluded AMAP1 from the CAIX complex and reduced total CAIX in a lysosome-dependent manner. Unexpectedly, AMAP1 knockdown also reduced CAIX mRNA. AMAP1 interacted with PIAS3, which stabilizes HIF-1α, a transcriptional regulator of CA9. AMAP1 knockdown inhibited the PIAS3-HIF-1α interaction and destabilized the HIF-1α protein. High-ASAP1 (AMAP1-encoding gene) together with high-PIAS3 correlated with high-CA9 and an unfavorable prognosis in breast cancer.
    CONCLUSION: The AMAP1-PRKD2 pathway regulates CAIX trafficking, and modulates its total/surface expression. The AMAP1-PIAS3 interaction augments CA9 transcription by stabilizing HIF-1α, presumably contributing to an unfavorable prognosis.
    Digital Access Access Options
  • Article
    de Souto Barreto P, Vellas B, Rolland Y.
    Ageing Res Rev. 2021 03;66:101258.
    The recent pandemics of the SARS-Cov-2 has pushed physical activity (PA) and exercise at the forefront of the discussion, since PA is associated with a reduced risk of developing all the chronic diseases strongly associated with severe cases of SARS-Cov-2 and exercise is considered a complimentary therapeutics for the treatment of these age-related conditions. The mechanisms through which PA and exercise could contribute to reduce the severity of the SARS-Cov-2 infection would be multiple, including their capacity to boost the immune system, but also their global effect on slowing down the progression of the aging process. The present perspective presents a discussion on how PA and exercise might hypothetically be linked with SARS-Cov-2 infection, current scientific gaps and shortcomings as well as recommendations for advancing research in this area, placing the debate in the context of aging and gerosciences.
    Digital Access Access Options
  • Article
    Choi EJ, Vandewouw MM, de Villa K, Inoue T, Taylor MJ.
    Dev Cogn Neurosci. 2023 Jun;61:101258.
    Dorsal striatum, principally comprising of caudate and putamen, is well-known to support motor function but also various higher-order cognitive functions. This is enabled by developing short- and long-range connections to distributed cortical regions throughout the life span, but few studies have examined developmental changes from young children to adults in the same cohort. Here we investigated the development of dorsal-striatal network in a large (n = 476), single-site sample of healthy subjects 3-42 years of age in three groups (children, adolescence, adults). The results showed that the connectivity within the striatum and to sensorimotor regions was established at an early stage of life and remained strong in adolescence, supporting that sensory-seeking behaviours and habit formation are important learning mechanisms during the developmental periods. This connectivity diminished with age, as many behaviours become more efficient and automated. Adolescence demonstrated a remarkable transition phase where the connectivity to dorsolateral prefrontal cortex emerged but connectivity to the dorsomedial prefrontal and posterior brain, which belong to the ventral attentional and default mode networks, was only seen in adults. This prolonged maturation in between-network integration may explain the behavioural characteristics of adolescents in that they exhibit elaborated cognitive performance but also demonstrate high risk-taking behaviours.
    Digital Access Access Options
  • Article
    Mattigk A, Klein JT, Martini T.
    Urol Case Rep. 2020 Nov;33:101258.
    The leading cause of scrotal pain in the geriatric population is epididymitis. Testicular torsion is rare in adult men. This case report of an 82-year old man with acute scrotum represents the second oldest patient reported in published studies. Due to the long delay between the onset of clinical symptoms and surgical exploration, the testicular infarction with necrosis and orchiectomy ultimately occurred. The diagnosis of testicular torsion in the geriatric population is often delayed and lacks awareness for the diagnosis.
    Digital Access Access Options
  • Article
    Littler DR, Gully BS, Colson RN, Rossjohn J.
    iScience. 2020 Jul 24;23(7):101258.
    Many of the SARS-CoV-2 proteins have related counterparts across the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS-CoV) family. One such protein is non-structural protein 9 (Nsp9), which is thought to mediate viral replication, overall virulence, and viral genomic RNA reproduction. We sought to better characterize the SARS-CoV-2 Nsp9 and subsequently solved its X-ray crystal structure, in an apo form and, unexpectedly, in a peptide-bound form with a sequence originating from a rhinoviral 3C protease sequence (LEVL). The SARS-CoV-2 Nsp9 structure revealed the high level of structural conservation within the Nsp9 family. The exogenous peptide binding site is close to the dimer interface and impacted the relative juxtapositioning of the monomers within the homodimer. We have established a protocol for the production of SARS-CoV-2 Nsp9, determined its structure, and identified a peptide-binding site that warrants further study to understanding Nsp9 function.
    Digital Access Access Options
  • Article
    Mohanty SK, Singh SK, Sharma SK, Banerji K, Acharya R.
    SSM Popul Health. 2022 Sep;19:101258.
    The wealth index based on household assets and amenities is been increasingly used to explain economic variations of health outcomes in the developing countries. While the variables used to compute the wealth index are easy to collect and time- and cost-effective, the wealth index tends to have an urban bias, uses arbitrary weighting, does not provide per capita measures and is a poor measure of inequality. We used micro data from two of the large-scale population-based surveys, the Longitudinal Ageing Study in India, 2017-18 and the India Human Development Survey, 2011-12 that covered over 42,000 households each and collected data on household consumption, assets and amenities in India. We examined the variations and inequality in health estimates by consumption per capita and asset-based measures in India. Descriptive statistics, logistic regression model, concentration index, and concentration curve were used in the analyses. We found a weak association between monthly per capita consumption expenditure (MPCE) and wealth index in both the surveys. Some of the health conditions such as hypertension, cataract, refractive error, and diabetes tended to be underestimated in the bottom 40% of the population when economic well-being was measured using the wealth index compared to consumption. Socio-economic inequality in health outcome, inpatient and outpatient health services were underestimated when measured using the wealth index than when measured using MPCE. We conclude that economic gradients of health by consumption and wealth index are inconsistent and that per capita consumption predicts health estimates better than the wealth index. It is recommended that public health research using population-based surveys that provide data on consumption and wealth index use per capita consumption to explain economic variations in health and health care utilization. We also suggest that the future rounds of the health surveys of National Sample Survey and the National Family and Health Surveys include an abridged version of the consumption schedule to predict better economic variations in health and health care utilization in India.
    Digital Access Access Options
  • Article
    Wang Q, Guo Y, Tam AR, Valdez R, Gordon A, Liu L, Ho DD.
    Cell Rep Med. 2023 11 21;4(11):101258.
    To combat the evolving SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variants, bivalent COVID-19 mRNA vaccines, encoding both ancestral and Omicron BA.5 spikes, have replaced monovalent vaccines in numerous countries. However, fourth doses of either vaccine result in similar neutralizing antibody titers against Omicron subvariants, raising the possibility of immunological imprinting. To address this, we investigate antibody responses in 72 participants given three doses of a monovalent mRNA vaccine, followed by a bivalent or monovalent booster, or those with breakthrough infections with BA.5 or BQ. Bivalent boosters do not show notably higher binding or virus-neutralizing titers against various SARS-CoV-2 variants compared to monovalent ones. However, breakthrough infections lead to significantly better neutralization of Omicron subvariants. Multiple analyses, including antigenic mapping, suggest that the ancestral spike in bivalent vaccines is causing deep immunological imprinting, preventing broadening of antibodies to the BA.5 component, thereby defeating its intended goal. Its removal from future vaccine compositions is therefore strongly recommended.
    Digital Access Access Options