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- ArticleCosta A, Monaco M, Zabberoni S, Peppe A, Perri R, Fadda L, Iannarelli F, Caltagirone C, Carlesimo GA.PLoS One. 2014;9(1):e86233.The hypothesis has been advanced that memory disorders in individuals with Parkinson's disease (PD) are related to either retrieval or consolidation failure. However, the characteristics of the memory impairments of PD patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment have not been clarified. This study was aimed at investigating whether memory deficits in PD patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (PDaMCI) are due to failure of retrieval or consolidation processes. Sixteen individuals with PDaMCI, 20 with amnestic mild cognitive impairment without PD (aMCINPD), and 20 healthy controls were recruited. Participants were administered the Free and Cued Selective Reminding Test. An index of cueing was computed for each subject to capture the advantage in retrieval of cued compared to free recall. Individuals with PDaMCI performed worse than healthy controls on the free recall (p<0.01) but not the cued recall (p>0.10) task, and they performed better than aMCINPD subjects on both recall measures (p<0.01). The index of cueing of subjects with PD was comparable to that of healthy controls (p>0.10) but it was significantly higher than that of the aMCINPD sample (p<0.01). Moreover, PD patients' performance on free recall trials was significantly predicted by scores on a test investigating executive functions (i.e., the Modified Card Sorting Test; p = 0.042). Findings of the study document that, in subjects with amnestic mild cognitive impairment associated to PD, episodic memory impairment is related to retrieval rather than to consolidation failure. The same data suggest that, in these individuals, memory deficits might be due to altered frontal-related executive functioning.
- BookBarbara Nickel, Lisa Gorski, Tricia Kleidon, Amy Kyes, Michelle DeVries, Samantha Keogh, Britt Meyer, Mary Jo Sarver, Rachael Crickman, Jenny Ong, Simon Clare, Mary E. Hagle.Summary: "This edition of the Standards was written and developed by an international group of clinical experts who are entrenched in the altruistic pursuit of excellence in infusion therapy. The rigor applied to the revision of this edition is exceptional. Additional content addresses 3 emerging practice challenges/trends in infusion therapy through the inclusion of new standards: Drug Diversion in Infusion Therapy, Vasopressor Administration, and Home Infusion Therapy. The Standards statements are declarative and straightforward, establishing the practice expectations of each clinician by which the quality of practice, service, or education is judged"-- Page S1.
Contents:
Infusion therapy practice
Patient and clinician safety
Infection prevention and control
Infusion equipment
Vascular access device selection and insertion
Vascular access device management
Vascular access device complications
Other infusion devices
Infusion therapies.