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  • Article
    Uribe KB, Etxebarria A, Martín C, Ostolaza H.
    PLoS One. 2013;8(6):e67648.
    Bordetella pertussis, the whooping cough pathogen, secretes several virulence factors among which adenylate cyclase toxin (ACT) is essential for establishment of the disease in the respiratory tract. ACT weakens host defenses by suppressing important bactericidal activities of the phagocytic cells. Up to now, it was believed that cell intoxication by ACT was a consequence of the accumulation of abnormally high levels of cAMP, generated exclusively beneath the host plasma membrane by the toxin N-terminal catalytic adenylate cyclase (AC) domain, upon its direct translocation across the lipid bilayer. Here we show that host calpain, a calcium-dependent Cys-protease, is activated into the phagocytes by a toxin-triggered calcium rise, resulting in the proteolytic cleavage of the toxin N-terminal domain that releases a catalytically active "soluble AC". The calpain-mediated ACT processing allows trafficking of the "soluble AC" domain into subcellular organella. At least two strategic advantages arise from this singular toxin cleavage, enhancing the specificity of action, and simultaneously preventing an indiscriminate activation of cAMP effectors throughout the cell. The present study provides novel insights into the toxin mechanism of action, as the calpain-mediated toxin processing would confer ACT the capacity for a space- and time-coordinated production of different cAMP "pools", which would play different roles in the cell pathophysiology.
    Digital Access Access Options
  • Book
    Mary Lynne Knighten, DNP, RN, NEA-BC, KT Waxman, DNP, MBA, RN, CNL, CENP, CHSE, FSSH, FAONL, FAAN.
    Summary: "The original textbook by Dr. Susan Penner was written 20 years ago as the Introduction to Health Care Economics and Financial Management: Fundamental Concepts with Practical Application. It has helped nurses, nurse leaders, students, and faculty to understand, develop knowledge, and gain competency in the often complex world of finance and economics. It has been a very thorough and practical book for both the classroom and practice environments. We want to thank Dr. Penner for her vision and the execution of a resource that has stood the test of time and changing healthcare and reimbursement environments. Furthermore, we are humbled and grateful that Dr. Penner would entrust her life's work to us in revising the fourth edition of Economics and Financial Management for Nurses and Nurse Leaders, so many more generations of nurses may benefit from her wisdom. To honor Dr. Penner, it is with these sentiments in mind that we've renamed the book Penner's Economics and Financial Management for Nurses and Nurse Leaders, Fourth Edition"-- Provided by publisher.

    Contents:
    Chapter 1. Economics of health care
    Chapter 2. Healthcare reimbursement and insurance
    Chapter 3. Quantifying nursing care, staffing, and productivity
    Chapter 4. Budget planning
    Chapter 5. Reporting and managing budgets
    Chpater 6. Special purpose, capital, and other budgets
    Chapter 7. Cost-benefit analysis
    Chapter 8. Assessing financial health
    Chapter 9. Building a business case
    Chapter 10. Entrepreneurship, contract negotiation, and practice management
    Chapter 11. Grant writing for helathcare programs
    Chater 12. Ethical issues and financial issues in international healthcare systems
    Chapter 13. Health policy and future trends.
    Digital Access R2Library [2024], ©2024