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  • Article
    Micolucci L, Akhtar MM, Olivieri F, Rippo MR, Procopio AD.
    Oncotarget. 2016 Sep 06;7(36):58606-58637.
    BACKGROUND: Asbestos is a harmful and exceptionally persistent natural material. Malignant mesothelioma (MM), an asbestos-related disease, is an insidious, lethal cancer that is poorly responsive to current treatments. Minimally invasive, specific, and sensitive biomarkers providing early and effective diagnosis in high-risk patients are urgently needed. MicroRNAs (miRNAs, miRs) are endogenous, non-coding, small RNAs with established diagnostic value in cancer and pollution exposure. A systematic review and a qualitative meta-analysis were conducted to identify high-confidence miRNAs that can serve as biomarkers of asbestos exposure and MM.
    METHODS: The major biomedical databases were systematically searched for miRNA expression signatures related to asbestos exposure and MM. The qualitative meta-analysis applied a novel vote-counting method that takes into account multiple parameters. The most significant miRNAs thus identified were then subjected to functional and bioinformatic analysis to assess their biomarker potential.
    RESULTS: A pool of deregulated circulating and tissue miRNAs with biomarker potential for MM was identified and designated as "mesomiRs" (MM-associated miRNAs). Comparison of data from asbestos-exposed and MM subjects found that the most promising candidates for a multimarker signature were circulating miR-126-3p, miR-103a-3p, and miR-625-3p in combination with mesothelin. The most consistently described tissue miRNAs, miR-16-5p, miR-126-3p, miR-143-3p, miR-145-5p, miR-192-5p, miR-193a-3p, miR-200b-3p, miR-203a-3p, and miR-652-3p, were also found to provide a diagnostic signature and should be further investigated as possible therapeutic targets.
    CONCLUSION: The qualitative meta-analysis and functional investigation confirmed the early diagnostic value of two miRNA signatures for MM. Large-scale, standardized validation studies are needed to assess their clinical relevance, so as to move from the workbench to the clinic.
    Digital Access Access Options
  • Article
    Jia L, Wu J, Zhang L, Chen J, Zhong D, Xu S, Xie C, Cai J.
    PLoS One. 2013;8(3):e58637.
    Dysregulated miRNAs play critical roles during carcinogenesis and cancer progression. In the present study, the function of miR-1228* in regulating cancer progression was investigated in gastric cancer. Decreased expression of miR-1228* was observed in human gastric cancer tissues comparing to normal tissues. Subsequently, the role of miR-1228* was evaluated in vivo using the tumor xenograft model. In this model, miR-1228* overexpression suppressed xenograft tumor formation. Furthermore, we demonstrated miR-1228* negatively regulated NF-κB activity in SGC-7901 gastric cancer cells and found that CK2A2 was a target of miR-1228*. Upregulation of miR-1228* decreased the expression of mesenchymal markers and increased the epithelial marker E-cadherin, suggesting its potential role in suppressing epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Collectively, these findings provide the first evidence that miR-1228* plays an important role in regulating gastric cancer growth and suggest that selective restoration of miR-1228* might be beneficial for gastric cancer therapy.
    Digital Access Access Options
  • Book
    Thomas Bodenheimer, Kevin Grumbach, Rachel Willard-Grace.
    Summary: "This is a book about health policy as well as individual patients and caregivers and how they interact with each other and with the overall health system. When treating a patient's illness, health expenditures as a percentage of gross domestic product or variations in surgical rates between one city and another seem remote if not irrelevant-but they are neither remote nor irrelevant. Health policy affects the patients we see on a daily basis. Managed care referral rules determine which specialist will see a patient; coverage gaps in the Medicare benefit package affects access to care for the elderly. Understanding Health Policy hopes to bridge the gap separating the microworld of individual patient care and the macrouniverse of health policy"-- Provided by publisher.

    Contents:
    Introduction: the strengths and weaknesses of US health care
    How money moves
    Paying for health care: health insurance and access to health care
    Paying health care providers: health equity
    Medical ethics and rationing of health care
    How health care is organized I: primary, secondary, and tertiary care
    How health care is organized II: health care delivery systems
    The health care workforce and the education of health professionals
    Long-term care
    Painful versus painless cost control
    Mechanisms for controlling costs
    Quality of health care
    Population health and disease prevention
    Health care in four nations
    Health care reform and national health insurance
    The business of US health care
    Conclusion: tensions and challenges
    Questions to assess understanding.
    Digital Access AccessMedicine [2024]