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  • Article
    Pan C, Tie B, Yuwen W, Su X, Deng Y, Ma X, Wu Y, Liao Y, Kong L, Zhang Y, Li Z, Pan Q, Tang Q.
    BMJ Open. 2022 Feb 15;12(2):e053501.
    INTRODUCTION: Insomnia has a remarkably negative effect on the work, quality of life and psychosomatic health of individuals, and imposes a substantial economic burden on society. Mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) have proven beneficial in the treatment of insomnia. However, the effect of mobile or online-based (mHealth) MBIs requires further verification. This study will evaluate the effectiveness of an mHealth MBI, 'Mindful Living with Insomnia' (MLWI), relative to that of mHealth cognitive behavioural therapy for insomnia (CBT-I).
    METHODS AND ANALYSIS: The study is an mHealth, randomised controlled trial. Two hundred and fifty participants will be allocated randomly and equally to either the MLWI or CBT-I group. The intervention will involve 12 sessions over a 6-week course, with 2, 30 min sessions per week. The primary outcomes are sleep quality, severity of insomnia symptoms and sleep activity, according to the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, Insomnia Severity Index and sleep tracker Mi Smart Band, respectively. The secondary outcomes are perceived stress, anxiety, depression and mindfulness. Outcomes will be evaluated at the baseline, end of the intervention period and at the 3-month follow-up. Data analyses will include covariance, regression analysis, χ2, t-test and Pearson's correlations. Participants will be recruited from January to June 2022, or until the recruitment process is complete. The follow-up will be completed in December 2022. All trial results should be available by the end of December 2022.
    ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: Full approval for this study has been obtained from the Ethics Committee at The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China (21010). Study results will be disseminated via social media and peer-reviewed publications.
    TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT04806009.
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  • Article
    Tang RY, Laamanen C, McDonald N, LeClair RJ.
    Med Phys. 2014 May;41(5):053501.
    PURPOSE: Develop a method to subtract fat tissue contributions to wide-angle x-ray scatter (WAXS) signals of breast biopsies in order to estimate the differential linear scattering coefficients μ(s) of fatless tissue. Cancerous and fibroglandular tissue can then be compared independent of fat content. In this work phantom materials with known compositions were used to test the efficacy of the WAXS subtraction model.
    METHODS: Each sample 5 mm in diameter and 5 mm thick was interrogated by a 50 kV 2.7 mm diameter beam for 3 min. A 25 mm(2) by 1 mm thick CdTe detector allowed measurements of a portion of the θ = 6° scattered field. A scatter technique provided means to estimate the incident spectrum N(0)(E) needed in the calculations of μ(s)[x(E, θ)] where x is the momentum transfer argument. Values of [Formula: see text] for composite phantoms consisting of three plastic layers were estimated and compared to the values obtained via the sum [Formula: see text], where ν(i) is the fractional volume of the ith plastic component. Water, polystyrene, and a volume mixture of 0.6 water + 0.4 polystyrene labelled as fibphan were chosen to mimic cancer, fat, and fibroglandular tissue, respectively. A WAXS subtraction model was used to remove the polystyrene signal from tissue composite phantoms so that the μ(s) of water and fibphan could be estimated. Although the composite samples were layered, simulations were performed to test the models under nonlayered conditions.
    RESULTS: The well known μ(s) signal of water was reproduced effectively between 0.5 < x < 1.6 nm(-1). The [Formula: see text] obtained for the heterogeneous samples agreed with [Formula: see text]. Polystyrene signals were subtracted successfully from composite phantoms. The simulations validated the usefulness of the WAXS models for nonlayered biopsies.
    CONCLUSIONS: The methodology to measure μ(s) of homogeneous samples was quantitatively accurate. Simple WAXS models predicted the probabilities for specific x-ray scattering to occur from heterogeneous biopsies. The fat subtraction model can allow μ(s) signals of breast cancer and fibroglandular tissue to be compared without the effects of fat provided there is an independent measurement of the fat volume fraction ν(f). Future work will consist of devising a quantitative x-ray digital imaging method to estimate ν(f) in ex vivo breast samples.
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  • Article
    Birbach A.
    PLoS One. 2013;8(1):e53501.
    Transgene expression from short promoters in transgenic animals can lead to unwanted transgene expression patterns, often as a byproduct of random integration of the expression cassette into the host genome. Here I demonstrate that the often used PB-Cre4 line (also referred to as "Probasin-Cre"), although expressing exclusively in the male prostate epithelium when transmitted through male mice, can lead to recombination of loxP-flanked alleles in a large variety of tissues when transmitted through female mice. This aberrant Cre activity due to Cre expression in the oocytes leads to different outcomes for maternally or paternally transmitted loxP-flanked alleles: Maternally inherited loxP-flanked alleles undergo recombination very efficiently, making female PB-Cre4 mice an efficient monoallelic "Cre deleter line". However, paternally inherited loxP-flanked alleles are inefficiently recombined by maternal PB-Cre4, giving rise to mosaic expression patterns in the offspring. This mosaic recombination is difficult to detect with standard genotyping approaches of many mouse lines and should therefore caution researchers using PB-Cre4 to use additional approaches to exclude the presence of recombined alleles. However, mosaic recombination should also be useful in transgenic "knockout" approaches for mosaic gene deletion experiments.
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  • Article
    Stoeckl C, Boni R, Ehrne F, Forrest CJ, Glebov VY, Katz J, Lonobile DJ, Magoon J, Regan SP, Shoup MJ, Sorce A, Sorce C, Sangster TC, Weiner D.
    Rev Sci Instrum. 2016 05;87(5):053501.
    A next-generation neutron temporal diagnostic (NTD) capable of recording high-quality data for the highest anticipated yield cryogenic deuterium-tritium (DT) implosion experiments was recently installed at the Omega Laser Facility. A high-quality measurement of the neutron production width is required to determine the hot-spot pressure achieved in inertial confinement fusion experiments-a key metric in assessing the quality of these implosions. The design of this NTD is based on a fast-rise-time plastic scintillator, which converts the neutron kinetic energy to 350- to 450-nm-wavelength light. The light from the scintillator inside the nose-cone assembly is relayed ∼16 m to a streak camera in a well-shielded location. An ∼200× reduction in neutron background was observed during the first high-yield DT cryogenic implosions compared to the current NTD installation on OMEGA. An impulse response of ∼40 ± 10 ps was measured in a dedicated experiment using hard x-rays from a planar target irradiated with a 10-ps short pulse from the OMEGA EP laser. The measured instrument response includes contributions from the scintillator rise time, optical relay, and streak camera.
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