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  • Article
    Yang L, Shi Da Q, Xiang Rui J.
    Medicine (Baltimore). 2023 May 12;102(19):e33740.
    With the rise of positive psychology, educators gradually pay attention to the construction of psychological capital of college students. Mindfulness is linked to learning burnout; however, little research has examined how mindfulness is associated with learning burnout via future time perspective. The aims of this study were to investigate the relationship between mindfulness state, future time perspective and learning burnout of college students, and explore the mediating effect of future time perspective on mindfulness and learning burnout. A cross-sectional design was used. A total of 358 college students were enrolled from Harbin Medical university. General information questionnaire, the Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ), the learning burnout scale and The Future Time Perspective Scale were used for investigation. Calculations were performed using SPSS Statistics, version 25. There was negative correlation between positive mindfulness and learning burnout (r = -0.41, P < .01), and positive correlation between future time perspective and mindfulness (r = 0.38, P < .01), and negative correlation with learning burnout (r = -0.37, P < .01). Furthermore, future time perspective (β = -0.40, P < .01) had a significant mediating effect on the relationship between mindfulness and learning burnout. Educators should improve the mindfulness of college students by developing and implementing future time perspective, in order to improve their learning burnout.
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  • Article
    Moore A, Khanna D.
    Cureus. 2023 Jan;15(1):e33740.
    The outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic has left clinicians around the world searching for viable prevention and treatment options to use against the virus. The important physiologic properties of vitamin C have been well documented regarding its use by immune cells and its role as an antioxidant. It has previously shown potential as a prophylactic and treatment option for other respiratory viruses, and because of this, there has been intrigue into whether these positive outcomes translate into a cost-effective prevention and treatment option for COVID-19. To this point, there have only been a few clinical trials performed to assess the validity of this notion, with very few showing definitive positive outcomes when vitamin C has been incorporated into prophylactic or treatment protocols to use against coronavirus. When being used to specifically treat the severe complications that arise from COVID-19, vitamin C is a reliable option to treat COVID-19-induced sepsis but not pneumonia or acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). As a treatment option, high-dose therapy has shown flashes of promise in a few studies although investigators in these studies often subject the testing group to multimodal therapies that include vitamin C as opposed to just vitamin C alone. Given the role that vitamin C has shown to uphold regarding the human immune response, it is currently advised for all individuals to maintain a normal physiologic range of plasma vitamin C through diet or supplements for adequate prophylactic protection against the virus. More research with definitive outcomes will be needed before it is recommended to provide high-dose vitamin C therapy to prevent or treat COVID-19.
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  • Article
    Brosnan-Cashman JA, Graham MK, Heaphy CM.
    Oncotarget. 2018 Sep 18;9(73):33739-33740.
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  • Article
    Herget M, Kreissig N, Kolbe C, Schölz C, Tampé R, Abele R.
    J Biol Chem. 2009 Dec 04;284(49):33740-9.
    The transporter associated with antigen processing (TAP) is an essential machine of the adaptive immune system that translocates antigenic peptides from the cytosol into the endoplasmic reticulum lumen for loading of major histocompatibility class I molecules. To examine this ABC transport complex in mechanistic detail, we have established, after extensive screening and optimization, the solubilization, purification, and reconstitution for TAP to preserve its function in each step. This allowed us to determine the substrate-binding stoichiometry of the TAP complex by fluorescence cross-correlation spectroscopy. In addition, the TAP complex shows strict coupling between peptide binding and ATP hydrolysis, revealing no basal ATPase activity in the absence of peptides. These results represent an optimal starting point for detailed mechanistic studies of the transport cycle of TAP by single molecule experiments to analyze single steps of peptide translocation and the stoichiometry between peptide transport and ATP hydrolysis.
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  • Article
    Papakonstantinou PA, Woodruff DP, Yang G.
    Sci Rep. 2016 Sep 26;6:33740.
    Generating random bits is a difficult task, which is important for physical systems simulation, cryptography, and many applications that rely on high-quality random bits. Our contribution is to show how to generate provably random bits from uncertain events whose outcomes are routinely recorded in the form of massive data sets. These include scientific data sets, such as in astronomics, genomics, as well as data produced by individuals, such as internet search logs, sensor networks, and social network feeds. We view the generation of such data as the sampling process from a big source, which is a random variable of size at least a few gigabytes. Our view initiates the study of big sources in the randomness extraction literature. Previous approaches for big sources rely on statistical assumptions about the samples. We introduce a general method that provably extracts almost-uniform random bits from big sources and extensively validate it empirically on real data sets. The experimental findings indicate that our method is efficient enough to handle large enough sources, while previous extractor constructions are not efficient enough to be practical. Quality-wise, our method at least matches quantum randomness expanders and classical world empirical extractors as measured by standardized tests.
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  • Article
    Cheng L, Mao S, Chen Z, Wang Y, Zhao C, Fu HY.
    Opt Express. 2021 Oct 11;29(21):33728-33740.
    Fiber couplers usually take a lot of space on photonic integrated circuits due to the large mode-size mismatch between the waveguide and fiber, especially when a fiber with larger core is utilized, such as a few-mode fiber. We demonstrate experimentally that such challenge can be overcome by an ultra-compact mode-size converter with a footprint of only 10 µm. Our device expands TE0 and TE1 waveguide modes simultaneously from a 1-µm wide strip waveguide to an 18-µm wide slab on a 220-nm thick silicon-on-insulator, with calculated losses of 0.75 dB and 0.68 dB, respectively. The fabricated device has a measured insertion loss of 1.02 dB for TE0 mode and 1.59 dB for TE1 mode. By connecting the ultra-compact converter with diffraction grating couplers, higher-order modes in a few-mode fiber can be generated with a compact footprint on-chip.
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  • Article
    Hsu CH, Luo HL, Li ST, Bian FQ, Chen YZ, Gao P, Wu WY, Wuu DS, Lai FM, Lien SY, Zhu WZ.
    Opt Express. 2023 Sep 25;31(20):33732-33740.
    Atomic layer deposited Al2O3 films are incorporated into miniature light emitting diodes (mini-LEDs) as an internal moisture barrier layer. The experimental results show that the water vapor transmission rate reaches ≤10-4 g/m2/day when the Al2O3 thickness is ≥40 nm. The mini-LED with a 40 nm-thick Al2O3 layer shows negligible degradation after 1000 h of 85°C/85% relative humidity testing, whereas the device without an Al2O3 layer fails after only 500 h due to delamination occurring at the GaN surface. Current-voltage characteristics of the device without an Al2O3 moisture barrier layer indicate an increase in series resistance and ideality factor. This study provides a simple, light-weighting method to have a satisfactory encapsulation function for miniature LEDs.
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  • Article
    Gunaydin H, Gu Y, Huang X.
    PLoS One. 2012;7(3):e33740.
    Tankyrases (TNKS1 and TNKS2) are key regulators of cellular processes such as telomere pathway and Wnt signaling. IWRs (inhibitors of Wnt response) have recently been identified as potent and selective inhibitors of tankyrases. However, it is not clear how these IWRs interact with tankyrases. Here we report the crystal structure of the catalytic domain of human TNKS1 in complex with IWR2, which reveals a novel binding site for tankyrase inhibitors. The TNKS1/IWR2 complex provides a molecular basis for their strong and specific interactions and suggests clues for further development of tankyrase inhibitors.
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  • Article
    San José E, Alarcón B.
    J Biol Chem. 1999 Nov 19;274(47):33740-6.
    In the absence of ligand, the T cell receptor (TCR)/CD3 complex is continuously internalized and recycled to the cell surface, whereas receptor engagement results in its down-regulation. The present study shows that the TCR and CD3 components follow different fates accompanying their constitutive internalization. Although the CD3 moiety is recycled to the cell surface, the TCR heterodimer is degraded and replaced by newly synthesized chains. Since the TCR heterodimer cannot reach the cell membrane on its own, we propose a model in which recycling CD3 is transported along a retrograde pathway to the endoplasmic reticulum, where it associates with newly made TCR. Interestingly, engagement of the TCR.CD3 complex by superantigen resulted not only in the down-regulation of the TCR and CD3 components but also caused a transient stabilization of the TCR heterodimer. This suggests that TCR engagement diverts the TCR heterodimer from a degradation to a recycling pathway. Contrary to CD3, the intracellular fate of the TCR heterodimer is thus regulated, providing a mechanism for rapidly replacing nonfunctional TCR during intrathymic development of T cells.
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  • Article
    Miyauchi S, Ouhara K, Shintani T, Tokuyama T, Okubo Y, Okamura S, Miyamoto S, Oguri N, Uotani Y, Takemura T, Tari M, Hiyama T, Miyauchi M, Kajiya M, Mizuno N, Nakano Y.
    J Am Heart Assoc. 2024 Apr 16;13(8):e033740.
    BACKGROUND: Periodontitis has not been recognized as a modifiable risk factor for atrial fibrillation (AF). This prospective nonrandomized study investigated whether periodontal treatment improves the AF ablation outcome.
    METHODS AND RESULTS: We prospectively enrolled 288 AF patients scheduled to undergo initial radiofrequency catheter ablation. Each patient underwent periodontal inflamed surface area (PISA; a quantitative index of periodontal inflammation) measurement. All eligible patients were recommended to receive periodontal treatment within the blanking period, and 97 consented. During the mean follow-up period of 507±256 days, 70 (24%) AF recurrences were documented. Patients who exhibited AF recurrences had a higher PISA than those who did not (456.8±403.5 versus 277.7±259.0 mm2, P=0.001). These patients were categorized into high-PISA (>615 mm2) and low-PISA (<615 mm2) groups according to the receiver operating characteristic analysis for AF recurrence (area under the curve, 0.611; sensitivity, 39%; specificity, 89%). A high PISA, as well as female sex, AF duration, and left atrial volume, were the statistically significant predicter for AF recurrence (hazard ratio [HR], 2.308 [95% CI, 1.234-4.315]; P=0.009). In patients with a high PISA, those who underwent periodontal treatment showed significantly fewer AF recurrences (P=0.01, log-rank test). The adjusted HR of periodontal treatment for AF recurrence was 0.393 (95% CI, 0.215-0.719; P=0.002).
    CONCLUSIONS: Periodontitis may serve as a modifiable risk factor for AF. PISA is a hallmark of AF recurrence, and periodontal treatment improves the AF ablation outcome, especially for those with poor periodontal condition.
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  • Article
    Bai F, Qu X, Wang J, Chen X, Yang W.
    ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2020 Jul 29;12(30):33740-33750.
    Oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is an important cathode reaction in fuel cells and metal-air batteries. Composites of transition-metal sulfides (TMSs) and nitrogen-doped carbon (NC) are promising alternative ORR catalysts because of their high catalytic activity. However, the agglomeration of TMS particles limits practical applications. Here, a confinement catalyst composed of Co9S8@NC with a flower-like morphology was derived from metanilic intercalated Co(OH)2 through interlayer-confined carbonation accompanied with host-layer sulfidation. The surface of the Co9S8 particles is covered with a few layers of nitrogen-doped graphene, which can prevent the Co9S8 particles from agglomeration and also produce catalytic activity affected by internal Co9S8. Thus, the Co9S8@NC material achieves excellent ORR performance with a half-wave potential of 0.861 VRHE. In addition, an oxide layer on the surface of Co9S8@NC is fabricated shortly after the ORR starts. Further tests and density functional theory calculations indicated that this cobalt oxide layer can increase the electrochemically active area of Co9S8@NC as well as reduce the ORR energy barrier, thereby providing more catalytic active sites and enhancing the intrinsic catalytic activity, thus achieving a self-activation effect during the electrochemical reaction process.
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  • Article
    Wei X, Zhang T, Luo T.
    ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2017 Oct 04;9(39):33740-33748.
    Thermal transport across hard-soft interfaces is critical to many modern applications, such as composite materials, thermal management in microelectronics, solar-thermal phase transition, and nanoparticle-assisted hyperthermia therapeutics. In this study, we use equilibrium molecular dynamics (EMD) simulations combined with the Green-Kubo method to study how molecularly heterogeneous structures of the self-assembled monolayer (SAM) affect the thermal transport across the interfaces between the SAM-functionalized gold and organic liquids (hexylamine, propylamine and hexane). We focus on a practically synthesizable heterogeneous SAM featuring alternating short and long molecular chains. Such a structure is found to improve the thermal conductance across the hard-soft interface by 46-68% compared to a homogeneous nonpolar SAM. Through a series of further simulations and analyses, it is found that the root reason for this enhancement is the penetration of the liquid molecules into the spaces between the long SAM molecule chains, which increase the effective contact area. Such an effect is similar to the fins used in macroscopic heat exchanger. This "molecular fin" structure from the heterogeneous SAM studied in this work provides a new general route for enhancing thermal transport across hard-soft material interfaces.
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  • Article
    Jabeen N, Xia Q, Savilov SV, Aldoshin SM, Yu Y, Xia H.
    ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2016 Dec 14;8(49):33732-33740.
    Although the theoretical capacitance of MnO2 is 1370 F g-1 based on the Mn3+/Mn4+ redox couple, most of the reported capacitances in literature are far below the theoretical value even when the material goes to nanoscale. To understand this discrepancy, in this work, the electrochemical behavior and charge storage mechanism of K+-inserted α-MnO2 (or KxMnO2) nanorod arrays in broad potential windows are investigated. It is found that electrochemical behavior of KxMnO2 is highly dependent on the potential window. During cyclic voltammetry cycling in a broad potential window, K+ ions can be replaced by Na+ ions, which determines the pseudocapacitance of the electrode. The K+ or Na+ ions cannot be fully extracted when the upper cutoff potential is less than 1 V vs Ag/AgCl, which retards the release of full capacitance. As the cyclic voltammetry potential window is extended to 0-1.2 V, enhanced specific capacitance can be obtained with the emerging of new redox peaks. In contrast, the K+-free α-MnO2 nanorod arrays show no redox peaks in the same potential window together with much lower specific capacitance. This work provides new insights on understanding the charge storage mechanism of MnO2 and new strategy to further improve the specific capacitance of MnO2-based electrodes.
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  • Article
    Zhao Y, Duncan C, Kuhlmey BT, Martijn de Sterke C.
    Opt Express. 2015 Dec 28;23(26):33733-40.
    Efficient nonlinear frequency conversion requires a phase matching condition to be satisfied. We analyze the dispersion of the modes of hyperbolic wire metamaterials and demonstrate that phase matching at infrared wavelengths can be achieved with a variety of constituent materials, such as GaAs, in which phase matching cannot easily be achieved by conventional means. Our finding promises access to many materials with attractive nonlinear properties.
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  • Book
    [edited by] Suzanne H Kimball, Marc Fagelson.
    Summary: "Tinnitus affects nearly one in 10 people around the world and tinnitus-related disabilities are considered among the most common chronic conditions reported. Historically, many patients with these conditions have been ignored, misunderstood, or misguided by medical, audiological, and/or online communities. Tinnitus and Sound Sensitivity Casebook by renowned audiologists and educators Suzanne H. Kimball and Marc Fagelson provides evidence-based strategies for clinical management of patients with tinnitus as well as sound intolerance disorders, based on a diverse array of case studies drawn from clinics"-- Provided by publisher.

    Contents:
    Internet-Based Tinnitus Intervention / Eldre Beukes
    Chiari Malformation with Tinnitus and Hyperacusis / Suzanne H. Kimball
    Tinnitus Treatment Following Acoustic Neuroma and Meniere's Disease : A Single Case Study / Ann Perreau and Richard S. Tyler
    A Case of Pulsatile Tinnitus with Predictable Pattern of Occurrence / Catherine M. Edmonds
    Otosclerosis with Tinnitus / Lauren Mann
    Tinnitus Following Concussion / Lauren Mann
    Tinnitus in a Case of Meniere's Disease / Lauren Mann
    A Case of a Normal Hearing with Tinnitus / Wan Syafira Ishak
    Functional Audiogenic Seizure / David M. Baguley
    Postconcussive Tinnitus and Hyperacusis / Aniruddha K. Deshpande and Diana Callesano
    Tonic Tensor Tympanic Syndrome / Erin Benear
    Tinnitus Secondary to Barotrauma / Trevor Courouleau
    Acoustic Shock Disorder / Marc Fagelson
    Acoustic Shock / Don McFerran
    Pulsatile Tinnitus / Jamie Myers and Rebecca Jimenez
    Hyperacusis and Military Noise Exposure / LaGuinn P. Sherlock
    Diplacusis or the Affected Audiologist / Marc Fagelson
    Tinnitus and Misophonia in an Adolescent Patient / Suzanne H. Kimball
    Severe Hyperacusis and Tinnitus / Erin Benear and Isabella Hillerby
    Tinnitus and Hyponatremia / Christopher Kuykendall and Suzanne H. Kimball
    "Ellie" : Psychological Management of Tinnitus in the Context of Pediatric
    OCD / Myles S. Rizvi
    Psychogenic Tinnitus and Dizziness / Suzanne H. Kimball and Christi Barbee
    Tinnitus and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder / Aniruddha K. Deshpande, Colleen A. O'Brien, and Jason H. Thomas
    Poor Outcome in Misophonia Intervention despite Evidence-Based
    Intervention Strategies / Michael Hoffman, Jenna M. Pellicori, and Tammy Riegner
    LM ("Lisa") : Coping Skills Development for Misophonia / Jennifer Jo Brout
    A Case of Early Adolescent Misophonia / Ana Rabasco
    Superhero Treatment for Sound Sensitivity / Melissa Karp
    Normal Hearing / Marc Fagelson and Suzanne H. Kimball
    Tinnitus and CoVID-19 / Suzanne H. Kimball and Marc Fagelson.
    Digital Access Thieme MedOne ComSci [2022]
  • Article
    Roder K, Werdich AA, Li W, Liu M, Kim TY, Organ-Darling LE, Moshal KS, Hwang JM, Lu Y, Choi BR, MacRae CA, Koren G.
    J Biol Chem. 2014 Dec 05;289(49):33730-40.
    Two recent studies (Newton-Cheh, C. et al. (2009) Common variants at ten loci influence QT interval duration in the QTGEN Study. Nat. Genet. 41, 399-406 and Pfeufer, A. et al. (2009) Common variants at ten loci modulate the QT interval duration in the QTSCD Study. Nat. Genet. 41, 407-414) identified an association, with genome-wide significance, between a single nucleotide polymorphism within the gene encoding RING finger protein 207 (RNF207) and the QT interval. We sought to determine the role of RNF207 in cardiac electrophysiology. Morpholino knockdown of RNF207 in zebrafish embryos resulted in action potential duration prolongation, occasionally a 2:1 atrioventricular block, and slowing of conduction velocity. Conversely, neonatal rabbit cardiomyocytes infected with RNF207-expressing adenovirus exhibited shortened action potential duration. Using transfections of U-2 OS and HEK293 cells, Western blot analysis and immunocytochemistry data demonstrate that RNF207 and the human ether-a-go-go-related gene (HERG) potassium channel interact and colocalize. Furthermore, RNF207 overexpression significantly elevated total and membrane HERG protein and HERG-encoded current density by ∼30-50%, which was dependent on the intact N-terminal RING domain of RNF207. Finally, coexpression of RNF207 and HSP70 increased HERG expression compared with HSP70 alone. This effect was dependent on the C terminus of RNF207. Taken together, the evidence is strong that RNF207 is an important regulator of action potential duration, likely via effects on HERG trafficking and localization in a heat shock protein-dependent manner.
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  • Article
    Kim YS, Han CY, Kim SW, Kim JH, Lee SK, Jung DJ, Park SY, Kang H, Choi HS, Lee JW, Pak YK.
    J Biol Chem. 2001 Sep 07;276(36):33736-40.
    Small heterodimer partner (SHP), specifically expressed in liver and a limited number of other tissues, is an unusual orphan nuclear receptor that lacks the conventional DNA binding domain. In this work, we found that SHP expression is abundant in murine macrophage cell line RAW 264.7 but was suppressed by oxidized low density lipoprotein (oxLDL) and its constituent 13-hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid, a ligand for peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma. Furthermore, SHP acted as a transcription coactivator of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF kappa B) and was essential for the previously described NF kappa B transactivation by palmitoyl lysophosphatidylcholine, one of the oxLDL constituents. Accordingly NF kappa B, which was transcriptionally active in the beginning, became progressively inert in oxLDL-treated RAW 264.7 cells as oxLDL decreased the SHP expression. Thus, SHP appears to be an important modulatory component to regulate the transcriptional activities of NF kappa B in oxLDL-treated, resting macrophage cells.
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  • Article
    Fann MC, Maloney PC.
    J Biol Chem. 1998 Dec 11;273(50):33735-40.
    UhpT, the sugar phosphate transporter of Escherichia coli, acts to exchange internal inorganic phosphate for external hexose 6-phosphate. Because of this operational asymmetry, we studied variants in which right-side-out (RSO) or inside-out (ISO) orientations could be analyzed independently to ask whether the inward- and outward-facing UhpT surfaces have different substrate specificities. To study the RSO orientation, we constructed a histidine-tagged derivative, His10K291C/K294N, in which the sole external tryptic cleavage site (Lys294) had been removed. Functional assay as well as immunoblot analysis showed that trypsin treatment of proteoliposomes containing His10K291C/K294N led to loss of about 50% of the original population, reflecting retention of only the RSO population. To study the ISO orientation, we used a His10V284C derivative, in which a newly inserted external cysteine (Cys284) conferred sensitivity to the thiol-reactive agent, 3-(N-maleimidylpropionyl)biocytin. In this case, 3-(N-maleimidylpropionyl)biocytin treatment of proteoliposomes containing His10V284C gave about a 60% loss of activity, and immunodetection of biotin showed parallel modification of an equivalent fraction of the original population. Together, such findings indicate that the UhpT RSO and ISO orientations are in about equal proportion in proteoliposomes and that a single population can be generated by exposure of these derivatives to the appropriate agent. This allowed us to study proteoliposomes with UhpT functioning in RSO orientation (His10K291C/K294N) or ISO orientation (His10V284C) with respect to the kinetics of glucose 6-phosphate transport by phosphate-loaded proteoliposomes and also the inhibitions found with 2-deoxy-glucose 6-phosphate, mannose 6-phosphate, galactose 6-phosphate, fructose 6-phosphate, and inorganic phosphate. We found no significant differences in the behavior of UhpT in its different orientations, indicating that the transporter possesses an overall functional symmetry.
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