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  • Article
    Shen Y.
    Heliyon. 2024 May 15;10(9):e29943.
    Harmonious passion refers to engaging in an activity out of personal volition and sense of meaning, which motivates individuals to devote substantial time and energy while internalizing the activity as part of their identity, and it underpins the promotion of sustainable behaviors and mindsets. The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between harmonious passion and academic achievement among university students in higher education, as well as the mediating role of exploratory and exploitative learning behaviors in this association. Exploratory learning involves seeking new knowledge and skills, whereas exploitative learning involves refining and applying existing knowledge and skills. Data were collected from 528 university students across multiple institutions in China. Using structural equation modeling and multiple regression analysis, results revealed that harmonious passion had a significant positive effect on academic achievement. Furthermore, exploratory and exploitative learning played a chain-mediated role in the relationship. These findings provide insights into how harmonious passion could promote students' academic success in the context of innovation-driven and socially sustainable development, via the facilitation of sustainable learning strategies. Therefore, this study has broader implications for personal and societal sustainability, by emphasizing the role of harmonious passion and sustainable learning strategies in enhancing academic achievement and, ultimately, contributing to a more sustainable society.
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  • Article
    Farooq H, Ziad A, Khan Q, Rehman A, Siddique K.
    Cureus. 2022 Oct;14(10):e29943.
    Infarctions of the corpus callosum are rare due to a rich blood supply. Corpus callosum derives its blood supply from four vessels from the anterior and posterior circulation and for this reason, they have a rare, atypical presentation. There is scarce literature regarding this pathology. Corpus callosum infarcts usually present with non-specific signs and symptoms. Here, we describe a case of corpus callosum infarction in a 5-year-old boy who was a known case of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. He presented with disseminated varicella infection and developed tonic-clonic seizures. MRI brain was performed and a diagnosis of corpus callosum infarct was made. The patient was treated conservatively.
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  • Article
    Luo X, Xu H, He M, Han Q, Wang H, Sun C, Li J, Jiang L, Zhou Y, Dan H, Feng X, Zeng X, Chen Q.
    Sci Rep. 2016 07 15;6:29943.
    Presently, various studies had investigated the accuracy of autofluorescence in diagnosing oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMD) with diverse conclusions. This study aimed to assess its accuracy for OSCC and OPMD and to investigate its applicability in general dental practice. After a comprehensive literature search, a meta-analysis was conducted to calculate the pooled diagnostic indexes of autofluorescence for premalignant lesions (PML) and malignant lesions (ML) of the oral cavity, lung, esophagus, stomach and colorectum and to compute indexes regarding the detection of OSCC aided by algorithms. Besides, a u test was performed. Twenty-four studies detecting OSCC and OPMD in 2761 lesions were included. This demonstrated that the overall accuracy of autofluorescence for OSCC and OPMD was superior to PML and ML of the lung, esophagus and stomach, slightly inferior to the colorectum. Additionally, the sensitivity and specificity for OSCC and OPMD were 0.89 and 0.8, respectively. Furthermore, the specificity could be remarkably improved by additional algorithms. With relatively high accuracy, autofluorescence could be potentially applied as an adjunct for early diagnosis of OSCC and OPMD. Moreover, approaches such as algorithms could enhance its specificity to ensure its efficacy in primary care.
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  • Article
    Krumm SA, Takeda M, Plemper RK.
    J Biol Chem. 2013 Oct 11;288(41):29943-53.
    Paramyxovirus genomes are ribonucleoprotein (RNP) complexes consisting of nucleoprotein (N)-encapsidated viral RNA. Measles virus (MeV) N features an amino-terminal RNA-binding core and a 125-residue tail domain, of which only the last 75 residues are considered fully mobile on the nucleocapsid surface. A molecular recognition element (MoRE) domain mediates binding of the viral phosphoprotein (P). This P N-tail interaction is considered instrumental for recruiting the polymerase complex to the template. We have engineered MeV N variants with tail truncations progressively eliminating the MoRE domain and upstream tail sections. Confirming previous reports, RNPs with N truncations lacking the carboxyl-terminal 43-residues harboring the MoRE domain cannot serve as polymerase template. Remarkably, further removal of all tail residues predicted to be surface-exposed significantly restores RNP bioactivity. Insertion of structurally dominant tags into the central N-tail section reduces bioactivity, but the negative regulatory effect of exposed N-tail stems is sequence-independent. Bioactive nucleocapsids lacking exposed N-tail sections are unable to sustain virus replication, because of weakened interaction of the advancing polymerase complex with the template. Deletion of the N-MoRE-binding domain in P abrogates polymerase recruitment to standard nucleocapsids, but polymerase activity is partially restored when N-tail truncated RNPs serve as template. Revising central elements of the current replication model, these data reveal that MeV polymerase is capable of productively docking directly to the nucleocapsid core. Dispensable for polymerase recruitment, N-MoRE binding to P-tail stabilizes the advancing polymerase-RNP complex and may rearrange unstructured central tail sections to facilitate polymerase access to the template.
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  • Article
    Manome Y, Suzuki D, Mochizuki A, Saito E, Sasa K, Yoshimura K, Inoue T, Takami M, Inagaki K, Funatsu T, Kamijo R.
    Oncotarget. 2018 Jul 06;9(52):29934-29943.
    Distant metastasis remarkably worsens the prognoses of malignant melanoma patients. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) recognize molecules derived from many types of pathogens and activate the innate intravital immune system. In this study, we examined the effects of R848, a TLR7 ligand, on bone invasion by malignant melanoma cells. Mice underwent transplantation with cells of a malignant melanoma cell line B16F10, and were also administered R848 every three days. Hindlimbs were obtained 13 days after transplantation and invasion of bone marrow by B16F10 cells was evaluated. ELISA was used to determine the concentrations of cytokines in mouse serum and in the culture medium from bone marrow macrophages (BMMs) in the presence or absence of R848. In addition, MTS assays were used to examine the effects of media from BMM cultures on the proliferation of B16F10 cells. The rate of infiltration by B16F10 cells and the area of invasion were significantly reduced with R848 administration. Furthermore, serum levels of IL-6, IL-12, and IFN-γ were significantly increased in mice administered R848, with the same trend observed in the culture medium of BMMs treated with R848. In addition, B16F10 cell proliferation was suppressed by the addition of medium from cultured BMMs treated with R848. Neutralization by antibodies against IL-6, IL-12, and IFN-γ abrogated the suppression of proliferation of B16F10 cells by culture medium from BMMs treated with R848. Our results suggest that R848 drives the production of IL-6, IL-12, and IFN-γ in BMMs, which reduces proliferation and bone invasion by B16F10 cells.
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  • Article
    Ge L, Gao Y, Wang K, Liu Q, Cui P, Dong Q.
    Medicine (Baltimore). 2022 Jul 29;101(30):e29943.
    The infection rate is high in patients injured at sea, and because of the unique distribution of marine microorganisms, the infection is often not easily controlled effectively with the empirical application of antibiotics. This study aims to consider the clinical characteristics and pathogen infection and drug susceptibility of patients injured at sea. From 2019 to 2021, there were 635 patients injured at sea in Rizhao People's Hospital. We assess the patient's basic condition, while performing bacterial culture and drug susceptibility testing on wound exudate or pus from infected patients. Among the 635 patients injured at sea, 195 people were infected, and the infection rate was 30.71%. Infected patients are usually older, have longer prehospital visits, and have lower normal levels of red blood cells, hemoglobin, total protein, and albumin. The causes of injury in infected patients were mainly avulsion and puncture injuries, and the types of injuries were mainly bone fracture, vascular injury, and nerve injury. A total of 305 strains of pathogenic bacteria were cultured in 195 patients. Gram-negative bacteria accounted for 77.05% (235 strains), of which Proteus was the most. Gram-positive bacteria accounted for 22.95% (70 strains), of which Staphylococcus aureus was the most. Gram-negative bacilli were sensitive to aminoglycosides, lactam antibiotics, carbapenems antibiotics, sulfonamides, quinolones, fourth-generation cephalosporins, and antibacterial drugs containing enzyme inhibitors, while most of the bacteria were resistant to penicillins, first-generation cephalosporins, and second-generation cephalosporins. Gram-positive bacteria were sensitive to quinuptin/dafoptin, rifampicin, linezolid, gentamicin, tigacycline, and vancomycin but resistant to penicillin antibiotics. Due to the particularity of marine injuries, patients are prone to infection. Pathogen culture and drug sensitivity analysis play an important role in guiding antiinfective treatment for marine injured patients.
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  • Article
    Longoria JN, Wang W, Kang G, Gossett J, Krull K, King AA, Raches D, Schreiber J, Heitzer AM, Hankins JS.
    Pediatr Blood Cancer. 2022 11;69(11):e29943.
    BACKGROUND: Transcranial doppler (TCD) ultrasonography can be used to identify stroke risk in children with sickle cell anemia. Previous studies have reported mixed findings on neurocognitive outcomes in children with elevated TCD. This study examined associations between TCD velocity and neurocognitive outcomes in children and adolescents without prior history of stroke.
    PROCEDURE: Participants were selected from the Sickle Cell Clinical Research Intervention Program cohort. The highest recorded mean maximum TCD velocity was selected for analysis, along with participant's most recent data from serial neurocognitive surveillance.
    RESULTS: A total of 200 children with sickle cell anemia completed neurocognitive testing (109 males, 91 females; mean age 12.7 years [SD = 3.56]). Most participants were prescribed hydroxyurea (72%) at the time of neurocognitive testing and nearly 16% had a history of chronic transfusions prior to neurocognitive evaluation. Mean age at time of highest TCD value was 6.6 years (SD = 2.5) and 13.5% of screenings were abnormal (≥200 cm/s). Mean interval between TCD and most recent neurocognitive evaluation was 6.1 years (±3.5). There were no significant differences in the interval between TCD and neurocognitive testing across normal, conditional, and abnormal groups. Maximum TCD velocity was not significantly associated with neurocognitive outcomes in multivariate models.
    CONCLUSIONS: History of elevated TCD in the absence of overt stroke should not be considered a risk factor for poor neurocognitive outcomes in children and adolescents with sickle cell anemia on modern disease-modifying therapy.
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  • Article
    Andrew M, Barua R, Short SM, Kohn LM.
    PLoS One. 2012;7(1):e29943.
    The Sclerotiniaceae (Ascomycotina, Leotiomycetes) is a relatively recently evolved lineage of necrotrophic host generalists, and necrotrophic or biotrophic host specialists, some latent or symptomless. We hypothesized that they inherited a basic toolbox of genes for plant symbiosis from their common ancestor. Maintenance and evolutionary diversification of symbiosis could require selection on toolbox genes or on timing and magnitude of gene expression. The genes studied were chosen because their products have been previously investigated as pathogenicity factors in the Sclerotiniaceae. They encode proteins associated with cell wall degradation: acid protease 1 (acp1), aspartyl protease (asps), and polygalacturonases (pg1, pg3, pg5, pg6), and the oxalic acid (OA) pathway: a zinc finger transcription factor (pac1), and oxaloacetate acetylhydrolase (oah), catalyst in OA production, essential for full symptom production in Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. Site-specific likelihood analyses provided evidence for purifying selection in all 8 pathogenicity-related genes. Consistent with an evolutionary arms race model, positive selection was detected in 5 of 8 genes. Only generalists produced large, proliferating disease lesions on excised Arabidopsis thaliana leaves and oxalic acid by 72 hours in vitro. In planta expression of oah was 10-300 times greater among the necrotrophic host generalists than necrotrophic and biotrophic host specialists; pac1 was not differentially expressed. Ability to amplify 6/8 pathogenicity related genes and produce oxalic acid in all genera are consistent with the common toolbox hypothesis for this gene sample. That our data did not distinguish biotrophs from necrotrophs is consistent with 1) a common toolbox based on necrotrophy and 2) the most conservative interpretation of the 3-locus housekeeping gene phylogeny--a baseline of necrotrophy from which forms of biotrophy emerged at least twice. Early oah overexpression likely expands the host range of necrotrophic generalists in the Sclerotiniaceae, while specialists and biotrophs deploy oah, or other as-yet-unknown toolbox genes, differently.
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  • Article
    Habibi B, Pashazadeh S, Pashazadeh A, Saghatforoush LA.
    RSC Adv. 2023 Oct 11;13(43):29931-29943.
    In this work, a signal amplification strategy was designed by the fabrication of a highly sensitive and selective electrochemical sensor based on nickel-copper-zinc ferrite (Ni0.4Cu0.2Zn0.4Fe2O4)/carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)/graphene oxide nanosheets (GONs) composite modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE) for determination of omeprazole (OMP). The one-step synthesized Ni0.4Cu0.2Zn0.4Fe2O4/CMC/GONs nanocomposite was characterized by scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction techniques. Then, the Ni0.4Cu0.2Zn0.4Fe2O4/CMC/GONs/GCE was applied to study the electrochemical behavior of the OMP. Electrochemical data show that the Ni0.4Cu0.2Zn0.4Fe2O4/CMC/GONs/GCE exhibits superior electrocatalytic performance on the oxidation of OMP compared with bare GCE, GONs/GCE, CMC/GONs/GCE and MFe2O4/GCE (M = Cu, Ni and Zn including single, double and triple of metals) which can be attributed to the synergistic effects of the nanocomposite components, outstanding electrical properties of Ni0.4Cu0.2Zn0.4Fe2O4 and high conductivity of CMC/GONs as well as the further electron transport action of the nanocomposite. Under optimal conditions, the Ni0.4Cu0.2Zn0.4Fe2O4/CMC/GONs/GCE offers a high performance toward the electrodetermination of OMP with the wide linear-range responses (0.24-5 and 5-75 μM), lower detection limit (0.22 ± 0.05 μM), high sensitivity (1.1543 μA μM-1 cm-2), long-term signal stability and reproducibility (RSD = 2.54%). It should be noted that the Ni0.4Cu0.2Zn0.4Fe2O4/CMC/GONs/GCE sensor could also be used for determination of OMP in drug and biological samples, indicating its feasibility for real analysis.
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  • Article
    Sasaki Y, Sugamura K.
    J Biol Chem. 2001 Aug 10;276(32):29943-52.
    Hgs/Hrs is a tyrosine-phosphorylated FYVE finger protein that is induced by stimulation with various cytokines and growth factors. Here we show that Hgs plays critical roles in the signaling pathway for the interleukin-2-induced activation of the serum-response element and cyclic AMP-response element of the c-fos promoter. We found that Hgs associated physically with transforming growth factor-beta-activated kinase 1 (TAK1) and p21-activated kinase 1 (Pak1), which mediate the activation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase and serum response factor, respectively, leading to transactivation via the serum-response element and cyclic AMP-response element. These results suggest that Hgs is involved in the TAK1-JNK and Pak1-serum response factor pathways for the c-fos induction that is initiated by cytokines.
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  • Article
    Mubiayi MP, Muleja AA, Nzaba SKM, Mamba BB.
    ACS Omega. 2020 Nov 24;5(46):29943-29954.
    This study investigated the geochemical and physicochemical characteristics of natural clay collected in the Democratic Republic of Congo. The optical properties of the sample collected in Golf (GOL) were tested in the removal of 4-nitrophenol in aqueous solution. The geochemical analysis depicted that all the samples are plotted within the shale quadrant. Furthermore, the Chemical Index of Alteration (CIA) indicated that the samples are extremely weathered. The particle size distribution ranged from 0.41 to 418.6 μm, while the pore diameters for all the samples were under 100 Å. A flake-like surface morphology was observed in all the samples. SiO2, Al2O3, Fe2O3, K2O, and TiO2 were the major chemical compounds found in all the samples, while the XRD analysis showed the presence of quartz, kaolinite, magnetite, and illite. The presence of metal oxides (i.e., TiO2 and Fe2O3) indicated that these natural clays can be used for photocatalytic oxidation of pollutants. The sample collected in Katuba (KAT) displayed the higher reflectance percentages for the selected wavelengths except at 200 nm. Interestingly, the GOL sample exhibited lower energy band gaps (2.68 and 3.94 eV) necessary for photocatalysis. The untreated GOL clay sample removed 99.13% of 4-nitrophenol from aqueous solution through the photodegradation process. The usage of the untreated GOL clay could be a cost-effective solution in the removal of 4-nitrophenol in wastewater.
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  • Article
    Kim JY, Kim J, Lim YS, Gwak GY, Yeo I, Kim Y, Lee J, Shin D, Lee JH, Kim Y.
    ACS Omega. 2022 Aug 30;7(34):29934-29943.
    Conventional methods for the surveillance of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) by imaging, with and without serum tumor markers, are suboptimal with regard to accuracy. We aimed to develop and validate a reliable serum biomarker panel for the early detection of HCC using a proteomic technique. This multicenter case-control study comprised 727 patients with HCC and patients with risk factors but no HCC. We developed a multiple reaction monitoring-mass spectrometry (MRM-MS) multimarker panel using 17 proteins from the sera of 398 patients. Area under the receiver operating characteristics curve (AUROC) values of this MRM-MS panel with and without α-fetoprotein (AFP) and protein induced by vitamin K absence or antagonist-II (PIVKA-II) were compared. The combination and standalone MRM-MS panels had higher AUROC values than AFP in the training (0.940 and 0.929 vs 0.775, both P < 0.05), test (0.894 and 0.893 vs 0.593, both P < 0.05), and confirmation sets (0.961 and 0.937 vs 0.806, both P < 0.05) in detecting small single HCC. The combination and standalone MRM-MS panels had significantly higher AUROC values than the GALAD score (0.945 and 0.931 vs 0.829, both P < 0.05). Our proteome 17-protein multimarker panel distinguished HCC patients from high-risk controls and had high accuracy in the early detection of HCC.
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  • Article
    Timiliotis J, Blümke B, Serfözö PD, Gilbert S, Ondrésik M, Türk E, Hirsch MC, Eckstein J.
    JMIR Form Res. 2022 Mar 24;6(3):e29943.
    BACKGROUND: Continuously growing medical knowledge and the increasing amount of data make it difficult for medical professionals to keep track of all new information and to place it in the context of existing information. A variety of digital technologies and artificial intelligence-based methods are currently available as persuasive tools to empower physicians in clinical decision-making and improve health care quality. A novel diagnostic decision support system (DDSS) prototype developed by Ada Health GmbH with a focus on traceability, transparency, and usability will be examined more closely in this study.
    OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to test the feasibility and functionality of a novel DDSS prototype, exploring its potential and performance in identifying the underlying cause of acute dyspnea in patients at the University Hospital Basel.
    METHODS: A prospective, observational feasibility study was conducted at the emergency department (ED) and internal medicine ward of the University Hospital Basel, Switzerland. A convenience sample of 20 adult patients admitted to the ED with dyspnea as the chief complaint and a high probability of inpatient admission was selected. A study physician followed the patients admitted to the ED throughout the hospitalization without interfering with the routine clinical work. Routinely collected health-related personal data from these patients were entered into the DDSS prototype. The DDSS prototype's resulting disease probability list was compared with the gold-standard main diagnosis provided by the treating physician.
    RESULTS: The DDSS presented information with high clarity and had a user-friendly, novel, and transparent interface. The DDSS prototype was not perfectly suited for the ED as case entry was time-consuming (1.5-2 hours per case). It provided accurate decision support in the clinical inpatient setting (average of cases in which the correct diagnosis was the first diagnosis listed: 6/20, 30%, SD 2.10%; average of cases in which the correct diagnosis was listed as one of the top 3: 11/20, 55%, SD 2.39%; average of cases in which the correct diagnosis was listed as one of the top 5: 14/20, 70%, SD 2.26%) in patients with dyspnea as the main presenting complaint.
    CONCLUSIONS: The study of the feasibility and functionality of the tool was successful, with some limitations. Used in the right place, the DDSS has the potential to support physicians in their decision-making process by showing new pathways and unintentionally ignored diagnoses. The DDSS prototype had some limitations regarding the process of data input, diagnostic accuracy, and completeness of the integrated medical knowledge. The results of this study provide a basis for the tool's further development. In addition, future studies should be conducted with the aim to overcome the current limitations of the tool and study design.
    TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04827342; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04827342.
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  • Article
    Wilhelmson S, Reepalu A, Balcha TT, Jarso G, Björkman P.
    Glob Health Action. 2016;9:29943.
    BACKGROUND: Access to second-line antiretroviral therapy (ART) for HIV-positive patients remains limited in sub-Saharan Africa. Furthermore, outcomes of second-line ART may be compromised by mortality and loss to follow-up (LTFU).
    OBJECTIVE: To determine retention in care among patients receiving second-line ART in a public hospital in Ethiopia, and to investigate factors associated with LTFU among adults and adolescents.
    DESIGN: HIV-positive persons with documented change of first-line ART to a second-line regimen were retrospectively identified from hospital registers, and data were collected at the time of treatment change and subsequent clinic visits. Baseline variables for adults and adolescents were analyzed using multivariate Cox proportional hazards models comparing subjects remaining in care and those LTFU (defined as a missed appointment of ≥90 days).
    RESULTS: A total of 383 persons had started second-line ART (330 adults/adolescents; 53 children) and were followed for a median of 22.2 months (the total follow-up time was 906 person years). At the end of study follow-up, 80.5% of patients remained in care (adults and adolescents 79.8%; children 85.7%). In multivariate analysis, LTFU among adults and adolescents was associated with a baseline CD4 cell count <100 cells/mm(3) and a first-line regimen failure that was not confirmed by HIV RNA testing.
    CONCLUSIONS: Although retention in care during second-line ART in this cohort was satisfactory, and similar to that reported from first-line ART programs in Ethiopia, our findings suggest the benefit of earlier recognition of patients with first-line ART failure and confirmation of suspected treatment failure by viral load testing.
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  • Article
    Zhu H, Naujokas MA, Fixman ED, Torossian K, Park M.
    J Biol Chem. 1994 Nov 25;269(47):29943-8.
    The met proto-oncogene is a receptor tyrosine kinase for hepatocyte growth factor/scatter factor (HGF/SF). HGF/SF is a multifunctional cytokine that stimulates mitogenesis, motility, invasion, and tubulogenesis of a spectrum of epithelial and endothelial cells in culture. Using a chimeric receptor (CSF-MET), containing the extracellular domain of the colony stimulating factor-1 (CSF-1) receptor fused to the transmembrane and intracellular domain of the Met receptor, we have previously demonstrated that activation of the Met kinase domain is sufficient to mediate the motility, invasion and morphogenic signals of HGF/SF in Madin-Darby canine kidney epithelial cells (MDCK). In this study we have analyzed the role of tyrosine phosphorylation of the Met receptor in the transmission of these signals by site-directed mutagenesis of specific tyrosine residues. Mutation of two tyrosine residues (tyrosine 1234 and tyrosine 1235), involved in activation of the catalytic activity of the kinase, abrogates the biological activity of the chimera. In addition, we have identified a single noncatalytic tyrosine residue (tyrosine 1356) in the carboxyl terminus of the Met receptor, that is essential for the biological activity of the chimeric receptor. Mutation of tyrosine 1356 to a nonphosphorylatable phenylalanine residue does not affect the exogenous kinase activity of the receptor toward enolase, but it impairs the ability of the mutant protein to associate with the adaptor protein Grb2, and MDCK cells expressing this mutant fail to scatter, invade, and form branching tubules in response to CSF-1. These results support a crucial role for tyrosine 1356 in activation of signaling pathways involved in the biological activity of the Met receptor in response to HGF/SF.
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  • Article
    Xiao S, Dong H, Geng Y, Francisco MJ, Pan H, Wu F.
    Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2020 Aug;27(24):29943-29953.
    Municipal solid waste (MSW) management and recycling has become an emerging issue in developing countries. Shanghai, the largest megacity in China, is well-known nationwide due to leading China's MSW separation and recycling. Therefore, this paper introduces the Shanghai mode for MSW management and its current situation to enrich existing MSW management studies. Results show that the total generation volume of MSW and amount of MSW generation per capita were 9.00 million tons and 372.16 kg in 2017, increased approximately eight-fold and four-fold compared with the data in 1978, respectively. The MSW treatment rate reached 100% since 2014, with incineration rate increased to 48.56% in 2017. The cost of MSW management after implementing MSW sorting regulation is increased to 985 CNY/ton, including 390 CNY/ton of MSW sorting cost. Then three key features and innovative MSW management modes, namely, mandatory MSW sorting legislation, Green Account program, and the Combined Network program are introduced. Meanwhile, two main challenges are urgent to be responded, including inadequate collecting vehicles and limited wet waste treatment capacity. Finally, policy recommendations on strengthening MSW recycling process, constructing complete terminal treatment industry, and making systematic policies were provided to respond existing challenges.
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  • Article
    Habbadi K, Meyer T, Vial L, Gaillard V, Benkirane R, Benbouazza A, Kerzaon I, Achbani EH, Lavire C.
    Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2018 Oct;25(30):29943-29952.
    Allorhizobium (Agrobacterium) vitis is a host-specific pathogenic bacterium that causes grapevine crown gall disease, affecting vine growth and production worldwide. The antibacterial activities of different aromatic plant essential oils were tested in vitro and in planta against A. vitis. Among the essential oils tested, those of Origanum compactum and Thymus vulgaris showed the most significant in vitro antibacterial activities, with a MIC of 0.156 and 0.312 mg/mL, respectively. A synergistic effect of these two essential oils (1:1) was observed and confirmed by the checkerboard test. Carvacrol (61.8%) and thymol (47.8%) are, respectively, the major compounds in the essential oils of O. compactum and T. vulgaris and they have been shown to be largely responsible for the antibacterial activities of their corresponding essential oils. Results obtained in vitro were reinforced by an in planta pathogenicity test. A mixture of O. compactum and T. vulgaris essential oils (1:1), inoculated into the injured stem of a tomato plant and a grapevine at 0.312 mg/mL as a preventive treatment, reduced both the number of plants developing gall symptoms and the size of the tumors.
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  • Article
    Fazio G, Selli D, Ferraro L, Seifert G, Di Valentin C.
    ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2018 Sep 05;10(35):29943-29953.
    In most technological applications, nanoparticles are immersed in a liquid environment. Understanding nanoparticles/liquid interfacial effects is extremely relevant. This work provides a clear and detailed picture of the type of chemistry and physics taking place at the prototypical TiO2 nanoparticles/water interface, which is crucial in photocatalysis and photoelectrochemistry. We present a multistep and multiscale investigation based on hybrid density functional theory (DFT), density functional tight-binding, and quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics calculations. We consider increasing water partial pressure conditions from ultra-high vacuum up to the bulk water environment. We first investigate single water molecule adsorption modes on various types of undercoordinated sites present on a realistic curved nanoparticle (2-3 nm) and then, by decorating all the adsorption sites, we study a full water monolayer to identify the degree of water dissociation, the Brønsted-Lowry basicity/acidity of the nanoparticle in water, the interface effect on crystallinity, surface energy, and electronic properties, such as the band gap and work function. Furthermore, we increase the water coverage by adding water multilayers up to a thickness of 1 nm and perform molecular dynamics simulations, which evidence layer structuring and molecular orientation around the curved nanoparticle. Finally, we clarify whether these effects arise as a consequence of the tension at the water drop surface around the nanosphere by simulating a bulk water up to a distance of 3 nm from the oxide surface. We prove that the nanoparticle/water interfacial effects go rather long range since the dipole orientation of water molecules is observed up to a distance of 5 Å, whereas water structuring extends at least up to a distance of 8 Å from the surface.
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  • Article
    Selman C, Sinclair A, Pedroni SM, Irvine EE, Michie AM, Withers DJ.
    Oncotarget. 2016 May 24;7(21):29937-43.
    The mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) signalling pathway plays a highly conserved role in aging; mice lacking ribosomal protein S6 kinase 1 (S6K1-/-) have extended lifespan and healthspan relative to wild type (WT) controls. Exactly how reduced mTOR signalling induces such effects is unclear, although preservation of stem cell function may be important. We show, using gene expression analyses, that there was a reduction in expression of cell cycle genes in young (12 week) and aged (80 week) S6K1-/- BM-derived c-Kit+ cells when compared to age-matched WT mice, suggesting that these cells are more quiescent in S6K1-/- mice. In addition, we investigated hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) frequency and function in young and aged S6K1-/-and WT mice. Young, but not aged, S6K1-/-mice had more LSK (lineage-, c-Kit+, Sca-1+) cells (% of bone marrow (BM)), including the most primitive long-term repopulating HSCs (LT-HSC) relative to WT controls. Donor-derived engraftment of LT-HSCs in recipient mice was unaffected by genotype in young mice, but was enhanced in transplants using LT-HSCs derived from aged S6K1-/- mice. Our results are the first to provide evidence that age-associated HSC functional decline is ameliorated in a long-lived mTOR mutant mouse.
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  • Book
    WHO Classification of Tumors Editorial Board.
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    Part A-B, 2022
    RC281.C4 P34 2022
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