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  • Article
    Li JM, Cheng HY, Chiu YH, Hsu YJ.
    Nanoscale. 2016 Aug 25;8(34):15720-9.
    For the first time a ZnO nanorod-based Z-scheme heterostructure system was proposed and realized for efficient photoelectrochemical water splitting. The samples were prepared by depositing a thin layer of SnO2 on the Au surface of Au particle-decorated ZnO nanorods. For ZnO-Au-SnO2 nanorods, the embedded Au can mediate interfacial charge transfer by promoting electron transfer from the conduction band of SnO2 to the valence band of ZnO. This vectorial charge transfer resulted in the situation that the photoexcited electrons accumulated at ZnO while the photogenerated holes concentrated at SnO2, giving ZnO-Au-SnO2 substantially high redox powers. Time-resolved photoluminescence spectra suggested that the interfacial charge transfer across the ZnO/Au/SnO2 interface was significantly improved as a result of the Z-scheme charge transfer mechanism. With the substantially high redox powers and significantly improved interfacial charge transfer, ZnO-Au-SnO2 nanorods performed much better as a photoanode in photoelectrochemical water splitting than pristine ZnO, plasmonic Au-decorated ZnO and type-II SnO2-coated ZnO nanorods did. The present study has provided a viable approach to exploit Z-scheme photoanodes in the design of efficient artificial photosynthesis systems for solar energy conversion.
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  • Article
    Bai G, Li X, Zhang S, Wang Q, Liu G.
    Heliyon. 2023 May;9(5):e15720.
    With the development of refractive corneal surgery, excimer laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) has become a common refractive surgery procedure. However, post-LASIK patients are at increased risk of developing cataracts as they age and often require IOL implantation. The choice of IOLs is particularly important for these patients, who have smaller residual refractive error and have higher requirements for post-cataract vision recovery and visual quality than the general population. Multifocal IOLs are widely used in clinical practice for patients with high visual acuity needs, such as cataract patients after refractive keratomileusis, due to their advantages of providing excellent near and distance visual acuity; however, compared to monofocal IOLs, multifocal IOLs can lead to postoperative problems related to visual quality such as increased higher order aberrations and decreased contrast sensitivity. Therefore, whether multifocal IOLs have advantages for post-LASIK cataract patients, such as improving the visual quality of such patients, has attracted attention. In this paper, we analyze the current status of research on the implantation of multifocal IOLs in post-LASIK cataract patients by domestic and foreign experts, review and summarize the relevant literature, and propose further discussion in the context of the actual situation of postoperative visual quality and vision recovery.
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  • Article
    Yang J, Lu J, Yang Y, Tian K, Kong X, Tian X, Scheu S.
    PeerJ. 2023;11:e15720.
    Human activities are increasing the input of atmospheric particulate pollutants to forests. The components of particulate pollutants include inorganic anions, base cations and hydrocarbons. Continuous input of particulate pollutants may affect soil functioning in forests, but their effects may be modified by soil fauna. However, studies investigating how soil fauna affects the effects of particulate pollutants on soil functioning are lacking. Here, we investigated how earthworms and the particulate components interact in affecting soil enzymatic functions in a deciduous (Quercus variabilis) and a coniferous (Pinus massoniana) forest in southeast China. We manipulated the addition of nitrogen (N, ammonium nitrate), sodium (Na, sodium chloride) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs, five mixed PAHs) in field mesocosms with and without Eisenia fetida, an earthworm species colonizing forests in eastern China. After one year, N and Na addition increased, whereas PAHs decreased soil enzymatic functions, based on average Z scores of extracellular enzyme activities. Earthworms generally stabilized soil enzymatic functions via neutralizing the effects of N, Na and PAHs addition in the deciduous but not in the coniferous forest. Specifically, earthworms neutralized the effects of N and Na addition on soil pH and the effects of the addition of PAHs on soil microbial biomass. Further, both particulate components and earthworms changed the correlations among soil enzymatic and other ecosystem functions in the deciduous forest, but the effects depended on the type of particulate components. Generally, the effects of particulate components and earthworms on soil enzymatic functions were weaker in the coniferous than the deciduous forest. Overall, the results indicate that earthworms stabilize soil enzymatic functions in the deciduous but not the coniferous forest irrespective of the type of particulate components. This suggests that earthworms may neutralize the influence of atmospheric particulate pollutants on ecosystem functions, but the neutralization may be restricted to deciduous forests.
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  • Article
    Mallipattu SK, He JC.
    Oncotarget. 2015 Jun 30;6(18):15720-1.
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  • Article
    Fan MT, Lin JD, Zhang HB, Liao DW.
    Chem Commun (Camb). 2015 Nov 07;51(86):15720-3.
    Ni/MgO-CNTs catalysts are prepared by in situ chemical vapor deposition growth of CNTs on Ni/MgO. These catalysts exhibit an improved performance for the production of synthetic natural gas from syngas, which is attributed to the formation of highly catalytic active interfaces among Ni, CNTs and MgO.
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  • Article
    Kim JS, Kang MJ, Jeong KD, Hwang JH.
    Medicine (Baltimore). 2019 May;98(20):e15720.
    RATIONALE: We report a case of haptic fracture of polyimide intraocular lens (IOL) and its dislocation after neodymium:YAG (Nd:YAG) laser capsulotomy. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of both the fracture and dislocation of the IOL after laser posterior capsulotomy.
    PATIENT CONCERNS: A 78-year-old male was referred to our clinic with a history of decreased visual acuity after Nd:YAG laser posterior capsulotomy in the right eye. A dislocated IOL was observed on slit lamp examination.
    DIAGNOSIS: On slit-lamp examination, dislocated IOL with intact anterior capsulorrhexis margin was observed in the right eye.
    INTERVENTIONS: We removed the dislocated IOL and fixed a 3-piece IOL (Acrysof MN60AC, Alcon Laboratories, Inc) in the ciliary sulcus under retrobulbar anesthesia.
    OUTCOMES: After the operation, the observed uncorrected distance visual acuity (UCVA) was 20/20 and the measured intraocular pressure (IOP) was 18 mmHg; the IOL was fixed in the ciliary sulcus.
    LESSONS: Three-piece, silicone-polyimide haptics in IOLs can get fractured after Nd:YAG laser capsulotomy. Thus, it is suggested that sufficient haptic dilation should be ensured while performing Nd:YAG laser capsulotomy in patients with polyimide haptics. Moreover, a small-sized capsulotomy is likely to be helpful in such patients.
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  • Article
    Feng Z, Zheng Y, Wang P, Xue L, Yu M, Deng Z, Lei X, Chen G.
    Sci Rep. 2023 09 21;13(1):15720.
    To investigate the value of MRI texture analysis in evaluating the effect of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) on neonatal brain microstructure development, we retrospectively collected images of neonates undergoing head MRI scans, including a GDM group (N1 = 37) and a healthy control group (N2 = 34). MaZda texture analysis software was used to extract the texture features from different sequence images and perform dimensionality reduction, and then the texture features selected by the lowest misjudgement rate method were imported into SPSS software for statistical analysis. In our study, we found that GDM affects the development of the microstructure of the neonatal brain, and different combinations of texture features have different recognition performances, such as different sequences and different brain regions. As a consequence, texture analysis combining multiple conventional MRI sequences has a high recognition performance in revealing the abnormal development of the brain microstructure of neonates born of mothers with GDM.
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  • Article
    Zhang H, Jin K, Xiong K, Jing W, Pang Z, Feng M, Cheng X.
    Cancer Med. 2023 07;12(14):15720-15735.
    BACKGROUND: Gut microbiota plays a significant role in the colorectal cancer (CRC) process. Ectopic colonization of multiple oral bacteria is reportedly associated with CRC pathogenesis and progression, but the details remain unclear.
    METHODS: We enrolled a cohort of 50 CRC patients and 52 healthy controls from an East China population. Taxonomic and functional analysis of the fecal microbiota were performed using 16S rDNA (50 + 52 samples) and shotgun metagenomic sequencing (8 + 6 samples), respectively, with particular attention paid to gut-colonized oral bacteria.
    RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: The results showed more detected bacterial species but lower species evenness within the samples from CRC patients. To determine the specific bacteria enriched in each group, we analyzed their possible protective, carcinogenic, or opportunistic roles in the CRC process. Among the ectopic oral bacteria, we observed a significant increase in the abundance of Fusobacterium and decreased abundance of Prevotella and Ruminococcus in the CRC group. Main differences in the functional composition of these two groups were related to energy metabolism and biosynthesis, especially the glycolytic pathway. Furthermore, we validated the colonization of Fusobacterium nucleatum subsp. animalis within CRC tissues and studied its impact on the host intestinal epithelium and tumor cells. With high selectivity for cancerous tissues, this subspecies promoted CRC cell proliferation and induced potential DNA damage.
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  • Article
    Frigola J, He J, Kinkelin K, Pye VE, Renault L, Douglas ME, Remus D, Cherepanov P, Costa A, Diffley JFX.
    Nat Commun. 2017 06 23;8:15720.
    ORC, Cdc6 and Cdt1 act together to load hexameric MCM, the motor of the eukaryotic replicative helicase, into double hexamers at replication origins. Here we show that Cdt1 interacts with MCM subunits Mcm2, 4 and 6, which both destabilizes the Mcm2-5 interface and inhibits MCM ATPase activity. Using X-ray crystallography, we show that Cdt1 contains two winged-helix domains in the C-terminal half of the protein and a catalytically inactive dioxygenase-related N-terminal domain, which is important for MCM loading, but not for subsequent replication. We used these structures together with single-particle electron microscopy to generate three-dimensional models of MCM complexes. These show that Cdt1 stabilizes MCM in a left-handed spiral open at the Mcm2-5 gate. We propose that Cdt1 acts as a brace, holding MCM open for DNA entry and bound to ATP until ORC-Cdc6 triggers ATP hydrolysis by MCM, promoting both Cdt1 ejection and MCM ring closure.
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  • Article
    Toreyhi H, Asgari S, Khalili D, Pishgahi M, Azizi F, Hadaegh F.
    Sci Rep. 2021 08 03;11(1):15720.
    Sudden cardiac death (SCD) is described as death within one hour, if observed, from the onset of symptoms, and within 24 h of being alive and well if not observe. Study population includes 3705 men and 4446 women, aged ≥ 30 years. Multivariable Cox proportional hazard models were used to determine the risk factors associated with SCD. After a median follow-up of 17.9 years, 244 SCD (165 in males) occurred. The age-standardized incidence rate (95% confidence intervals (CI)) of SCD was 2.3 (2.1-2.7) per 1000 person-year. Current smoking [Hazard ratio (HR): 2.43, 95% CI: 1.73-3.42], high waist circumference [1.49: 1.04-2.12], hypertension [1.39: 1.05-1.84], type 2 diabetes mellitus [2.78: 2.09-3.69], pulse rate ≥ 90 beats per/minute [1.72: 1.22-2.42] and prevalent cardiovascular disease [1.75: 1.26-2.45] were significant risk factors. The corresponding population attributed fractions (PAF) were 14.30, 16.58, 14.03, 19.60, 7.62, and 8.30, respectively. Being overweight [0.58: 0.40-0.83] and obese [0.61: 0.38-0.98] decreased the risk of SCD. After excluding known diabetes cases from our data analysis, the newly diagnosed diabetes still showed an HR of 2.0 (1.32-3.00) with a PAF of 7.15% in the full adjustment model. To deal with sudden death as a catastrophic outcome, multi-component strategies by policy health makers are suggested.
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  • Article
    Mandura RA, Radi RE.
    Cureus. 2021 Jun;13(6):e15720.
    Pseudoxanthoma elasticum, or Gronblad-Strandberg syndrome, is an inherited disorder that involves multiple organ systems. The characteristic degeneration and calcification of the elastic fibers caused by this disease were first observed by Ferdinand Jean Darrier in 1896. We report a case of a 27-year-old female who was diagnosed with pseudoxanthoma elasticum based on a skin biopsy prior to her presentation to our ophthalmology outpatient clinic. The past ocular history of the patient was unremarkable for any previous eye complaint or surgery. Her ocular and fundus examination showed pigmented grayish irregular post choroidal crack-like linear dehiscence, forming a network-like pattern, originating at the optic disc and extending radially involving the macular area and the posterior pole in both eyes, representing bilateral angioid streaks. There were no clinical or optical coherent tomographic signs of choroidal neovascularization. Periodic follow up for patients with pseudoxanthoma elasticum is recommended to detect choroidal neovascularization which is a sight-threatening complication. Ophthalmologists should be aware of this association as early recognition and treatment are vital to prevent irreversible visual loss.
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  • Article
    Foskolos I, Aguilar de Soto N, Madsen PT, Johnson M.
    Sci Rep. 2019 10 31;9(1):15720.
    Echolocating toothed whales produce powerful clicks pneumatically to detect prey in the deep sea where this long-range sensory channel makes them formidable top predators. However, air supplies for sound production compress with depth following Boyle's law suggesting that deep-diving whales must use very small air volumes per echolocation click to facilitate continuous sensory flow in foraging dives. Here we test this hypothesis by analysing click-induced acoustic resonances in the nasal air sacs, recorded by biologging tags. Using 27000 clicks from 102 dives of 23 tagged pilot whales (Globicephala macrorhynchus), we show that click production requires only 50 µL of air/click at 500 m depth increasing gradually to 100 µL at 1000 m. With such small air volumes, the metabolic cost of sound production is on the order of 40 J per dive which is a negligible fraction of the field metabolic rate. Nonetheless, whales must make frequent pauses in echolocation to recycle air between nasal sacs. Thus, frugal use of air and periodic recycling of very limited air volumes enable pilot whales, and likely other toothed whales, to echolocate cheaply and almost continuously throughout foraging dives, providing them with a strong sensory advantage in diverse aquatic habitats.
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  • Article
    Zafar A, Younas M, Fatima SA, Qian L, Liu Y, Sun H, Shaheen R, Nisar A, Karim S, Nadeem M, Ahmad M.
    Nanoscale. 2021 Oct 01;13(37):15711-15720.
    The synthesis of one-dimensional heterostructures having high dielectric constant and low dielectric loss has remained a great challenge. Until now, the dielectric performance of ZnO-ZnS heterostructures was scarcely investigated. In this work, large-scale ZnO-ZnS heterostructures were synthesized by employing the chemical vapor deposition method. High resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) confirms the formation of heterostructures. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) shows that S atoms fill up the oxygen vacancy (VO) in ZnO, leading to the suppression of charge carrier's movement from ZnO to ZnS; instead there is charge transfer from ZnS to ZnO. Conductivity mismatch between adjacent ZnO and ZnS materials leads to the accumulation of free charges at the interface of the heterostructure and can be considered as a capacitor-like structure. The electrical behaviors of the potential phases of ZnO, ZnS and the ZnO-ZnS heterostructure are well interpreted by a best fitted equivalent circuit model. Each heterostructure acts as a polarization node with a specific flip-flop frequency and all such nodes form continuous transmission of polarization, which jointly increase the dielectric energy-storage performance. The orientational polarization of the polarons and Zn2+-VO dipoles present at the heterostructure interface contributes to the frequency stable dielectric constant at ≥103 Hz. Our findings provide a systematic approach to tailor the electronic transport and dielectric properties at the interface of the heterostructure. We suggest that this approach can be extended for improving the energy harvesting, transformation and storage capabilities of the nanostructures for the development of high-performance energy-storage devices.
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  • Article
    Steiniger BS, Wilhelmi V, Berthold M, Guthe M, Lobachev O.
    Sci Rep. 2018 10 24;8(1):15720.
    Stromal capillary sheath cells in human spleens strongly express CD271, the low affinity nerve growth factor receptor p75. Serial sections of a representative adult human spleen were double-stained for CD271 versus smooth muscle alpha actin (SMA) plus CD34 to visualise capillary sheaths, the arterial tree and endothelial cells by transmitted light. Preliminary three-dimensional (3D) reconstructions of single regions were inspected in virtual reality (VR). This method showed that a large number of CD271+ sheaths occur in a post-arteriolar position often surrounding capillaries located close to divisions of arterioles. The length and diameter of capillary sheaths are rather heterogeneous. Long sheaths were observed to accompany one or two generations of capillary branches. We hypothesise that human splenic capillary sheaths may attract recirculating B-lymphocytes from the open circulation of the red pulp to start their migration into white pulp follicles along branches of the arterial tree. In addition, they may provide sites of interaction among sheath macrophages and B-lymphocytes. Our innovative approach allows stringent quality control by inserting the original immunostained serial sections into the 3D model for viewing and annotation in VR. Longer series of sections will allow to unequivocally localise most of the capillary sheaths in a given volume.
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  • Article
    Le Perchec J, de Lamaestre RE, Brun M, Rochat N, Gravrand O, Badano G, Hazart J, Nicoletti S.
    Opt Express. 2011 Aug 15;19(17):15720-31.
    We report the study of a resonant bandpass filter made of a very thin subwavelength metal patch array coupled to a high index dielectric waveguide. The spectral properties of those filters can easily be tuned by playing on the lateral dimensions of the grating. They exhibit high and narrow transmission peaks together with very good rejection of light out of the pass-band and low angular dependance. An experimental demonstration using standard large scale silicon microelectronics processes is presented in the mid infrared spectral range. This concept of filters can easily be scaled throughout the optical spectrum, and can be integrated within focal plane arrays of various imaging technologies, down to visible wavelengths.
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  • Article
    Boras G, Yu X, Fonseka HA, Zhang D, Zeng H, Sanchez AM, Liu H.
    Nanoscale. 2020 Aug 07;12(29):15711-15720.
    Morphology, crystal defects and crystal phase can significantly affect the elemental distribution of ternary nanowires (NWs). Here, we report the synergic impact of the structure and crystal phase on the composition of branched self-catalyzed AlxGa1-xAs NWs. Branching events were confirmed to increase with Al incorporation rising, while twinning and polytypism were observed to extend from the trunk to the branches, confirming the epitaxial nature of the latter. The growth mechanism of these structures has been ascribed to Ga accumulation at the concave sites on the rough shell. This is in agreement with the ab initio calculations which reveal Ga atoms tend to segregate at the trunk/branch interface. Notably, uncommon, intricate compositional variations are exposed in these branched NWs, where Ga-rich stripes parallel to the growth direction of the branches intersect with another set of periodic arrangements of Ga-rich stripes which are perpendicular to them, leading to the realization of an elemental checked pattern. The periodic variations perpendicular to the growth direction of the branches are caused by the constant rotation of the sample during growth whilst Ga-rich stripes along the growth direction of the branches are understood to be driven by the different nucleation energies and polarities on facets of different crystal phase at the interface between the catalyst droplets and the branched NW tip. These results lead to further comprehension of phase segregation and could assist in the compositional engineering in ternary NWs via harnessing this interesting phenomenon.
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  • Article
    Khattab FM, Rady A, Khashaba SA.
    Dermatol Ther. 2022 10;35(10):e15720.
    Telogen effluvium is one of the most common forms of diffuse, non-scarring hair loss for which patients present for clinical evaluation. It is usually a reactive and reversible disorder. Identifying and correcting the underlying cause is the most important component in management, yet there is always a need for therapeutic options. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of single session botulinum toxin A injection versus multiple sessions of multivitamins mesotherapy in the treatment of telogen effluvium. A randomized clinical trial was conducted in the Dermatology, Venereology, and Andrology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University Hospitals. Twenty-four patients with telogen effluvium were randomly divided into two groups each group included 12 patients. Group I received a single session of Botulinum toxin A injection and group II received multiple sessions of multivitamins mesotherapy injection. Both botulinum toxin A and multivitamins mesotherapy are effective in the treatment of telogen effluvium, which was reflected on the improvement of hair parameters as terminal hair and multiple follicular units. Both treatment modalities had minimal and well-tolerated side effects. Although both therapies have equivalent success rates, single session of botulinum toxin A is a better choice than multiple mesotherapy sessions.
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  • Article
    Felipe DF, Brambilla LZ, Porto C, Pilau EJ, Cortez DA.
    Molecules. 2014 Sep 29;19(10):15720-34.
    Pfaffia glomerata contains high levels of β-ecdysone, which has shown a range of beneficial pharmacological effects. The present study demonstrated that inflorescences of P. glomerata contain other important bioactive compounds in addition to β-ecdysone. The identification of compounds from inflorescences using liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS/MS) was performed for the first time. The eight compounds identified were β-ecdysone, flavonoid glycosides such as quercetin-3-O-glucoside, kaempferol-3-O-glucoside and kaempferol-3-O-(6-p-coumaroyl)-glucoside, oleanane-type triterpenoid saponins such as ginsenoside Ro and chikusetsusaponin IV, in addition to oleanonic acid and gluconic acid. This study provided information on the phytochemicals contained in P. glomerata inflorescences revealing the potential application of this plant part as raw material for the phytotherapeutic and cosmetic industries.
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  • Article
    Agarwal V, James CC, Widdicombe CE, Barton AD.
    Ecol Evol. 2021 Nov;11(22):15720-15739.
    It is difficult to make skillful predictions about the future dynamics of marine phytoplankton populations. Here, we use a 22-year time series of monthly average abundances for 198 phytoplankton taxa from Station L4 in the Western English Channel (1992-2014) to test whether and how aggregating phytoplankton into multi-species assemblages can improve predictability of their temporal dynamics. Using a non-parametric framework to assess predictability, we demonstrate that the prediction skill is significantly affected by how species data are grouped into assemblages, the presence of noise, and stochastic behavior within species. Overall, we find that predictability one month into the future increases when species are aggregated together into assemblages with more species, compared with the predictability of individual taxa. However, predictability within dinoflagellates and larger phytoplankton (>12 μm cell radius) is low overall and does not increase by aggregating similar species together. High variability in the data, due to observational error (noise) or stochasticity in population growth rates, reduces the predictability of individual species more than the predictability of assemblages. These findings show that there is greater potential for univariate prediction of species assemblages or whole-community metrics, such as total chlorophyll or biomass, than for the individual dynamics of phytoplankton species.
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  • Article
    Tsai CK, Huang LC, Tsai WC, Huang SM, Lee JT, Hueng DY.
    Oncotarget. 2018 Mar 20;9(21):15705-15720.
    High-grade gliomas are the most threatening brain tumors due to aggressive proliferation and poor prognosis. Thus, utilizing genetic glioma biomarkers to forecast prognosis and guide clinical management is crucial. Procollagen-lysine, 2-oxoglutarate 5-dioxygenase 3 (PLOD3) modulates cancer progression and metastasis. However, its detailed function in cancer remains largely uninvestigated. PLOD3 expression was evaluated with real-time PCR in glioblastoma (GBM) cell lines and by Gene Expression Omnibus dataset analysis and immunohistochemistry of glioma tissues. We investigated the clinical use of PLOD3 for determining glioma prognosis. The biological roles of PLOD3 in proliferation, migration and invasion of GBM cells were studied both in vitro with wound-healing and transwell assays and in vivo using an orthotopic xenograft mouse model. Hypoxia and western blotting were applied to discover the molecular mechanisms underlying PLOD3 functions. PLOD3 mRNA and protein expression were upregulated in glioma tissues compared to normal brain tissues. PLOD3 overexpression was correlated with negative survival in glioma patients. PLOD3 silencing suppressed cell proliferation and induced G1 phase arrest through p53-independent regulation of the p21 pathway. Inhibition of PLOD3 in glioma cells decreased VEGF expression, migration and invasion by downregulating mesenchymal markers, including Snail and Twist. Notably, knockdown of PLOD3 inhibited HIF-1α accumulation via the ERK signaling pathway under hypoxia. Taken together, these discoveries reveal that PLOD3 is a potential therapeutic target in human gliomas.
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